020-021第二十,二十一课 重生（狭义）
Lectures 20, 21 REGENERATION (Narrow Sense)
狭义的重生﹕这内在改变的第一步。
Regeneration (narrow sense) = the initial step of this subjective transformation.
- 雅各书 1:18
祂按自己的旨意, 用真道生了我们, 叫我们在他所造的万物中好像初熟的果子。
James 1:18
In the exercise of His will He brought us forth by the word of truth, so that we would be a kind of first fruits among His creatures.
彼前 1:23
你们蒙了重生，不是由于能坏的种子，乃是由于不能坏的种子，是借着上帝活泼常存的道。
I Peter 1:23
for you have been born again not of seed which is perishable but imperishable, {that is,} through the living and enduring word of God.
— 这两个字，约翰，保罗没有用过。
— Apokueo, anagennao – not found in Paul or John.
这两个字似乎指广义的重生。
2 words seem to point to broad sense of regeneration.
雅各布﹕我们由上帝的话生出。
James: we are brought forth by the Word.
重生不是按上帝的话的劝导（这个重生定义是异端）；重生是圣灵直接的工作。
Regeneration is not moral suasion based on Word (heresy), but direct operation of the Holy Spirit.
道不是指有位格的道（道成肉身的道）。
“Word” = not hypostatic Word (in context). Warfield 366.
重生是基督直接的工作。
Both refer to narrower regeneration. Immediate action of Christ.
狭义的重生，在圣灵救赎次序以外没有意义﹕重生并不离开上帝的道而独立发生。
Regeneration in narrower sense has no meaning outside of ordo salutis; it doesn’t take place aside from the Word.
- 约3:1-8
3 耶稣回答说, 我实实在在的告诉你, 人若不重生, 就不能见上帝的国。
5耶稣说, 我实实在在的告诉你, 人若不是从水和 (圣)灵生的,就不能进上帝的国。
6 从肉身生的, 就是肉身. 从灵生的, 就是灵。
8 风随着意思吹, 你听见风的响声, 却不晓得从那里来, 往那里去凡从 (圣)灵 生的, 也
是如此。
John 3:1-8
3 Jesus answered and said to him, “Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born again he cannot see the kingdom of God.”
5 Jesus answered, “Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born of water and the Spirit he cannot enter into the kingdom of God.
6 “That which is born of the flesh is flesh, and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit.
8 “The wind blows where it wishes and you hear the sound of it, but do not know where it comes from and where it is going; so is everyone who is born of the Spirit.”
— 重生（圣灵的工作）﹕奥秘；事实；
可以看见果子；事件（过程？）。
— Regeneration (work of Holy Spirit): mystery; fact;
fruits=seen; event (process?).
- 约3:31
从天上来的, 是在万有之上. 从地上来的, 是属乎地, 他所说的, 也是属乎地。从天上来的, 是在万有之上。
John 3:31
“He who comes from above is above all, he who is of the earth is from the earth and speaks of the earth. He who comes from heaven is above all.
加4:9
现在你们既然认识上帝, 更可说是被上帝所认识的。怎么还要归回那懦弱无用的小学, 情愿再给他作奴仆呢?
Gal. 4:9
But now that you have come to know God, or rather to be known by God, how is it that you turn back again to the weak and worthless elemental things, to which you desire to be enslaved all over again?
可15:38
殿里的幔子, 从上到下裂为两半。
Mark 15:38
And the veil of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom.
— Gennethe anothen – born again, born from above.
Anothen:主要的意思是 “从上头来的”。
— Anothen – more usually taken to mean “from above” in the New Testament.
— Palin – linked with anothen (again).
- Gennethei from gennao.
人的出生 = 比喻。人出生 = 被动的事。
Analogy of human generatrion. Person begotten – passive.
新的个别的生命开始了。（不是生命的延续。）重要的，是新生命的开始。
New, individual life comes into existence. (Not extension, not continuation.)
Focus on initiation of new life.
iii.约3:3 ,5
3耶稣回答说, 我实实在在的告诉你, 人若不重生, 就不能见神上帝的国。
5 耶稣说, 我实实在在的告诉你, 人若不是从水和 (圣)灵生的就不能进上帝的国。
John 3:3, 5
3 Jesus answered and said to him, “Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born again he cannot see the kingdom of God.”
5 Jesus answered, “Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born of water and the Spirit he cannot enter into the kingdom of God.”
–永生与上帝的国是同样的事。
— Zoen aionion and kingdom of God are the same.
–永远的生命，是在上帝的国的范围里。
— Eternal life is in Kingdom’s realm.
–天国的事，都与生命有关。
— Kingdom-activity pertains to life.
Believing, one sees and enters life.
iv.约3:5
耶稣说, 我实实在在的告诉你, 人若不是从水和 (圣)灵生的就不能进上帝的国.
John 3:5
Jesus answered, “Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born of water and the Spirit he cannot enter into the kingdom of God.”
第一．从水生= 从圣灵生（加尔文）。
First: Born of water, even of Spirit (Calvin). Water = Spirit.
约3:8
风随着意思吹, 你听见风的响声, 却不晓得从那里来, 往那里去。凡从 (圣)灵生的, 也是如此。
John 3:8
“The wind blows where it wishes and you hear the sound of it, but do not know where it comes from and where it is going; so is everyone who is born of the Spirit.”
— 8节没有提到水。
— Water = absent
太3:11
我是用水给你们施洗, 叫你们悔改。但那在我以后来的, 能力比我更大.我就是给他提鞋, 也不配. 他要用圣灵与火给你们施洗。
Matt. 3:11
“As for me, I baptize you with water for repentance, but He who is coming after me is mightier than I, and I am not fit to remove His sandals; He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and fire.
–圣灵与火。 Spirit and fire.
约7:38-39
38 信我的人, 就如经上所说, 从他复中要流出活水的江河来。
39 耶稣这话是指着信他之人, 要受 (圣)灵说的, 那时还没有赐下圣灵来, 因为耶稣尚
未得着荣耀。
John 7:38-39
“As for me, I baptize you with water for repentance, but He who is coming after me is mightier than I, and I am not fit to remove His sandals; He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and fire.”
林前12:13
我们不拘是犹太人, 是希利尼人, 是为奴的, 是自主的都从一位 (圣)灵受洗, 成了
一个身体， 饮于一位 (圣)灵。
I Cor. 12:13
For by one Spirit we were all baptized into one body, whether Jews or Greeks, whether slaves or free, and we were all made to drink of one Spirit.
赛44:3
因为我要将水浇灌口渴的人, 将河浇灌干旱之地。我要将我的灵浇灌你后裔, 将我的福浇灌你的子孙。
Isaiah 44:3
‘For I will pour out water on the thirsty {land} And streams on the dry ground; I will pour out My Spirit on your offspring And My blessing on your descendants;’
— 赐生命 – 赐灵->赐生命 – 赐水。
— Giving of life – giving of Spirit -> Giving of life – giving water.
第二﹕约翰在这里（从水重生）主要关心的，不是赐生命，乃是洁净。
Second: John is not concerned with life-giving, but as purifying.
旧约也提到洁净的功能。
Purifying function = also in the Old Testament.
天主教﹕洗礼 = 重生所必须的。圣礼本身有功效。
Roman Catholics: Baptism = indispensable means of regeneration. Ex opera operatum.
路得宗的教导﹕洗礼 = 媒介，圣灵 = 重生人的那位。
圣灵的工作是的必须的。可是﹕圣灵透过洗礼来工作。
Lutheranism: Baptism = mediate cause and Holy Spirit = efficient cause of regeneration. Work of Holy Spirit = necessary. Nevertheless, baptism = means through which Holy Spirit works.
洗礼是圣灵所作成的恩典的外在记号。
Baptism is outward sign of grace wrought by Holy Spirit.
洗礼是圣灵所做成的重生的外在记号。
Baptism is outward sign of regeneration, worked by Holy Spirit.
改革宗的看法﹕慕理，《再思救赎奇恩》。Reformed view: John Murray:
第一．在约翰3章，没有提到洗礼。
First: Born OF WATER: There is no illusion to baptism in John 3.
没有足够理由，认为水是指洗礼。
No compelling reason to think of water as referring to baptism.
第二．基督所设定的洗礼，在这时候还没有设定。
Second: Ordinance of Christian baptism is not instituted at this point.
尼哥底母不可能了解洗礼的意义的。
Nicodemus could not have understood.
第三．洗礼主要的意义，是与基督联合。
Third: Chief idea of baptism is union with Christ.
尼哥底母不可能在这阶段了解 “与基督联合”。
Nicodemus could not understand this, at this point.
耶稣是向一个法利赛人谈话。
Jesus was speaking to a Pharisee.
对尼哥底母来说，水可能指什么宗教观念？
What was religious idea conveyed to Nicodemus by “water”?
洁净。PURIFICATION.
出29:4
要使亚伦和他儿子到会幕门口来, 用水洗身。
Exodus 29:4
“Then you shall bring Aaron and his sons to the doorway of the tent of meeting and wash them with water.
出30:18-21
18 你要用铜作洗濯盆和盆座, 以便洗濯.要将盆放在会幕和坛的中间, 在盆里盛水。
19 亚伦和他的儿子要在这盆里洗手洗脚。
20 他们进会幕, 或是就近坛前供职给耶和华献火祭的时候, 必用水洗濯免得死亡。 21 他们洗手洗脚就免得死亡. 这要作亚伦和他后裔世世代代永远的定例。
Exodus 30:18-21
18 “You shall also make a laver of bronze, with its base of bronze, for washing; and you shall put it between the tent of meeting and the altar, and you shall put water in it.
19 “Aaron and his sons shall wash their hands and their feet from it;
20 when they enter the tent of meeting, they shall wash with water, so that they will not die; or when they approach the altar to minister, by offering up in smoke a fire {sacrifice} to the LORD.
21 “So they shall wash their hands and their feet, so that they will not die; and it shall be a perpetual statute for them, for Aaron and his descendants throughout their generations.”
利11:32
其中死了的, 掉在甚么东西上, 这东西就不洁净. 无论是木器, 衣服, 皮子, 口袋, 不拘是作甚么工用的器皿须要放在水中, 必不洁净到晚上, 到晚上才洁净了.
Lev. 11:32
‘Also anything on which one of them may fall when they are dead becomes unclean, including any wooden article, or clothing, or a skin, or a sack–any article of which use is made–it shall be put in the water and be unclean until evening, then it becomes clean.
— 除去（献祭制度方面的）不洁。
— Remove ceremonial defilement.
利未记 13:5-6
5第七天, 祭司要察看他, 若看灾病止住了, 没有在皮上发散. 祭司还要将他关锁七天.
6第七天, 祭司要再察看他, 若灾病发暗, 而且没有在皮上发散.祭司要定他为洁净, 原
来是癣, 那人就要洗衣服, 得为洁净。
Lev. 13:5-6
5 “The priest shall look at him on the seventh day, and if in his eyes the infection has not changed {and} the infection has not spread on the skin, then the priest shall isolate him for seven more days.
6 “The priest shall look at him again on the seventh day, and if the infection has faded and the mark has not spread on the skin, then the priest shall pronounce him clean; it is {only} a scab. And he shall wash his clothes and be clean.
申 23:11
到傍晚的时候, 他要用水洗澡, 及至日落了才可以入营。
Deut. 23:11
“But it shall be when evening approaches, he shall bathe himself with water, and at sundown he may reenter the camp.
— 因梦遗而不洁。
— Unclean because of a nocturnal emission
结16:4
论到你出世的景况, 在你初生的日子没有为你断脐带, 也没有用水洗你使你洁净, 丝毫没有撒盐在你身上, 也没有用布裹你。
Ezekiel 16:4
“As for your birth, on the day you were born your navel cord was not cut, nor were you washed with water for cleansing; you were not rubbed with salt or even wrapped in cloths.
结16:9
那时我用水洗呢，洗净你身上的血，又用油抹你。
Ezekiel 16:9
Then I bathed you with water, washed off your blood from you and anointed you with oil.
— 道德上（心的）洁净。
— Moral cleansing
结36:25
我必用清水洒在你们身上, 你们就洁净了。我要洁净你们, 使你们脱离一切的污秽, 弃掉一切的偶像。
Ezekiel 36:25
“Then I will sprinkle clean water on you, and you will be clean; I will cleanse you from all your filthiness and from all your idols.
— 用清水洒。
— Sprinkle with clean water.
弗5:26
要用水借着道, 把教会洗净, 成为圣洁。
Cf. Ephesians 5:26
so that He might sanctify her, having cleansed her by the washing of water with the word,
— 基督洁净祂的教会。
— Christ cleanses his church
希10:32
你们要追念往日, 蒙了光照以后, 所忍受大争战的各样苦难。
Heb. 10:32
But remember the former days, when, after being enlightened, you endured a great conflict of sufferings,
— 洁净 = 进入天国的必须条件。
— Purification = necessary condition to enter into kingdom.
— 洁净 = 重生消极的一面。
— Purification = negative aspect of regeneration.
从灵而生。
BORN OF SPIRIT.
灵的意义。
Meaning of Spirit.
约3:6
从肉身生的, 就是肉身. 从灵生的, 就是灵。
John 3:6
“That which is born of the flesh is flesh, and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit.
约3:8
风随着意思吹, 你听见风的响声, 却不晓得从那里来, 往那里去. 凡从(圣)灵生的, 也是如此。
John 3:8
“That which is born of the flesh is flesh, and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit.
— 灵，指圣灵。进入天国是的被动的事件。
— Holy Spirit. Entering into kingdom = passive activity.
— 圣灵是唯一作成重生的那位。
— Holy Spirit = sole operator of regeneration.
— 重生必须从两个角度来看﹕
— TWO ASPECTS from which regeneration must be viewed:
污秽被除去 / 新生命赐下
Vileness purged / newness of life
洁净 / 更新
Purification / renewal
结36:25-26
25 我必用清水洒在你们身上, 你们就洁净了。 我要洁净你们,使你们脱离一切的污
秽, 弃掉一切的偶像。
26 我也要赐给你们一个新心, 将新灵放在你们里面. 又从你们的肉体中除掉石心, 赐
给你们肉心。
Ezekiel 36:25, 26
25 “Then I will sprinkle clean water on you, and you will be clean; I will cleanse you from all your filthiness and from all your idols.
26 “Moreover, I will give you a new heart and put a new spirit within you; and I will remove the heart of stone from your flesh and give you a heart of flesh.
— 结36﹕25-26 = 约翰3﹕5的背景。
— Ezekiel 36:25-26 = background to, parallel to John 3:5
— 结36﹕25-26；约3﹕3，5，多3﹕5 = 平衡经文。
— Parallel to Titus 3:5
— 都提到洗涤与更新。
— Washing and renewal.
— 保罗在这里有类似的教导。
— Pauline equivalent.
— 提多3﹕5应该从末世的广义角度来理解。
— Titus 3:5 should be understood in broad, eschatological sense.
多 3:5
祂便救了我们， 并不是因我们自己所行的义， 乃是照祂的怜悯,借着重生的洗，和圣灵的更新。
Titus 3:5
He saved us, not on the basis of deeds which we have done in righteousness, but according to His mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewing by the Holy Spirit.
— 因此﹕约翰3章应如此了解。
— Therefore: John 3 can also be understood in this way.
— 我们对约翰3章的理解，不能完全不理会洗礼。
— Baptism cannot be excluded from John 3 –
约翰头几章提到悔改，洁净。
Early chapters of John (context) = of repentance, cleansing –
就算在这里，洁净也不靠人内在的能力。
Even here, it isn’t effected by man’s resources in himself.
洗涤是由他人作的（施洗约翰）。
Washing is by someone else (John the Baptist).
悔改是上帝赐的恩赐。我们在悔改里看见上帝的能力。
Repentance is God’s gift. In repentance we see God’s power.
不只是悔改。施洗约翰语言圣灵和火的洗礼。
Not only repentance, but John the Baptist prophesied the Holy Spirit and fire.
火洁净，炼净；圣灵更新人。
Fire cleanses, purifies; Holy Spirit renews.
使徒行传2章﹕悔改，接受洗礼；接受圣灵。
Acts 2: Peter: Repent; be baptized; receive the Holy Spirit.
罗马书6章﹕保罗﹕与基督联合﹕洗礼=根据（人被洁净，更新）。
Romans 6: Paul: on basis of baptism (cleansing and renewal).
洗礼 = 与基督同死，同复活的经历。
Baptism = death-and-resurrection experience.
v.肉体FLESH (sarx) – 约翰John 3:6
约 3:6
从肉身生的, 就是肉身.。从灵生的, 就是灵。
“That which is born of the flesh is flesh, and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit.”
— 肉体﹕人在道德上（内心）污秽。Morally colored, tainted, depreciatory.
— 肉体，与灵对照。Flesh is contrasted with Spirit.
— 被罪污染的，是有罪的。That which is polluted by sin is sinful.
— 肉体本身不可能超越肉体自己。It is impossible for flesh to transcend flesh.
（灵 = 圣灵。Spirit = Holy Spirit.)
人性被罪辖制 vs. 人性被圣灵重生。
Human nature controlled by sin, vs. human nature generated by Holy Spirit.
圣灵所重生的，不可能被肉体胜过﹕彻底的，完全的，从根拔起的改变。
What is generated by the Holy Spirit cannot be frustrated by the flesh: thorough, radical transformation.
从灵圣的（新的开始）﹕就是灵（过程，生成）。
Being born of Spirit (inception): being Spirit (process, becoming).
vi.灵SPIRIT(pneuma) –
约3:8
风随着意思吹, 你听见风的响声, 却不晓得从那里来, 往那里去。凡从 (圣)灵生的, 也是如此。
John 3:8
“The wind blows where it wishes and you hear the sound of it, but do not know where it comes from and where it is going; so is everyone who is born of the Spirit.”
— 风，首先不是指圣灵自己（而是指圣灵的工作）。
— Wind’s reference = not to the Holy Spirit in the first instance.
— 风吹， 像圣灵的工作﹕与风比较﹕
— Blowing of wind like work of the Spirit – comparison with wind:
— 第一﹕奥秘，看不见。我们看见果效，可是看不见风。
— First: Mysterious, invisible – you see effects, but not the wind.
— 第二﹕不可抗拒，大有果效。 “随着自己意思”。风掌主权。
— Second: Irresistible, efficacious: “where it wills.” Wind = sovereign.
— 第三﹕可以看见果效。
— Third: Fruit can be observed.
阅读：
《盘石之上》，第六章，『重生』。原著：Sinclair Ferguson, The Christian Life: A Doctrinal Introduction.
网上阅读此书：www.solarbeauty.com/chinesebible/The_Christian_Life.doc。
网络圣约ccnci.org中华展望圣约学院[email protected]（PayPal）