031第三十一课 称义：信心，善行，赦罪，立嗣
Lecture 31 JUSTIFICATION: FAITH, GOOD WORKS, FORGIVENESS, ADOPTION
- 信心与称义。
Faith and justification.
- 信心是称义的前提。
Justification presupposes faith.
创15﹕6
埃布尔兰信耶和华，耶和华就以此为他的义。
Gen. 15:6
Then he believed in the LORD; and He reckoned it to him as righteousness.
–信心在称义以先。
–Priority of faith.
加2﹕16
既知道人称义， 不是因行律法，乃是因信耶稣基督，连我们也信了基督耶稣，使我们因信基督称义，不因行律法称义。因为凡有血气的，没有一人因行律法称义。
Gal. 2:16
nevertheless knowing that a man is not justified by the works of the Law but through faith in Christ Jesus, even we have believed in Christ Jesus, so that we may be justified by faith in Christ and not by the works of the Law; since by the works of the Law no flesh will be justified.
- 信心不是称义的根据 (ground)。
Faith is not the ground of justification.
创15﹕6
埃布尔兰信耶和华，耶和华就以此为他的义。
Gen. 15:6
Then he believed in the LORD; and He reckoned it to him as righteousness.
罗4﹕9
如此看来，这福音是单加给那受割礼的人么？不也是加给那未受割礼的人么？因我们所说，亚伯拉罕的信，就算为他的义。
Rom. 4:9
Is this blessing then on the circumcised, or on the uncircumcised also? For we say, “FAITH WAS CREDITED TO ABRAHAM AS RIGHTEOUSNESS.”
罗3﹕22-24
22 就是上帝的义，因信耶稣基督，加给一切相信的人，并没有分别。
23 因为世人都犯了罪，亏缺了上帝的荣耀。
24 如今却蒙上帝的恩典，因基督耶稣的救赎，救白白的称义。
Rom. 3:22-24
22 even {the} righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ for all those who believe; for there is no distinction;
23 for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God,
24 being justified as a gift by His grace through the redemption which is in Christ Jesus;
罗4﹕16
所以人得为后嗣是本乎信，因此就属乎恩，叫应许定然归给一切后裔。不但归给那属乎律法的，也归给那效法亚伯拉罕之信的。
Rom. 4:16
For this reason {it is} by faith, in order that {it may be} in accordance with grace, so that the promise will be guaranteed to all the descendants, not only to those who are of the Law, but also to those who are of the faith of Abraham, who is the father of us all,
— 信心是我们得救的途径，我们借着信心得救。
— Faith = per quam – through which we are saved
— 信心不是我们得救的根据，凭据。我们不是因为（靠）信心得救。
— Faith is NOT propter quam – on account of which we are saved
罗10﹕9，10
9你若口里认耶稣为主，心里信上帝叫祂从死里复活，就必得救。
10 因为人心里相信，就可以称义。口里承认，就可以得救。
Rom. 10:9, 10
9 that if you confess with your mouth Jesus {as} Lord, and believe in your heart that God raised Him from the dead, you will be saved;
10 for with the heart a person believes, resulting in righteousness, and with the mouth he confesses, resulting in salvation.
- 信心是器皿，借着它，我们领受上帝的义。
Faith is the instrument for the appropriation of the righteousness of God.
- 称义与好行为。
Good works and Justification.
- 行为是称义的前提。
Justification presupposes good works.
雅2:17
这样，信心若没有行为就是死的。
James 2:17
Even so faith, if it has no works, is dead, {being} by itself.
罗4﹕5
惟有不做工的，只信称罪人为义的上帝，他的信就算为义。
Rom. 4:5
But to the one who does not work, but believes in Him who justifies the ungodly, his faith is credited as righteousness,
雅2﹕24
这样看来，人称义是因着行为，不是单因着信。
James 2:24
You see that a man is justified by works and not by faith alone.
加3﹕28
并不分犹太人，希利尼人，自主的，为奴的，或男或女。因为你们在基督耶稣里，都成为一了。
Gal. 3:28
There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave nor free man, there is neither male nor female; for you are all one in Christ Jesus.
- 好行为不是称义的根据。
Good works are not the ground of justification.
- 好行为是得救的器皿。
Good works are the instrument of salvation.
信心于称义的关系，于好行为与称义的关系，是一样的。
Faith and good works are in same relation to justification.
罗3﹕20
所以凡有血气的没有一个，因行律法，能在上帝面前称义。因为律法本是叫人知罪。
Rom. 3:20
because by the works of the Law no flesh will be justified in His sight; for through the Law {comes} the knowledge of sin.
加2﹕16
既知道人称义，不是因行律法，乃是因信耶稣基督，连我们也信了基督耶稣，使我们因信基督称义，不因行律法称义。因为凡有血气的，没有一人因行律法称义。
Gal. 2:16
nevertheless knowing that a man is not justified by the works of the Law but through faith in Christ Jesus, even we have believed in Christ Jesus, so that we may be justified by faith in Christ and not by the works of the Law; since by the works of the Law no flesh will be justified.
加3﹕11
没有一个人靠着律法在上帝面前称义。这是明显的。因为经上说﹕义人必因信得生。
Gal. 3:11
Now that no one is justified by the Law before God is evident; for, “THE RIGHTEOUS MAN SHALL LIVE BY FAITH.”
多3﹕5
祂便救了我们，并不是因我们自己所行的义，乃是照祂的怜悯，借着重生的洗，和圣灵的更新。
Titus 3:5
He saved us, not on the basis of deeds which we have done in righteousness, but according to His mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewing by the Holy Spirit,
称义的根据﹕ 靠行为 靠恩典，不靠行为
GROUND: By works By grace, not by works
称义的途径﹕ 藉圣礼，律法 藉信心
INSTRUMENT: Through sacraments Through faith
Or through Law,
Not through faith
多1﹕13
这个见证是真的。所以你要严严的责备他们，使他们在真道上纯全无疵。
Titus 1:13
This testimony is true. For this reason reprove them severely so that they may be sound in the faith,
多1﹕16
他们说是认识上帝，行事却和祂相背。本是可憎恶的，是悖逆的，在各样善事上是可废弃的。
Titus 1:16
They profess to know God, but by {their} deeds they deny {Him,} being detestable and disobedient and worthless for any good deed.
多2﹕1-2
1 但你所讲的，总要合乎那纯正的道理。
2 劝老年人，要有节制，端庄，自守，在信心爱心忍耐上，都要纯全无疵。
Titus 2:1, 2
1 But as for you, speak the things which are fitting for sound doctrine.
2 Older men are to be temperate, dignified, sensible, sound in faith, in love, in perseverance.
多2﹕11
因上帝救众人的恩典，已经显明出来。
Titus 2:11
For the grace of God has appeared, bringing salvation to all men,
多2﹕14
祂为我们舍了自己，要赎我们脱离一切罪恶，又洁净我们，特作自己的子民，热心为善。
Titus 2:14
who gave Himself for us to redeem us from every lawless deed, and to purify for Himself a people for His own possession, zealous for good deeds.
多3﹕1
你要题醒众人，叫他们顺服作官的，掌权的，遵他的命，预备行各样的善 事。
Titus 3:1
Remind them to be subject to rulers, to authorities, to be obedient, to be ready for every good deed,
多3﹕8
这话是可信的，我也愿你把这些事，切切事实的讲明，使那些已信上帝的人，留心作正经事业。这都是美事，并且与人有益。
Titus 3:8
This is a trustworthy statement; and concerning these things I want you to speak confidently, so that those who have believed God will be careful to engage in good deeds. These things are good and profitable for men.
多3﹕14
并且我们的人要学习正经事业，预备所需用的，免得不结果子。
Titus 3:14
Our people must also learn to engage in good deeds to meet pressing needs, so that they will not be unfruitful.
林前6﹕11
你们中间也有人从前是这样。但如今你们奉主耶稣基督的名，并藉我们上帝的灵，已经洗净，成圣称义了。
I Cor. 6:11
Such were some of you; but you were washed, but you were sanctified, but you were justified in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ and in the Spirit of our God.
（参看﹕太25章。Cf. Matthew chapter 25.)
弗1﹕4
就如上帝从创立世界以前，在基督里拣选了我们，使我们在祂面前成为圣洁，无有瑕疵。
Eph. 1:4
just as He chose us in Him before the foundation of the world, that we would be holy and blameless before Him. In love
（参看﹕诗73篇。Cf.: Psalm 73.)
- 赦罪与称义。
Forgiveness and Justification.
- 圣经里称义的意义，不只是罪得赦免。
Forgiveness does not exhaust Biblical concept of justification.
罗4﹕6-8
6 正如戴维称那在行为以外，蒙上帝算为义的人是有福的。
7 他说﹕得赦免其过，遮盖其罪的，这人是有福的。
8 主不算为有罪的，这人是有福的。
Rom. 4:6-8
6 just as David also speaks of the blessing on the man to whom God credits righteousness apart from works:
7 “BLESSED ARE THOSE WHOSE LAWLESS DEEDS HAVE BEEN FORGIVEN, AND WHOSE SINS HAVE BEEN COVERED.
8 “BLESSED IS THE MAN WHOSE SIN THE LORD WILL NOT TAKE INTO ACCOUNT.
- 上帝赦免我们的罪，不等于我们不需要每天被赦免。
Forgiveness does not negate need for daily forgiveness.
罗8﹕1
如今那些在基督耶稣里的，就不定罪了。
Rom. 8:1
Therefore there is now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus.
- 立嗣（被收养为上帝的儿女）与称义。
Adoption and Justification.
罗8﹕15
你们所受的不是奴仆的心，仍旧害怕。所受的乃是儿子的心，因此我们呼叫阿爸，父。
Rom. 8:15
For you have not received a spirit of slavery leading to fear again, but you have received a spirit of adoption as sons by which we cry out, “Abba! Father!”
加4﹕5
要把律法以下的人赎出来，叫我们得着儿子的名分。
Gal. 4:5
so that He might redeem those who were under the Law, that we might receive the adoption as sons.
林后6﹕18
我要作你们的父，你们要作我的儿女。这是全能的主说的。
II Cor. 6:18
“And I will be a father to you, And you shall be sons and daughters to Me,” Says the Lord Almighty.”
- 立嗣与称义，是在基督里不同的好处。
Adoption and justification are distinct benefits of Christ.
- 立嗣与重生是不同的。
Adoption and regeneration are distinct.
- 以色列与教会的不同﹕教会（基督徒）进入上帝的家，为成熟的儿子。
Difference between Israel and the Church = entering into the family of God as
immature sons vs. as mature sons.
- 教会与以色列的区别﹕作得救的儿子，不只是作被造者（儿子）（徒17
章）。
Distinction: soteric sonship (prevailing usage) vs. creative sonship (Acts 17)
阅读：
《盘石之上》，第九章，『称义』。
网上阅读此书：www.solarbeauty.com/chinesebible/The_Christian_Life.doc。
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