030 第三十课 称义（续）：称义的根据
Lecture 30 JUSTIFICATION (continued): THE GROUND OF JUSTIFICATION
- 称义是人的被重构。
Justification is a constitutive act.
- 使人得救的称义，需要人被再造 (re-constituted)。
Soteric justification requires a constitutive act.
- 使人成为义﹕To make righteous:
罗5﹕19
因一人的悖逆，众人成为罪人，照样，因一人的顺从，众人也成为义了。
Romans 5:19
For as through the one man’s disobedience the many were made sinners, even so through the obedience of the One the many will be made righteous.
上下文﹕罗5﹕17-18
17 若因一人的过犯，死就因一人作了王，何况那些受洪恩又蒙所赐之义的，岂不更要因耶稣基督一人在生命中作王么？
18 如此说来，因一次的过犯，众人都被定罪，照样，因一人的义行，众人也就被称义得生命了。
Context: Romans 5:17-18
17 For if by the transgression of the one, death reigned through the one, much more those who receive the abundance of grace and of the gift of righteousness will reign in life through the One, Jesus Christ.
18 So then as through one transgression there resulted condemnation to all men, even so through one act of righteousness there resulted justification of life to all men.
- 上帝使人成为义人的工作，乃是将基督的义归算给人。
Constitutive act is the imputation of righteousness.
罗4﹕6
正如戴维称那在行为以外，蒙上帝算为义的人是有福的。
Romans 4:6
just as David also speaks of the blessing on the man to whom God credits righteousness apart from works:
— 有了新的关系，需要宣告。
— New relation warrants declaration.
— 新的关系，必需有宣告。
— New relation demands declaration.
— 新的关系，是宣告的保证。
— New relation assures declaration.
- 上帝称义，包括使人成为义。
Justification includes the constitutive act.
罗5﹕16
因一人犯罪就定罪，也不如恩赐。原来审判是由一人而定罪，恩赐乃是由许多过犯而称义。
Rom. 5:16
The gift is not like {that which came} through the one who sinned; for on the one hand the judgment {arose} from one {transgression} resulting in condemnation, but on the other hand the free gift {arose} from many transgressions resulting in justification.
- 称义的根据。Ground of justification.
- 上帝称我们为义，不是因为我们本身有什么义。
Ground is not inherent righteousness.
- 天主教的观点﹕称义是在我们里面生出义；把义灌注在我们里。
Generated, infused in us (Roman Catholic view).
- 称义的根据，也不是我们自己（藉行为）作成的义。
The ground of justification is also not righteousness worked up by us – springing from us.
罗3﹕20
所以凡有血气的没有一个，因行律法，能在上帝面前称义。因为律法本是叫人知罪。
Rom. 3:20
because by the works of the Law no flesh will be justified in His sight; for through the Law {comes} the knowledge of sin.
罗4﹕2
倘若亚伯拉罕是因行为称义，就有可夸的。只是在上帝面前并无可夸。
Rom. 4:2
For if Abraham was justified by works, he has something to boast about, but not before God.
罗10﹕3-4
3 因为不知道上帝的义，想要立自己的义，就不服上帝的义了。
4 律法的总结就是基督，使凡信祂的都得着义。
Rom. 10:3-4
3 For not knowing about God’s righteousness and seeking to establish their own, they did not subject themselves to the righteousness of God.
4 For Christ is the end of the law for righteousness to everyone who believes.
加2﹕16
既知道人称义，不是因行律法，乃是因信耶稣基督，连我们也信了基督耶稣，使我们因信基督称义，不因行律法称义。因为凡有血气的，没有一人因行律法称义。
Gal. 2:16
Nevertheless knowing that a man is not justified by the works of the Law but through faith in Christ Jesus, even we have believed in Christ Jesus, so that we may be justified by faith in Christ and not by the works of the Law; since by the works of the Law no flesh will be justified.
加3﹕11
没有一个人靠着律法在上帝面前称义，这是明显的。因为经上说﹕义人必因信得生。
Gal. 3:11
Now that no one is justified by the Law before God is evident; for, “THE RIGHTEOUS MAN SHALL LIVE BY FAITH.”
加5﹕4
你们这要靠律法称义的，是与基督隔绝，从恩典中堕落了。
Gal. 5:4
You have been severed from Christ, you who are seeking to be justified by law; you have fallen from grace.
腓3﹕9
并且得以在祂里面，不是有自己因律法而得的义，乃是有信基督的义，就是因信上帝而来的义。
Phil. 3:9
and may be found in Him, not having a righteousness of my own derived from {the} Law, but that which is through faith in Christ, the righteousness which {comes} from God on the basis of faith,
多3﹕5
祂便救了我们，并不是因我们自己所行的义，乃是照祂的怜悯，借着重生的洗，和圣灵的更新。
Titus 3:5
He saved us, not on the basis of deeds which we have done in righteousness, but according to His mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewing by the Holy Spirit,
信心 vs. 行为？
Antithesis: faith vs. works (biblical works)
罗2﹕13
原来在上帝面前，不是听律法的为义，乃是行律法的称义。
Rom. 2:13
for {it is} not the hearers of the Law {who} are just before God, but the doers of the Law will be justified.
罗7﹕10
那本来叫人活的诫命，反倒叫我死。
Rom. 7:10
and this commandment, which was to result in life, proved to result in death for me;
罗10﹕5
摩西写着说﹕人若行那出于律法的义，就必因此活着。
Rom. 10:5
For Moses writes that the man who practices the righteousness which is based on law shall live by that righteousness.
- 称义的根据，必需是在人以外的义，是被归算给人的。
Ground must be an alien righteousness. Righteousness must be imputed.
- 称义是本乎恩典。
Justification is said to be by grace.
罗3﹕24-26
24 如今却蒙上帝的恩典，因基督耶稣的救赎，就白白的称义。
25 上帝设立耶稣作挽回祭，是凭着耶稣顺血，借着人的信，要显明上帝的义。因为祂用忍耐的信，宽容人先时所犯的罪。
26 好在今时显明祂的义，使人知道祂自己为义，也称信耶稣的人为义。
Rom. 3:24-26
24 being justified as a gift by His grace through the redemption which is in Christ Jesus;
25 whom God displayed publicly as a propitiation in His blood through faith. {This was} to demonstrate His righteousness, because in the forbearance of God He passed over the sins previously committed;
26 for the demonstration, {I say,} of His righteousness at the present time, so that He would be just and the justifier of the one who has faith in Jesus.
罗5﹕15-21
15 只是过犯不如恩赐。若因一人的过犯，众人都死了，何况上帝的恩典，与那因耶稣基督一人恩典中的赏赐，岂不更加倍的临到众人么？
16 因一人犯罪就定罪，也不如恩赐。原来审判是由一人而定罪，恩赐乃是由许多过犯而称义。
17 若因一人的过犯，死就因一人作了王，何况那些受洪恩又蒙所赐之义的，岂不更要因耶稣基督一人在生命中作王么？
18 如此说来，因一次的过犯，众人都被定罪，照样，因一次的义行，众人也就被称义得生命了。
19 因一人的悖逆，众人成为罪人，照样，因一人的顺从，众人也成为义了。
20 律法本是外添的，叫过犯显多。只是罪在那里显多，恩典就更显多了。
21 就如罪作王叫人死，照样，恩典也借着义作王，叫人因我们的主耶稣基督得永生。
Rom. 5:15-21
15 But the free gift is not like the transgression. For if by the transgression of the one the many died, much more did the grace of God and the gift by the grace of the one Man, Jesus Christ, abound to the many.
16 The gift is not like {that which came} through the one who sinned; for on the one hand the judgment {arose} from one {transgression} resulting in condemnation, but on the other hand the free gift {arose} from many transgressions resulting in justification.
17 For if by the transgression of the one, death reigned through the one, much more those who receive the abundance of grace and of the gift of righteousness will reign in life through the One, Jesus Christ.
18 So then as through one transgression there resulted condemnation to all men, even so through one act of righteousness there resulted justification of life to all men.
19 For as through the one man’s disobedience the many were made sinners, even so through the obedience of the One the many will be made righteous.
20 The Law came in so that the transgression would increase; but where sin increased, grace abounded all the more,
21 so that, as sin reigned in death, even so grace would reign through righteousness to eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.
- 称义，是在基督里称义。
Justification is in Jesus Christ.
徒13﹕39
你们靠摩西的律法，在一切不得称义的事上，信靠这人，就都得称义了。
Acts 13:39
and through Him everyone who believes is freed from all things, from which you could not be freed through the Law of Moses.
罗8﹕1
如今那些在基督耶稣里的，就不定罪了。
Rom. 8:1
Therefore there is now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus.
加2﹕17
我们若求在基督里称义，却仍旧事罪人，难道基督是叫人犯罪的么？断乎不是。
Gal. 2:17
“But if, while seeking to be justified in Christ, we ourselves have also been found sinners, is Christ then a minister of sin? May it never be!
弗1﹕7
我们藉这爱子的血，得蒙救赎，过犯得以赦免，乃是照祂丰富的恩典。
Eph. 1:7
In Him we have redemption through His blood, the forgiveness of our trespasses, according to the riches of His grace
— 我们在基督里与祂联合；在基督里，上帝将基督的义归算给我们。
— In union with Christ, Christ’s righteousness is imputed to us.
— 与基督联合是奥秘，但不是神秘主义。上帝归算基督的义，因为基督已经
成就了救赎大工。
— Union – mysterious, but not mysticism. Righteousness, imputed, proceeds
from Christ’s redemptive accomplishment.
罗3﹕24-25
24 如今却蒙恩典，因基督耶稣的救赎，救白白的称义。
25 上帝设立耶稣作挽回祭，是凭着耶稣的血，借着人的信，要显明上帝的义。因为祂用忍耐的信，宽容人先时所犯的罪。
Rom. 3:24-25
24 being justified as a gift by His grace through the redemption which is in Christ Jesus;
25 whom God displayed publicly as a propitiation in His blood through faith. {This was} to demonstrate His righteousness, because in the forbearance of God He passed over the sins previously committed;
罗5﹕9
现在我们既靠这祂的血称义，就更要藉这祂免去上帝的忿怒。
Rom. 5:9
Much more then, having now been justified by His blood, we shall be saved from the wrath {of God} through Him.
罗8﹕33-34
33 谁能控告上帝所拣选的人呢？又上帝称他们为义了。
34 谁能定他们的罪呢？有基督耶稣已经死了，而且从死里复活，现今在上帝的右边，也替我们祈求。
Rom. 8:33-34
33 Who will bring a charge against God’s elect? God is the one who justifies;
34 who is the one who condemns? Christ Jesus is He who died, yes, rather who was raised, who is at the right hand of God, who also intercedes for us.
林后5﹕18-21
18 一切都是出于上帝，祂借着基督使我们与祂和好，又将劝人与祂和好的职分赐给我们。
19 这就是上帝在基督里，叫世人与自己和好，不将他们的过犯归到他们身上。并且将这和好的道理托付了我们。
20 所以我们作基督的使者，就好像上帝藉我们劝你们一般。我们替基督求你们与上帝和好。
21 上帝使那无罪的，替我们成为罪。好叫我们在祂里面成为上帝的义。
II Cor. 5:18-21
18 Now all {these} things are from God, who reconciled us to Himself through Christ and gave us the ministry of reconciliation,
19 namely, that God was in Christ reconciling the world to Himself, not counting their trespasses against them, and He has committed to us the word of reconciliation.
20 Therefore, we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God were making an appeal through us; we beg you on behalf of Christ, be reconciled to God.
21 He made Him who knew no sin {to be} sin on our behalf, so that we might become the righteousness of God in Him.
— 借着祂的血，或﹕在祂的血里。意思是﹕借着祂成就了救赎。
— “In his blood” means – “in his redemptive accomplishment.”
- 上帝所归算给人的，是祂自己的义。
It is the righteousness of God that is imputed.
罗1﹕17
因为上帝的义，正在这福音上显明出来。这义使本于信，以致于信。如经上所记﹕义人必因信得生。
Rom. 1:17
For in it {the} righteousness of God is revealed from faith to faith; as it is written, “BUT THE RIGHTEOUS {man} SHALL LIVE BY FAITH.”
罗3﹕21，22
21 但如今上帝的义在律法以外已经显明出来，又律法和先知为证。
22 就是上帝的义，因信耶稣基督，加给一切相信的人，并没有分别。
Rom. 3:21, 22
21 But now apart from the Law {the} righteousness of God has been manifested, being witnessed by the Law and the Prophets,
22 even {the} righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ for all those who believe; for there is no distinction;
罗10﹕3
因为不知道上帝的义，想要立自己的义，就不服上帝的义了。
Rom. 10:3
For not knowing about God’s righteousness and seeking to establish their own, they did not subject themselves to the righteousness of God.
林后5﹕21
上帝使那无罪的，替我们成为罪。好叫我们在祂里面成为上帝的义。
II Cor. 5:21
He made Him who knew no sin {to be} sin on our behalf, so that we might become the righteousness of God in Him.
腓3﹕9
并且得以在祂里面，不是又自己因律法而得的义，乃是又信基督的义，就是因信上帝而来的义。
Phil. 3:9
and may be found in Him, not having a righteousness of my own derived from {the} Law, but that which is through faith in Christ, the righteousness which {comes} from God on the basis of faith,
- 所归算的义是﹕基督的义。
It is the righteousness of Jesus Christ that is imputed.
罗5﹕17-19
17 若因一人的过犯，死就因这一人作了王，何况那些受洪恩又蒙所赐之义的，岂不更因耶稣基督一人在生命中作王么？
18 如此说来，因一次的过犯，众人都悖定罪。照样，因一次的义行，众人也就被称义得生命了。
19 因一人的悖逆，众人成为罪人。照样，因一人的顺从，众人也成为义了。
Rom. 5:17-19
17 For if by the transgression of the one, death reigned through the one, much more those who receive the abundance of grace and of the gift of righteousness will reign in life through the One, Jesus Christ.
18 So then as through one transgression there resulted condemnation to all men, even so through one act of righteousness there resulted justification of life to all men.
19 For as through the one man’s disobedience the many were made sinners, even so through the obedience of the One the many will be made righteous.
林后5﹕21
上帝使那无罪的，替我们成为罪。好叫我们在祂里面成为上帝的义。
II Cor. 5:21
He made Him who knew no sin {to be} sin on our behalf, so that we might become the righteousness of God in Him.
- 林后5﹕21 在基督里，我们成为上帝的义。
II Cor. 5:21 In Jesus Christ we become the righteousness of God.
阅读：
温习：慕理，《再思救赎奇恩》，第二部分，第五章，『称义』。
网上阅读此书：www.godoor.com/book/library/html/theology/zsjsqe/content.html。
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