约翰慕理《罗马人书注释》卷1_18(罗5:1-2)
ROMANS V FRUITS OF JUSTIFICATION 称义的果子
主讲:林慈信牧师_校对:刘加立弟兄_英文:Cherry姐妹_文字:兰月姐妹
Verses 1-11 第5章1-11。我们先读第一节到第五节,我们先读慕理的英文翻译:
1 Being therefore justified by faith, we have peace with God through our lord Jesus Christ;【新译本】所以,我们既然因信称义,就借着我们的主耶稣基督与 神和好;
2 through whom also we have had our access by faith into this Grace wherein we stand; and we rejoice in the hope of the glory of God .我们也凭着信,借着祂可以进入现在所站的这恩典中,并且以盼望得享上帝的荣耀为荣。
3 And not only so 不但这样,but we also rejoice in our tribulations: 我们更以患难为荣,knowing that tribulation worketh stedfastness; 知道患难产生忍耐;
4 and steadfastness, approvedness; 忍耐产生毅力,和合本是“老练;”and approvedness hope: 毅力产生盼望;
5 and hope putteth not to shame; 盼望是不会令人蒙羞的;because the love of God has been shed abroad in our hearts through the Holy Spirit which was given unto us. 因为上帝借着所赐给我们的圣灵,把祂的爱浇灌在我们的心里。
第一节到第五节的引言。
At the beginning of this chapter we have the intimations of climactic and triumphant conclusion。在第五章一开始的时候,保罗暗示着一种得胜的高峰和结论。The “therefore” indicates所以,和合本没有“所以”,新译本保留了“所以”The “therefore” indicates这个所以就表示that an inference is being drawn from the doctrine that had been unfolded and demonstrated in the preceding chapters(3:21-4:25). 就表示保罗在这里从罗马书第三章21节到第四章25节所教导的教义做一个推论。
In verses 1-11从第一节到第11节the apostle exhibits the privileges which emanate from justification and belong to the justified. 保罗展示称义所带来的特权,这些特权是属于被称义的人的特权。We cannot escape the notes of assurance and exaltation– 我们无可避免地读到保罗那种确据和喜乐–“we exult in hope of the glory of God”;我们盼望得享上帝的荣耀为荣(verse 2第二节) ;“we glory in the tribulations”(verse 3) ; 我们更以患难为荣(第三节);“hope does not make us ashamed because the love of God is shed abroad in our hearts”(vs. 5); “盼望是不会令人蒙羞的,因为上帝借着所赐的圣灵把祂的爱浇灌在我们的心里”;“much more therefore having been justified now in his blood shall we be saved through him from the Wrath”(verse 9第九节);“所以我们现在既然因祂的血称义,就更要借着祂,免受上帝的愤怒”;(verse eleven 第11节) “we glory in God through our Lord Jesus Christ. 我们借着我们的主耶稣基督,也借着祂以上帝为荣”。What are the consequences flowing from justification which evoke such unrestrained rejoicing and assurance?那么称义是带来怎么样的后果而引发出保罗这种毫无保留的喜乐和确据呢?Examination of the text will show. 我们谨慎地研读这段经文,就会看到。
Romans five one罗马书5:1Being therefore justified by faith, we have peace with God through our lord Jesus Christ;和合本 : 我们既因信称义,就借着我们的主耶稣基督得与上帝相和;
1 The apostle places in the forefront “peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ”(vs. 1).保罗一开始说:“借着我们的主耶稣基督与上帝和好”。Peace with God 与上帝和好is a blessing coordinate with justification. 是与称义有相关的,相协调的一个福分。 The background of the latteris condemnation and submission to the wrath of God称义的背景就是人被定罪,人伏在上帝的愤怒之下and contemplates our acceptance with God as righteous. 称义的意思就是被上帝接纳为义人。
The background of the former is our alienation from God与上帝和好的背景就是我们本来是与上帝隔离的and it contemplates our instatement in the favor of God and in the light of his countenance. 那么与上帝和好的意思就是上帝设立我们,再一次能够活在祂的恩宠之下、在祂的面光之中这个地位。That peace with God should be given preeminence in the blessings accruing from justification is consonant with the status which justification secures. 与上帝和好,应该是在称义所带来的各种福分中占有首要地位的,应该是如此的,原文这个是符合称义所保证的、所确保的地位status 。
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“Peace with God” denotes relationship to God. “与神和好”是指人与上帝的关系。It is not the composure and tranquility of our minds and hearts;这里和好跟平安是同一个字,所以慕理解释“与神的平安”不是我们心中的平安、宁静;it is the status of peace 乃是和好这个地位flowing from the reconciliation是由与上帝和好、和睦所带来的地位(参考罗5:10,11)一个平安的、和睦的地位status of peace and reflects primarily upon God’s alienation from us and our reinstatement in his favor. 这个与神和好主要是反映出上帝原来是与我们隔离的,注意:上帝与我们隔离、隔绝,而我们现在再一次的被设立在祂的恩宠之下。
Peace of heart and mind proceeds from “peace with God”我们心中的平安是源自“与神的和好”and is a reflection in our consciousness of the relation established by justification. 心中的平安是在我们的意识中、在我们的心里面反映出称义所设立的关系,与神的关系。But it is the objective relation that is in view here when Paul speaks of “peace with God”. 但是当保罗论到“与上帝和好”的时候,他所论到的是这个客观的与神的关系。It is “through our Lord Jesus Christ” that we have this peace. 我们获得这个平安、这个和好是“借着我们的主耶稣基督”的。
The mediation of Christ is not dispensed with in the bestowment of privileges which proceed from justification,当上帝赐下称义所带来的特权的时候,并没有越过基督的中保大工,and this reminds us 这就提醒我们that our dependence upon the mediation of Christ is never suspended. 我们从来不会中断对基督中保大工的依靠的。就是说我们称义跟称义之后,从来不会不需要依靠耶稣基督中保大工的。All spiritual blessings are in Christ. 一切属灵的福分都是在基督里面的。But they are also enjoyed through Christ’s continued mediatorial activity. 但是我们享有这些福分都是借着基督不断的做中保的事工的。我们不单单领受这些福分,在基督里领受,而且不断的借着基督享受这些福分。
罗马书5:2 through whom also we have had our access by faith into this Grace wherein we stand; and we rejoice in hope of the glory of God .我来试试看直接翻译慕理的第二节:也是借着祂–就是耶稣基督,我们得到了这个特权,能够借着信心进入到我们所站在的恩典,而我们在盼望中因为上帝的荣耀而喜乐。【和合本】是这样说的,我们就借着祂因信得进入现在所站的这恩典中,并且欢欢喜喜盼望上帝的荣耀;
2 The emphasis placed upon the mediation of Christ in verse 1 is continued in verse 2–第一节强调基督的中保大工的重要性和必须性,第二节继续强调这一点– “through whom also we have access by faith into this Grace wherein we stand”. “也是借着祂我们凭信心能够进入到这个恩典,就是我们所站在的这个恩典”。Whatever difficulties belong to the interpretation of this verse不论对解释这节经文带来怎么样的困难they do not obscure the fact that 这些困难并不遮盖一件事,就是the primary thought is the mediation of Christ. 这节主要的要点就是基督的中保大工。The words “through whom also” make this clear这一节一开始的“through whom also”“也是借着祂”就领这一点非常的清楚。
The first question that arises is that of the Grace referred to. 第一个问题是这一节的恩典所指的是什么呢?There needs to be little doubt but the Grace in view is some Grace referred to in the preceding verse. 毫无疑问的,这里的恩典是在上一节,就是第一节所指的某一种的恩典。Since the emphasis falls upon the mediation of Christ既然保罗这里所强调的是基督的中保大工and 还有since the specification “this Grace” should naturally be taken to refer to that which had been specified,而“这恩典”很自然就是指前面所指出过的we should not look for some other privilege above and beyond that which had been already stated. 所以我们就不可以在第一节已经讨论过的事情以外去找恩典这个特权的意义。
To which then of the graces specified in verse 1 does verse 2 refer?那么第二节所指的恩典是第一节所讲到的哪一个恩典呢?If it were “peace with God”,then there would be unnecessary repetition. 假如第二节的恩典是指“与神和好”的话,那保罗就做了一个不必要的重复了。In verse 1 “peace with God” is stated expressly to be through Christ,保罗在第一节已经明说“与神和好”是借着,或者透过基督的大工的;and in reference to this mediation it would not be good sense to say “through whom also” if the same grace or benefit is in view. 假如第二节“也是借着祂”就是基督的中保大工来讲同一个恩典的话,就不太合理。
第二个观点The expression “through whom also”保罗在这里说“也借着他”–基督这个表述compels us, therefore, to think of the other grace mentioned in verse 1,就催逼我们必须在第一节去找另外那个恩典,namely, justification. 这另外一个恩典就是称义。And the main thought of verse 2 is, therefore, to stress the fact所以第二节主要的思想是要强调it is through the mediation of Christ that we have been instated in the grace of justification,要强调的事就是原文基督中保的大工,上帝设立我们在称义这个恩典里面,the grace of justification称义的恩典里面, a grace represented as one in which we have come to stand–而保罗说我们已经站在这个恩典中–it is an abiding and immovable status arising from a past action. 这是一个永久性的地位,一个不会动摇的地位;都是原文过去的作为,当然就是上帝和基督的作为。
A question arises 这里又来一个问题,第二个问题as to the precise import of the word “access”. 那个“进入”得以进入access,这个字的精准的意思是什么呢?Does it mean introduction or access?有两个可能,第一这个进入是指被引进去,还是我们能够进去的权利呢?被引进去introduction,还是能进入的权利access?In the former,假如是第一个解释,就是被引进去的话 then the accent falls upon the action of Christ as mediator in bringing us nigh to God and instating us in this grace. 那么所强调的侧重点是耶稣基督的中保的作为,祂引领我们去亲近上帝,耶稣基督设立我们在这个恩典中。
If the latter,假如是第二个观点access的话,then the accent falls upon our approach to God in drawing nigh. 那么保罗的侧重点就是在讲我们能够来亲近上帝。 Paul’s use of this same term elsewhere (Eph. 2:18;3:12) favors the latter interpretation保罗在其他经文也用这个词汇,(用词法以弗所书第二章18节和以弗所书第三章12节)支持这里的第二种的解释,就是我们能够进入的特权我们来读以弗所书2:18,因为我们两下藉着祂被一个圣灵所感,得以进到父面前。以弗所书3:12节,我们因信耶稣,就在他里面放胆无惧,笃信不疑地来到上帝面前。)
and in that event 若是如此the privilege afforded believers of free access to God is placed in the foreground. 这里要突显的乃是信徒们要领受的特权,free access to God,能够白白来的上帝的目前。
Hence, 因此,while the mediation of Christ in the bestowment of justification is the leading thought of the verse,是的,基督做中保,赐称义这个恩典是第二节的重要思想,yet in connection with this grace of justification the particular emphasis falls upon the fact that the free access approach to God, which the Grace of justification imparts, is itself mediated through Christ.但是在称义这个恩典上,保罗特别强调一件事实,就是称义所带来的特权,白白的能够来到上帝面前的特权本身也是借着基督的中保的工作而得到的。再来一次,不单单是称义是借着基督中保大工,我们现在能够来到上帝面前这个特权也是透过基督的中保工作的。
Even in our drawing nigh to God with confidence we are dependent upon Christ’s mediation–就算是在我们充满着确信来亲近上帝,这件事情也是依靠基督中保的工作的,换言之,每次我们祷告都是依靠基督的–it is through him that we have come to have access是借着基督我们有这个够亲近上帝的特权and this access is an abiding privilege这个特权是永久性的特权 resultant upon the action which justification involves. 是上帝称义这个作为所带来的、所牵涉到的一个结果。The element of acceptance with God, as an implicate of justification is no doubt in the forefront,毫无疑问,保罗所强调的乃是被上帝所接纳,这个是称义所暗示的,since that aspect of justification is particularly appropriate to the thought of great access. 因为称义的这个层面,就是为上帝所接纳这个层面,也适合于能够亲近上帝这个特权的概念的。再来,称义所暗示的就是上帝接纳,而上帝接纳我们是特别适合我们能够来的上帝目前的特权的,因为上帝已经接纳我们了。
It is difficult to ascertain with which of the preceding clauses the last clause of verse 2 is to be taken. 那么第二节最后的从句是与前面哪一个从句相关呢?
现在来到第三个解经的问题了:很难确定的一件事是第二节最后的从句是与前面哪一个从句相关呢?(第二节最后的从句是“并且欢欢喜喜盼望上帝的荣耀”【新译本】“并且以盼望得享上帝的荣耀为荣”),这个是与前面哪一个从句有关的呢?罗马书第五章第二节最后一个从句clause 就是“并且欢欢喜喜盼望上帝的荣耀”,【新译本】并且以盼望得享上帝的荣耀为荣,这个又是要跟前面的第一节跟第二节上哪一个概念、哪一个从句连接起来呢?
我们下一讲继续来讲。
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