末世论_20 以色列全家归主
Systematic Theology:Eschatology,Session 20
系统神学末世论第20讲
主讲:林慈信牧师_校对:刘加立弟兄_英文:陈弟兄_中文:自由的荣耀弟兄
B.Great Events Preceding the Parousia.基督再来之前要发生的伟大的事情。
According to Scripture several important events must occur before the return of the Lord,根据圣经,主回来之前有几件重要的事情必定会发生的,and therefore it cannot be called imminent.因此,我们不能称主的再来为马上、即将发生的事。In the light of Scripture根据圣经的亮光,it cannot be maintained that there are no predicted events which must still come to pass before the second coming.根据圣经给我们的亮光呢,我们不能坚持说,在主再来之前,没有一些圣经预告过的事情是必须发生的。
As might be expected in view of what was said in the preceding,根据前文所说的,我们可以预期看到,Frost,in spite of his dispensationalism,rejects the doctrine of imminence.“Frost”这位神学家,虽然他是时代论者,但是,他不接受主必马上就回来,就是说,主再来之前没有什么其他事情必须发生的这个立场。He prefers to speak of the coming of Christ as “impending.” 他愿意称主的再来为”impending”,英文”impending”跟“imminent”这两个字可以有点的区分。就是说,他会用另外一个字来讲“主必快来”。
Support for the doctrine of the imminence of the return of Christ is found in Scripture statements to the effect that Christ is coming after “a very little while,” Heb. 10:37; 有人从经文那里找到一些——主的再来是马上要发生的事情——的经文的根据。他们认为,圣经是这样说的,说:还有一点点的时候,基督就要来了。
Heb. 10:37;希伯来书第十章37节说:“因为还有一点点时候,那要来的就来,并不迟延。
or “quickly,” Rev. 22:7 ;或者是Rev. 22:7 ;启示录二十二章第七节的“快要来”:看哪,我必快来。
in exhortations to watch and wait for His coming,还有,圣经劝告信徒们,要警醒等候主的再来。
Matt. 24:42; 马太福音二十四章42节:所以,你们要警醒,因为不知道你们的主是哪一天来到。
Matt. 25:13 ; 马太福音二十五章13节:所以,你们要警醒,因为那日子、那时辰,你们不知道。”
Rev. 16:15;启示录十六章15节:(看哪,我来像贼一样。那警醒、看守衣服,免得赤身而行,叫人见他羞耻的有福了!)
and in the fact that还有另外一个事实就是,Scripture condemns the person who saith,”My Lord tarrieth” (or,”delayeth his coming”),圣经谴责说“我的主迟迟还没有回来”的这种的人。
Matt. 24:48. 马太福音二十四章48节:倘若那恶仆心里说:‘我的主人必来得迟’,
下面是伯克富的回应。
Jesus did indeed teach that His coming was near,不错,主耶稣的确教导说,他的再来近了,but this is not the same as teaching that it was imminent.但是,这不等于说,主马上要回来。In the first place首先,it should be borne in mind that in speaking of His coming,He does not always have in mind the eschatological coming.我们必须记得,当主说到他的再来的时候,他不是每一次都是指那个末世的再来的。
Sometimes He refers to His-coming in spiritual power on the day of Pentecost;有时候,他所指的是他带着圣灵的大能,在五旬节那天的再来。sometimes to His coming in judgment in the destruction of Jerusalem. 有的时候,主所指的是,他要来审判,耶路撒冷要被毁灭。In the second place其次,第二,He and the apostles teach us that several important events had to occur before His physical return at the last day,他和使徒们都教导我们,告诉我们,在他亲自、亲身在末日回来之前,有几件重要的事必须先发生的。经文有马太福音二十四章5到14节,21节,22节,29到31节,帖后二章2到4节。
Therefore He could not very well regard and represent His coming as imminent.因此,主耶稣不可能认为,也表达说他的再来是马上要发生的事。It is evident also that,when He spoke of His coming as near,He did not mean to represent it as immediately at hand. 同样显明的是,当主说,他的再来近了,他的意思不是说,马上就在眼前的意思。In the parable of the pounds在主人发银子给仆人的比喻里,He teaches that the Lord of the servants came to reckon with them “after a long time,” Matt. 25:19.主教导说,仆人们的主人呢,经过很长的时候之后来和他们算账的。
Matt. 25:19.马太福音二十五章19节:过了许久,那些仆人的主人来了,和他们算账。
And the parable of the pounds was spoken for the very purpose of correcting the notion “that the kingdom of God should immediately appear,” Luke 19:11.而这个银子的比喻,就是为了要纠正一个错误的概念,就是上帝的国马上就要显现。
Luke 19:11.路加福音十九章11节:众人正在听见这些话的时候,耶稣因为将近耶路撒冷,又因他们以为上帝的国快要显出来,就另设一个比喻,说:
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In the parable of the ten virgins十个童女的比喻,the bridegroom is represented as “tarrying,” Matt. 25:5.新郎是迟迟不来的。
Matt. 25:5.马太福音二十五章5节:新郎迟延的时候,她们都打盹、睡着了。
This is in harmony with what Paul says in II Thess. 2:2. 这个与保罗在帖撒罗尼迦后书二章2节所说的是符合的。Peter predicted that scoffers would arise saying,”Where is the day of His coming?”彼得也预告说,有一些藐视上帝的人会这样说,他来的日子在哪里呢?And he teaches his readers to understand the predictions of the nearness of the second coming from the divine point of view,彼得也教导他的读者们,要从上帝的角度来理解关于主再来近了这些的预言。according to which而上帝的观点就是,one day is as a thousand years,and a thousand years as one day,一日如千年,千年如一日,彼得后书第三章3到9节。
To teach that Jesus regarded the second coming as immediately at hand,would be to represent Him as in error,若教导人说,耶稣基督认为他的再来是马上就在眼前的话,这样子就等于说,主耶稣搞错了。since almost two thousand years have already elapsed since that time.因为,自从主讲话之后,已经有2000年的历史了。Now the question can be raised,但是,我们可以问一个问题,How can we then be urged to watch for the coming? 那么,我们如何被催逼要警醒等候主的再来呢?
Jesus teaches us in Matt. 24:32,33耶稣在马太福音二十四章32、33节教导我们的,to watch for the coming through the signs:要借着看到这些的预兆,来等候主的再来。”when ye see all these things,know ye that He is nigh.”你们看见这一切的事,该知道人子近了,正在门口了。Moreover,we need not interpret the exhortation to watch as an exhortation to scan the heavens for immediate signs of the Lord’s appearance.我们也不必这样来解释,主劝告我们警醒等候,认为我们因此就要在天体里面去找一些主必很快显现的一些的预兆,不要这样做的。
We should rather see in it 我们要看到的乃是,an admonition to be awake,乃是主劝告我们要警醒,to be alert,不沉睡,to be prepared,预备好,to be active in the work of the Lord,在主的圣工上积极地参与,lest we be overtaken by sudden calamity. 免得突然之间来的患难就临到我们。这段是,基督再来之前要发生的大事。我们开始来讲这些的大事,一一地来讨论。
1.第一件事:THE CALLING OF THE GENTILES.外邦人蒙召(上帝要呼召外邦人)。
Several passages of the New Testament point to the fact that the gospel of the Kingdom must be preached to all nations before the return of the Lord,新约圣经里面好几段经文指出,天国的福音必定要传到万国,然后才回来的。
Matt. 24:14; 马太福音二十四章第14节:这天国的福音要传遍天下,对万民作见证,然后末期才来到。”
Mark 13:10;马可福音十三章第10节:然而,福音必须先传给万民。
Rom. 11:25罗马书第十一章25节:弟兄们,我不愿意你们不知道这奥秘(恐怕你们自以为聪明),就是以色列人有几分是硬心的,等到外邦人的数目添满了,
Many passages testify to the fact that the Gentiles will enter the Kingdom in goodly numbers during the new dispensation,好几段经文做出一个见证,就是外邦人在新约的时代,会有大量的进入到天国的。
Matt. 8:11;马太福音八章11节:(主耶稣说)我又告诉你们:从东从西,将有许多人来,在天国里与亚伯拉罕、以撒、雅各一同坐席;
Matt. 13:31,32;马太福音十三章31、32节:他又设个比喻对他们说:“天国好像一粒芥菜种,有人拿去种在田里。这原是百种里最小的,等到长起来,却比各样的菜都大,且成了树,天上的飞鸟来宿在它的枝上。”
Luke 2:32; 路加福音二章32节:是照亮外邦人的光,又是你民以色列的荣耀。”
Acts 15:14;使徒行传十五章14节:方才西门述说上帝当初怎样眷顾外邦人,从他们中间选取百姓归于自己的名下,
Rom. 9:24-26;罗马书九章24到26节:这器皿就是我们被上帝所召的,不但是从犹太人中,也是从外邦人中。这有什么不可呢?就像上帝在何西阿书上说:“那本来不是我子民的,我要称为我的子民;本来不是蒙爱的,我要称为蒙爱的。从前在什么地方对他们说,你们不是我的子民,将来就在那里称他们为永生上帝的儿子。”
Eph. 2:11-20,以弗所书二章11到20节:所以你们应当记念,你们从前按肉体是外邦人,是称为没受割礼的,这名原是那些凭人手在肉身上称为受割礼之人所起的。那时,你们与基督无关,在以色列国民以外,在所应许的诸约上是局外人,并且活在世上没有指望,没有上帝。你们从前远离上帝的人,如今却在基督耶稣里,靠着他的血,已经得亲近了。因他使我们和睦(原文作“因他是我们的和睦”),将两下合而为一,拆毁了中间隔断的墙,而且以自己的身体废掉冤仇,就是那记在律法上的规条,为要将两下藉着自己造成一个新人,如此便成就了和睦。既在十字架上灭了冤仇,便藉这十字架使两下归为一体,与上帝和好了,并且来传和平的福音给你们远处的人,也给那近处的人。因为我们两下藉着他被一个圣灵所感,得以进到父面前。这样,你们不再作外人和客旅,是与圣徒同国,是上帝家里的人了。并且被建造在使徒和先知的根基上,有基督耶稣自己为房角石,
and many passages. 还有很多的新约的经文的。But those indicated above clearly refer to the evangelization of all nations as the goal of history.但是上面所指的经文,是指着向万国传福音,就是历史的目标。Now it will hardly do to say that the gospel has already been proclaimed among all peoples,那么,我们不可以说,福音已经在万民中传开了。nor that the labors of a single missionary in each one of the nations of the world would meet all the requirements of the statement of Jesus. 也不能说,只要世界上每个国家有一个宣教士就满足了耶稣所讲的要求了。
On the other hand反过来说,it is equally impossible to maintain that the words of the Saviour call for the preaching of the gospel to every individual of the different nations of the world.我们同样不可以坚持说,我们主的话是要求福音传给每一个世上的国家的每一个个人。They do require,however,that those nations as nations shall be thoroughly evangelized可是主的确要求说,世界上的国家,身为国家有福音彻底地在那里传开,so that the gospel becomes a power in the life of the people,a sign that calls for decision.好叫福音在人民的生活中成为一股的力量,福音成为一个记号,呼吁人作出决定。It must be preached to them for a testimony,福音要传给他们作为一个见证,so that it can be said that an opportunity was given them to choose for or against Christ and His Kingdom.以至于我们可以说,他们已经有了机会选择,要基督和他的国度或者是敌对基督和他的国度。
These words clearly imply这些的话清楚地暗示着说,that the great commission must be carried out in all the nations of the world,in order to make disciples of all nations,that is,from among the people of all those nations.暗示着是必须要遵行大使命,在世界上所有的国家,好叫我们使每个国家的人民做基督的门徒。也就是说从不同的国家、所有的国家的人民中,有门徒,做主的门徒。They do not justify the expectation,however,that all the nations will as a whole accept the gospel,可是这个并不支持做一种的错误的期待,就是每一个世上的国家全体接受福音。but only that it will find adherents in all the nations and will thus be instrumental只不过是说,我们会期待,在每一个国家都会有基督的跟随者,and will thus be instrumental in bringing in the fulness of the Gentiles.这些的信徒或者教会们,就是上帝的器皿,让外邦人的整全的数目被带进来。At the end of time it will be possible to say到了历史的终结的时候,我们就有可能这样说,that all nations were made acquainted with the gospel,世界上所有的国家都认识,或者现在对福音并不陌生了,认识福音,and the gospel will testify against the nations that did not accept it.而福音对那些不接受福音的不同的国家,就成为控告他们的见证。
It will readily be understood from what we said in the preceding that many dispensationalists have quite a different view of the matter.从我们上面所讲的,我们就可以很自然地看出,很多时代论者对这件事情的看法是非常的不一样的。They do not believe that the evangelization of the world need be,nor that it will be,completed before the parousia,which is imminent. 他们并不相信,福音传遍全世界,是在基督的再来之前,也不必是如此,而基督的再来呢,是马上在眼前要发生的事。
According to them根据时代论者,it will really begin at that time.到了基督再来的时候,真正的福音传给万国才真地开始了。They point out that the gospel indicated in Matt. 24:14 他们指出,在马太福音24章14节所指的福音,is not the gospel of the grace of God in Jesus Christ,那个不是上帝在基督耶稣里恩典的福音,but the gospel of the Kingdom,which is quite different,乃是天国的福音,而这个是非常不同的福音,the good news that the Kingdom is once more at hand.这个天国的福音就是一个好消息,说,上帝的国再一次地非常非常靠近了。
After the Church has been removed from this earthly scene,教会从地上被提离开之后呢,and with it the indwelling Holy Spirit has gone同时呢,圣灵的内住也结束了,which really means,after Old Testament conditions have been restored,真正的意思就是说,当旧约时期的情况再次恢复之后,then the gospel with which Jesus began His ministry will again be preached.到了那个时候呢,耶稣基督开始传道时所传的福音呢,又再次被传出去了。It will be preached at first by those who were converted by the very removal of the Church,是谁来传这个的天国的福音呢?首先,就是因为教会不在了而归正信主的人,第二,later on perhaps by converted Israel and a special messenger,后来可能由归正的信主的以色列或者一个特别的使者来传,or,particularly during the great tribulation,特别在大灾难的时候,by the believing remnant of Israel. 由那些以色列里的信主的余民来传讲。好,我们总结一下,主再来之后,就有这个天国的福音,不是耶稣的福音,是天国的福音,特别犹太人等等在那个时候传出去。
我们下次继续来讲时代论的立场、伯克富的分析和回应。
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