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Redemption Accomplished and Applied part1-section3

《再思救赎奇恩》第一部分第三讲。

主讲:林慈信牧师_校对:刘加立_文字:cherry

我们在讲圣经里面有哪些的经文,哪些的考虑让我们认为呢这个后果性的绝对必须性这个理论,这观点是正确的。就是说上帝既然在永恒里已经意旨、已经决定了要拯救祂的选民了因此就必须、绝对必须透过十字架的流血的替罪的、赎罪的方法来成就。

3.第三个考虑,Such passages as Hebrews 1:1-3; 2:9-18; 9:9-14, 22-28 teach very plainly 希伯来书这些的经文:第一章一到三节,第二章9-18节,第九章9-14节和22-28节很明显的教导,that the efficacy of Christ’s work 基督救赎大工的有效性efficacy,is contingent upon the unique constitution of Christ’s person.乃是在于基督的位格是如何独特的构成的,constitution这个字呢,天道书楼的中译本翻成“性质”,constitution就是由哪些因素构成的,基督的位格的构成,就是神人二性,是独特的,这个使基督的救赎大工有效。This fact does not of itself establish the point in question.基督独特的位置,这个事实本身并不能够证明我们这里所讨论的立场。就是后果性的绝对必须性。

But contextual considerations reveal further implications.但是若考虑到上下文呢,就会显示出更多的含义。The emphasis in these passages这几段经文所强调的重点 rests upon the finality, perfection, and transcendent efficacy of Christ’s sacrifice.这几章经文所强调的是根据基督的牺牲的终极性finality,完美性,perfection,和超越的有效性transcendent efficacy。Such finality, perfection, and efficacy are necessitated 基督的赎罪的终极性、完美性和有效性是必须的,为什么呢?是由于by the gravity of sin罪人的罪的严重性, and sin must be effectively removed if salvation is to be realized. 若要实现救恩的话,罪必须有效地除掉。

It is this consideration that gives such strength to the necessity, spoken of in 9:23, to the effect that while the patterns of things in the heavenlies should be purified with the blood of goats and calves, the heavenly things themselves should be purified by the blood of none other than the Son.就是因为这个考虑,因此呢,第九章第23节所讲的必须性是这么强的一点。祂要讲的果效,就是祂要说明的就是:在天上的事情的样式。就是说在地上的会幕跟圣殿呢必须要有牛羊的血来洁净。但是天上的事就是天上的耶路撒冷,天上的会幕,圣殿那就必须有神的儿子的宝血来洁净,其他的是不足够的,none other than the Son。

In other words, 换言之,there is stated to be a necessity 九章23节这里指出一个的必须性that can be met by nothing less than the blood of Jesus. 若不是耶稣的宝血,没有比它更低的宝血可以满足这个必须性的。But the blood of Jesus is blood that has the requisite efficacy and virtue only by reason of the fact that he who is the Son, the effulgence of the Father’s glory and the express image of his substance, became himself also partaker of flesh and blood and thus was able by one sacrifice to perfect all those who are sanctified. 但是耶稣基督的宝血是怎么样一种的宝血呢?就是因为祂是神的儿子,是父神荣耀的光辉,是父神本质的真相,但是却成为血肉之身,因此,能够通过一次的牺牲,使那些被成圣的人得以完全。就是耶稣的宝血就是这种的神的儿子的宝血,因此,就有必须要有的有效性和功能,或者是能力,virtue这个词可以翻成”美德”,也可以翻成“能力”的,power。

我再讲一次,就是因为这这样子的神的儿子,父神的光辉、父神本质的真相等等,却又取血肉之躯,一次过可以成全选民的救恩,是这样的圣子的牺牲,因此,祂所流的宝血就有这个救赎计划必须要有的有效性和能力。

It is surely not an unwarranted inference to conclude因此我们做做下面的结论呢,并不是一种没有支持的推论的,什么的推论什么的结论呢?就是 that the thought here presented is that 九章23节所呈现的概念来说only such a person我有这么一个的位格,基督这样的一个位格, offering such a sacrifice献上这样的一个的献祭, could have dealt with sin 才能够处理罪的问题so as to remove it 怎么处理呢?就是除掉罪and could have made such purification 并且做出这样子的洁净as would secure for the many sons to be brought to glory access into the very holiest of the divine presence. 能够做到这样的一个洁净,是为了那些进入荣耀的众子呢,保障了进入到上帝同在的至圣所,保证这个的权利。And this is but saying that 这个只不过是说什么呢the blood-shedding of Jesus was necessary to the ends contemplated and secured.只不过是说呢,耶稣的流血为了上帝所构思的目标,上帝所保障的目标是必须的。为了上帝所构思的目标,为了上帝所保证要达到的目标呢,耶稣的流血是必须的。

There are other considerations, also, which may be derived from these passages在这些的经文还可以推论出更多的考虑的, especially Hebrews 9:9-14, 22-28.特别是希伯来书第九章9-14节和22-28节。They are the considerations which arise from the fact什么考虑呢?这些的考虑是来自下面的一个事实 that Christ’s own sacrifice is the great exemplar after which the Levitical sacrifices were patterned.这这个事实就是耶稣基督祂自己的牺牲,祂所献上的祭,是旧约利未制度的祭司们所效法的那个的典范、那个的样式the great exemplar。We often think of 我们一般想到的是the Levitical sacrifices as providing the pattern for the sacrifice of Christ.我们一般想到的是,利未制度的献祭提供了基督献上自己的样式。

This direction of thought is not improper这样思维的方向并不不正当,是OK的 — the Levitical sacrifices do furnish us with the categories in terms of which we are to interpret the sacrifice of Christ利未制度的献祭制度呢,是提供了给我们一些的范畴,也是概念,根据这些的概念呢,我们来阐释基督的牺牲的, particularly the categories of expiation, propitiation, and reconciliation. 特别是那一些的概念呢?就是赎罪expiation,挽回祭propitiation。与神和好reconciliation,或者上帝与我们和好reconciliation。But this line of thought is not the characteristic one in Hebrews 9. 但是这个思维的路线的,并不是希伯来书第九章特别思路的路线。

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The thought is specifically that 希伯来书第九章特别明确的思路乃是说:the Levitical sacrifices were patterned after the heavenly exemplar第九章的思路是,利未制度的献祭是效仿天上的模式 — they were “patterns of the things in the heavens” (Heb. 9:23).希伯来书第九章第23节,是这样说的:按照天上样式做的事情,物件必须用这些祭物去洁净,但那天上的本物自然当用更美的祭物去洁净。Hence the necessity for the blood offerings of the Levitical economy arose from the fact that the exemplar after which they were fashioned was a blood offering, the transcendent blood offering by which the heavenly things were purified. 因此,利未祭司制度的流血的献祭为什么是必须呢?是来自下面这个事实,是因为他们所效法的那个天上的模式是一个流血的献祭,这个是一个超越的、流血的献上,来洁净天上的事物的。就是说在天上的圣殿那里流出的宝血,在天上洁净上帝选民的罪呢,这个是典范,旧约祭司献祭的制度是效仿那个的典范。

The necessity of blood-shedding in the Levitical ordinance is simply a necessity arising from the necessity of blood-shedding in the higher realm of the heavenly. 在旧约利未祭司献祭那个制度,那个律例典章为什么必须呢?流血是必须的呢?就是因为在天上的那个圣所里面的流血是必须的。因此地上是必须的,旧约是必须的。Now our question is所以现在我们的问题呢是什么呢: what kind of necessity is this that obtained in the realm of the heavenly? 在天上所存在的obtained,的必须性是怎么一种的必须性呢?Was it merely hypothetical or was it absolute?是一个假设性的必须性呢?还是一个绝对的必须性呢?

The following observations will indicate the answer. 下面一些的观察呢,就指出答案是什么。a、b、c三方便的考虑。

(a)The emphasis of the context is 上下文所强调的重点乃是呢that the transcendent efficacy of Christ’s sacrifice is required by the exigencies arising from sin. 基督献上自己这种的超越的有效性是必须的,因为罪所带来的急切性是要求这种的有效的献祭的。因为罪是这么严重的问题啊,这么迫切性的问题。And these exigencies are not hypothetical 这些的迫切性并不是假设的— they are absolute. 是绝对的迫切的。The logic of this emphasis upon the intrinsic gravity of sin and the necessity of its removal 这里所强调的乃是罪本质上是那么严重,而且必须要除掉罪,这个重点的逻辑呢does not comport with the idea of hypothetical necessity就不符合这个假设性的必须性,与它不一致的 — the reality and gravity of sin 罪是这么的真,罪是这么严重make effective expiation indispensable因此呢,有效的赎罪expiation, 是不可或缺的, and that is to say absolutely necessary.也就是说呢,是绝对必须的,因为罪是这么严重,所以流血的赎罪是绝对必须的。

(b)The precise nature of Christ’s priestly offering 基督的身为祭司的献上,祂这个献上的本质,这个精准的本质the nature,and the efficacy of his sacrifice而基督所献上的祭的有效性,这个献祭是什么?祂的献祭是怎么样的有效, are bound up with the constitution of his person.是与祂的位格的构成,祂的位格的性质不可分开的。就是因为祂是这么样的一个的位格,因此呢,祂献上这样的一个祭,祂这个祭是这样的有效。 If there was the necessity for such a sacrifice in order to remove sin假如必须要有这种的献祭才能够除掉罪的话呢,假如有这种的必须性 none other but he could offer such a sacrifice. 除了基督这样的一个位格,就是完全是神却取了人性,只有祂这样的位格,没有任何其他的位格可以献上这样的祭。And this amounts to the necessity of such a person offering such a sacrifice. 这里的结论就是说,必须要有这样的位格献上这样的献祭。

(c)In this passage the heavenly things in connection with which Christ’s blood was shed are called true.在这段经文,基督流血献祭之所在那天上的事物呢,被称为是真实的,是真实的。天上的本物true,真的。The contrast implied is not true as opposed to false or real as opposed to fictitious. 这里所暗示的对照,不是说真与假,或者是真实和虚构,不是的。It is the heavenly as contrasted with the earthly乃是属天的对照属地的,中文是翻??, the eternal with the temporary永恒的对照于暂时的, the complete with the partial完整的对照与部分的, the final with the provisional最后的和暂定的,the abiding with that which passes away. 永存的对照与必然成为过去的。

When we think of the sacrifice of Christ as offered in connection with things answering to that characterization — heavenly, eternal,complete, final,abiding,假如我们想到基督所献上的祭是满足这些的特性的要求,就是属天的、永恒的、完整的、最后的、长存的, is it not impossible to think of this sacrifice as only hypothetically necessary 假如说这个只不过是一个假设性的必需的献祭,岂不是不可能的,不可能这样想嘛,in the accomplishment of God’s design of bringing many sons to glory? 因为这种的献祭呢,是成就了上帝的计划,使众子进入到荣耀,你不可以说这是假设性的,是可以,不是这样做也可以这样做,不可以这样想。If the sacrifice of Christ is only hypothetically necessary假如基督的献祭只不过是假设性的必须的话,then the heavenly things in connection with which it had relevance and meaning were also only hypothetically necessary. 那么天上的那些事物,就是基督的祭关联的那天上的事物,他们的适切性、他们的意义也只不过是假设性的必须的咯。And that is surely a difficult hypothesis.这个假设是非常难坚持下去的。

The sum of the matter is 结论是that a necessity (Heb. 9:23) for the blood-shedding of Christ unto the remission of sins (vers. 14, 22, 26) is here propounded 结论就是说,希伯来书第九章23节这里讲到一种的必须性,耶稣基督流血是必须的,以至于罪得赦免,希伯来书九章14,22,26节,是希伯来书九章所教导的and it is a necessity without reservation or qualification. 毫无保留的,没有其他条件的一个绝对的必须性。好了,这是讲完第3个的考虑。

现在来的第四个。

4.The salvation which the election of grace involves on either view of the necessity of the atonement is salvation from sin unto holiness and fellowship with God.不论你用哪一个,那两派的哪一派的救赎必须性的观点呢,上帝的恩典的拣选所涉及到的救恩,就是上帝拣选所要成就的救赎呢,是救赎人离开罪,进入圣洁与上帝相交的这种的拯救。But if we are to think of salvation thus conceived in terms that are compatible with the holiness and righteousness of God假如我们要想到这种的救赎,就是脱离罪,进入的圣洁,与神相交,而这种的拯救要符合上帝的圣洁和公义的话呢, this salvation must embrace not merely the forgiveness of sin 这种的拯救必须包含,不仅仅是包含赦罪but also justification.必须要包括称义,这样子这个上帝的拣选所要达成的,救恩才能够符合祂的圣洁、他的公义的,一定要包含称义。And it must be a justification that takes account of our situation as condemned and guilty. 这个的称义呢就必须考虑到我们是被定罪的,有罪孽的这个情况。Such a justification implies the necessity of a righteousness that will be adequate to our situation.这种的称义呢,就暗示着必须要有一种的公义是足够解决我们的困境的。Grace indeed reigns是的恩典必作王 but a grace reigning apart from righteousness is not only not actual; it is inconceivable.但是这种做王的恩典呢,假如没有公义的话,不单是不具体的,不是事实上的恩典做王,是不可思议的。

Now,what righteousness is equal to the justification of sinners?怎么样的公义才能够满足使罪人称义的呢?The only righteousness conceivable 唯一可以想象到的that will meet the requirements of our situation as sinners 能够满足我们作罪人的困境and meet the requirements of a full and irrevocable justification又满足上帝这种的完全的、不会撤回的称义的要求的话 is the righteousness of Christ. 唯有基督的义才能够成就这种的称义。This implies his obedience 这就暗示着基督的顺服and therefore his incarnation,death, and resurrection.所以因此呢,就暗示着祂的道成肉身,祂的死和祂的复活。

In a word,the necessity of the atonement is inherent in and essential to justification. 换言之,救赎是必须的。这个必须性是称义本质上就有,而且是称义的核心的意义部分。就是说耶稣基督的流血、替罪、赎罪呢,在称义这方面呢必须的。A salvation from sin divorced from justification is an impossibility若没有称义的一种的上帝拯救人脱离罪是不可能的 and justification of sinners without the God-righteousness of the Redeemer is unthinkable.说上帝使罪人称义,却没有这个救赎主的这种的上帝的义呢,是不可思议的。

We can hardly escape the relevance of Paul’s word我们不可以逃避保罗在加拉太书第三章第21节所讲的话: “For if a law had been given which could make alive, verily righteousness would have been by the law” (Gal. 3:21). 加拉太书第三章第21节,“这样的律法是与上帝的应许反对么?断然不是!若传一个能叫人得生的律法,义就诚然本乎律法了。”What Paul is insisting upon is that保罗在这里所坚持的乃是说 if justification could have been secured by any other method than that of faith in Christ假如可以不透过信基督而保证人可以称义,假如这种方法存在的话, by that method it would have been.上帝就可以用那种方法。但是那种方法是不存在的,不可思议的。所以呢流血的赎罪对称义是必须的。这是第四个考虑。

下讲我们介绍第五个考虑。We will continue with our 5th consideration in our next section.

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