REDEMPTION Accomplished and Applied part 2-session 16
主讲:林慈信牧师_校对:刘加立_文字:Cherry
《再思救赎奇恩》第二部分第16讲。我们继续讲为什么上帝称义的根据就是义必须是在我们以外的。第一个考虑是因为我们是在基督里被称为义的,in Christ we are justified,第二是借着基督一次过的献上自己的救赎大工我们称义。第三是上帝的义作为我们称义的根据。
4、第四。The righteousness of justification is the righteousness and obedience of Christ.称义里的义,是基督的义和基督的顺服,(罗马书第五章17-19:【罗5:17】若因一人的过犯,死就因这一人作了王;何况那些受洪恩又蒙所赐之义的,岂不更要因耶稣基督一人在生命中作王吗?【罗5:18】如此说来,因一次的过犯,众人都被定罪;照样,因一次的义行,众人也就被称义得生命了。【罗5:19】因一人的悖逆,众人成为罪人;照样,因一人的顺从,众人也成为义了。罗马书第五章17到19节).Here we have the final consideration which confirms all of the foregoing considerations and sets them in clear focus,这里我们看到了我们最后要考虑的因素,就确认了前面所有的考虑,也让前面的三点有了一个清楚的焦点。And this is the final reason why we are pointed away from ourselves to Christ and his accomplished work.这个就是最后的理由,为什么我们必须转离我们自己到基督和祂所成就的救赎大工那里。And this is the reason why the righteousness of justification is the righteousness of God.这个理由就是为什么称义的义,是上帝的义。It is the righteousness of Christ wrought by him in human nature, the righteousness of his obedience unto death, even the death of the cross.这个是基督的义,是祂在祂的人性里,由祂来所做成的,就是祂顺服至死的义,顺服至死,甚至乎在十字架上的死。
But, as such, it is the righteousness of the God-man,既然是如此呢,基督的义,基督顺服的义,是那位神人的义的a righteousness which measures up to the requirements of our sinful and sin-cursed situation,这个的义是满足我们这个有罪的、被咒诅的情况的要求的,a righteousness which meets all the demands of s complete and irrevocable justification 这个基督的义,神人的义是满足一个完整的、不可推翻的称义的要求,and righteousness fulfilling all these demands because it is a righteousness of a divine property and character, 而这个义能够满足这一切所有的要求,因为它是有上帝的本性和特质,a righteousness undefiled and inviolable.这个基督的义是没有玷污的、不可侵犯的。Grace reigns through righteousness unto eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord (Romans,5:21)恩典借着义作王,以至于永生,都是借着主耶稣基督我们的主。(Psalm 89:15-16诗篇第89篇15-16节) “Blessed is the people know the joyful sound they shall walk, O Lord, in the light of thy countenance. In thy name they be exalted ”.诗篇89篇第15-16节:【诗89:15】知道向你欢呼的,那民是有福的,耶和华啊,他们在你脸上的光里行走。【诗89:16】他们因你的名终日欢乐,因你的公义得以高举。
Justification is an act which proceeds from God’s free grace.称义是从上帝的白白恩典而来的上帝的作为。It is an act of God and of God alone.是上帝的作为,唯独上帝所作的作为。And the righteousness which supplies its ground or basis is the righteousness of God.而提供称义的根据、根基的义是上帝的义。It might seem that this emphasis upon the divine action would not only make it inappropriate but inconsistent for any activity of which we are the agents to be given any instrumentality or efficiency in connection with justification.那么,当我们看到圣经这样强调上帝的作为的时候,可能会感觉到我们作为负责有选择的人,我们任何的动作就不可能在称义上有任何的工具上的功能,或者生效与efficiency 的功能,这样子,人的作为就好像与上帝的作为是不恰当和不一致了。
But this Scripture makes it quite clear,可是圣经很清楚的说,that activity on the part of the recipient is given its own place in religion to this act of God’s grace.很清楚的告诉我们,领受称义的人的动作有他正确的地位,就是与上帝的恩典的作为是有关的。The activity on the part of the recipient is that of faith,领受称义的人的动作就是信心,and it is fate alone that is brought into this relationship to justification.就是唯独信心,就与上帝的作为建立了关系,以致称义。We are justified by faith, or through faith, or upon faith. 我们是借着信心,因着信心,或者说在信心上,或者在信心的时候称义的。(cf.Rom.1:17;3:22,25,26,27,28,30;4:3,5,16,24;5:1;Gal.2:16;3:8,9;5:4,5;Phil.3:9经文有很多,我们逐段的来看。
【罗1:17】因为 神的义正在这福音上显明出来;这义是本于信,以致于信。如经上所记:“义人必因信得生。”
【罗3:22】就是 神的义,因信耶稣基督加给一切相信的人,并没有分别。
【罗3:25-28】 神设立耶稣作挽回祭,是凭着耶稣的血,藉着人的信,要显明 神的义。因为他用忍耐的心,宽容人先时所犯的罪,好在今时显明他的义,使人知道他自己为义,也称信耶稣的人为义。既是这样,哪里能夸口呢?没有可夸的了。用何法没有的呢?是用立功之法吗?不是,乃用信主之法。所以(有古卷作“因为”)我们看定了,人称义是因着信,不在乎遵行律法。
【罗3:30】 神既是一位,他就要因信称那受割礼的为义,也要因信称那未受割礼的为义。
【罗4:3】经上说什么呢?说:“亚伯拉罕信 神,这就算为他的义。”
【罗4:5】惟有不作工的,只信称罪人为义的 神,他的信就算为义。
【罗4:16】所以人得为后嗣是本乎信,因此就属乎恩,叫应许定然归给一切后裔,不但归给那属乎律法的,也归给那效法亚伯拉罕之信的。
【罗4:24】也是为我们将来得算为义之人写的,就是我们这信 神使我们的主耶稣从死里复活的人。
【加2:16】既知道人称义不是因行律法,乃是因信耶稣基督,连我们也信了基督耶稣,使我们因信基督称义,不因行律法称义,因为凡有血气的,没有一人因行律法称义。
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【加3:8】并且圣经既然预先看明, 神要叫外邦人因信称义,就早已传福音给亚伯拉罕,说:“万国都必因你得福。”
【加3:9】可见那以信为本的人和有信心的亚伯拉罕一同得福。
【加5:4】你们这要靠律法称义的,是与基督隔绝,从恩典中坠落了。
【加5:5】我们靠着圣灵,凭着信心,等候所盼望的义。
【腓3:9】并且得以在他里面,不是有自己因律法而得的义,乃是有信基督的义,就是因信 神而来的义,)
There have been good protestants who have maintained that this faith is not the antecedent of justification, but the consequent, that we do not believe in order to be justified but we believe because we have been justified, and that the faith referred to is the faith that we have been justified. 有些好的基督新教的教徒是这样的坚持的,他们声称这里的信不是在称义之先,乃是称义的后果。我们不是信以致被称义,乃是我们相信因为我们已经被称义了,所以这里所指的信乃是我们相信已经被称义了。The witness of Scripture does not appear to bear out this view of the relation of faith to justification.圣经的见证明显的不支持这种的信心与称义之间的关系的观点。It is true, of course, that there is a faith which is consequent to justification. 当然,有一种的信心是在称义之后的信心,这个是对的。We cannot believe that we have been justified until we are first justified. 我们不可能相信,我们已经被称义直到我们已经被称义了。But there is a good reason for insisting that this reflex asecond act of faith in view when we are and to be justified by faith 但是我们有非常好的理由坚持这种的反射性的信心的动作,或者是次要的啊信心的动作,不是圣经所讲的因信称义的时候,那种的信心,and that this faith by which we are justified is the initial and primary act of faith in Jesus Christ by which in our effectual calling we are united to Christ and invested with his righteousness unto our acceptance with God and justification by him.我们讲到因信称义的时候,所指的乃是那个起初的初步的、基本的相信耶稣基督的信心,借着这个的信心,在我们的有效恩召中,我们与基督联合,借着信心我们与基督联合,上帝就将祂的义算给我们,以至于上帝接纳我们,被她撑称义。
There are several considerations which favour this view of the Scripture teaching. 有好几方面要考虑的因素,支持这方面对圣经教导的观点的。I shall mention only two.我只指出两个的原因。(那这慕理是在反驳新正统神学,卡尔巴特这类的神学。)
第一个考虑的。It appears quite unnatural and forced to regard the sustained emphasis of the Scripture that we are justified by faith in any other way.我们若不按照圣经的方法,接纳圣经多次强调的话呢,那么是很不自然的,很牵强的。When the Scripture speaks of justification in these cases,当圣经在这些的经文里说到称义的时候,it does not refer to our consciousness or assurance of justification, 圣经所指的不是我们对称义的意识,或者我们对称义的确据,nut to the divine act by which we are actually justified.圣经讲到称义的时候是指,上帝的作为,借着这个作为,我们具体的被称义了。Justification does not consist in that which is reflected in our consciousness;称义不是指在我们意识中所反射的;it consists in the divine act of acquittal and acceptance .称义就是上帝的作为,祂免除我们的罪,接纳我们。And it is precisely this that is said to be by faith.就是借着信心,我们得到这种的称义,就是上帝的作为。
2.第二要考虑的。There is one passage in Paul which is quite illumining in this respect.在这方面有一段经文是特别带来亮光的。It is Galatians 2:16,加2:16, “人称义不是因行律法,乃是因信耶稣基督,连我们也信了基督耶稣,使我们因信基督称义,不因行律法称义,因为凡有血气的,没有一人因行律法称义。”(Galatians 2:16) Paul here says that we have to believed in Jesus Christ in order that we might be justified by the faith of Christ.保罗这里所说的是我们已经信了耶稣基督,以至于我们借着信基督被称义。In a word,简言之,faith in Christ is in order to justification,我们相信基督,以致被称义,and is therefore regarded as antecedent to it因此,信心是称义之前的一件事,(cf.also Romans 4:23,24也参考罗马书第四章23-24,这里讲到亚伯拉罕的信心。【罗4:23】“算为他义”的这句话,不是单为他写的,【罗4:24】也是为我们将来得算为义之人写的,就是我们这信上帝使我们的主耶稣从死里复活的人。
We may conclude that the scripture means to teach that the justifying act of God supervenes upon the act of faith,我们可以做这样的结论,圣经要教导我们的乃是说:上帝称人为义的这个作为,是外加于信心这个动作的,that God justifies those who believe in Jesus and upon the event of faith.上帝称那些信耶稣的人为义,就是上帝在信心这件事情上称人为义。But faith, we must remember, is an act or exercise on the part of men.但是我们必须记得,信心是人的动作,人的操作。It is not God who believes in Jesus Christ,不是上帝相信耶稣基督but the sinner who is being justified.乃是那个被称为的罪人相信耶稣基督。Therefore faith is an indispensable instrumentality in connection with justification.因此在称义的事情上,信心是一个不可或缺的器皿。
We are justified by faith and faith is the prerequisite. 我们是因信称义的,信心是先决的条件。And only faith is brought in the relation with justification. 唯有信心是与称义有关的。Why is this the case为什么是如此呢?It could be sufficient for us to know that yin the divine appointment it is so. 我们若知道,上帝所指定的计划是如此其实就足够的。Oftentimes of the revelation of the counsel of God this is all we can say and it is all we need to say.很多时候,当上帝启示祂的永恒计划的时候,我们只能这样说,我们也只需要这样说。But in this case we can with good warrant say more.但是在这点上我们可以说得更多,也有很好的理由可以说多一点。There are apparent reasons why justification is by faith and by faith alone.有一些明显的理由,为什么称义是因着信也唯独因着信。
First,首先,it is altogether consonant with the fact that it is by grace.因信是完全符合因着恩典的。(Rom. 4:16) “Therefore it is of faith, in order that it might be according to the grace.”(罗马书第四章第16节):所以人得为后嗣是本乎信,因此就属乎恩。of faith, in order that it might be according to the grace.因信,以至于是本着恩典的。Faith and grace are wholly 信心和恩典完全是相辅相成的。
Second ,第二点要考虑的,faith is entirely congruous with the fact the ground of justification is the righteousness of Christ.我们称义的根据是基督的义,信心完全符合这个事实。The specific quality of faith is,信心特别的本职就是it receives and rest upon another,就是信心领受另外一位,依靠另外一位,and in this case Christ and his righteousness.在这里,信心所领受、所依靠的就是基督和祂的义。No other grace, however important it may be in connection with salvation as a whole, has this as its specific and distinguishing quality.上帝没有赐下另外一个恩典,有这个特别的、与众不同的本质的,不论那些其他的恩典是如何与救恩有所关联。就是说上帝所赐下的恩典,还有悔改,还有其他方面,都没有这个信心的特定的本职。We are justified therefore by faith.因此我们是借着信心称义的。
Third ,第三,justification by faith and faith alone exemplifies the freeness and richness of the gospel of grace.因信称义,唯独因信称义就表达出恩典的福音是白白的、是丰盛的。If we were to be justified by works, in any degree or to any extent 假如我们在任何程度上,任何方面,是借着、靠着行为称义的话,then there will be no gospel at all.那么就完全没有福音了。For what works of righteousness can a condemned, guilty, and depraved sinner offer to God?因为一个被定罪的、有罪孽的、堕落的罪人够把怎么样的行为之义献上给上帝呢。
That we are justified by grace advertises the grand article of the gospel of grace that we are not justified by the works of law. 我们是因信称义的,就宣告恩典的福音的伟大的教义。就是说我们不是靠着守律法的行为称义的。Faith stands in antithesis to works;信心与行为是势不两立的对照的;there can be no amalgam of these two信心和行为不能够混杂的(cf.Gal 5:4参考加拉太书第五章第四节:你们这要靠律法称义的,是与基督隔绝,从恩典中坠落了。)That we are justified by faith is what engenders hope in a convicted sinner’s heart.我们是因信称义的,这个在一个被定罪的,扎心知罪的罪人心中是生出盼望的。He knows he has nothing to offer.他知道他没有任何东西可以献上给上帝。And this truth assured him that he needs nothing to offer,这个真理就给他确定知道他也不必献上任何东西,yea,it assured him that it is an abomination to God to presume to offer.这个也是他确实的相信,只要他能够傲慢的献上给上帝什么东西呢,那是耶和华所憎恶的。
We are justified by faith therefore simply by entrust of ourselves,我们因信称义就是说,完全是我们交托,我们委身于基督,in all our dismal hopelessness,在我们一切的可怜的无望中,我们信托基督,to the Savior whose righteousness is undefiled and undefilable .我们所信托的是那位毫无玷污、也不可能有玷污的救主耶稣基督。Justification by faith alone lies at the heart of the gospel.唯独因着信心称义是福音的核心,and it is the article that makes the lame man leap as an hart and the tongue of the dumb sing.因信称义这个教义是瘸腿的跳跃好像鹿一样的跳跃,是哑口的人的舌头开了歌唱。
我们下一次继续讲信心、因着信心、唯独因着信心称义。就是说:是的,是因为我们与基督联合,信靠祂的顺服带来的义而称义。但是,信息也有它要扮演的角色的。
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