基督教会与现代中国历史 下
主讲：林慈信牧师_校对：刘加立弟兄_文字：Cherry姐妹
1921，July，1921年7月份，the Chinese Communist Party was born 中国共产党成立；1922，April，1922年4月份，nine months later，9个月之后，the AntI Christian movement was born 非基督教、反对基督教运动，非基督教运动开始了。Now as I was saying that in 1862 to 74，我说在1862-1874年，Chinese intellectuals oppose Christianity in name of Chinese culture 中国知识分子官绅是以中国文化的地位来批评基督教的，Christianity is western，foreign Barbarian 基督教是洋教、西方来的舶来品，是蛮人的宗教。
1922，1922年，not quite sixty years later没有超过60年之后，now the criticism against Christianity is no longer from a Chinese point of view 现在批评基督教不再是从中国文化的观点角度，but from a western point of view from a西方的观点角度，from Marxism 从马克思主义的观点，Christianity is unscientific of modern science 基督教不符合科学，这个是从现代科学的角度，and the tool of foreign imperialism是外国列强的侵略的工具，From Marxism 从马克思主义。
So you see that in sixty short years 你看到60年，时间不很长，Chinese opposition to Christianity went from a Chinese viewpoint to a western viewpoint反对基督教，从中国文化的立场，现在转到西方的科学跟马克思主义的立场。The point is那为什么这样子呢？ 重点是Chinese civilization is bankrupt 中国传统文明破产了。
1905，1905年 the civil service examinations were abolished科举制度取消了，1908，the Empress Dowager CixI died，1908年慈禧太后死了，so the last emperor had three years 所以最后的皇帝做了三年，1908-1911，then came the revolution 然后辛亥革命。So if China was to overthrow the civil service examination and Confucianism中国放弃科举制度跟儒家思想。What is to take its place？ 以什么取代之呢？In the same way。
in 1989，同样1989年 whatever you think of the June fourth event你不论对六四怎么看，what it meant for me 对我的意义是，who or which philosophy holds the key to China’s future in the twenty first century 重要的是，21世纪有哪一些的哲学或者理念引导中国呢？Same questions同样的问题，except 70 years later，70年之后一1989年。
Let’s go back to the AntI Christian movement 再回到非基督教运动，1922-1927，now remember that the Communist Party at that time was only nine months old 不要忘记共产党那个时候只有9个月这么大，their youth department 他们的青年部organized the students to oppose Christianity in the name of science and anti-Imperialism，奉科学的名，跟反对帝国主义的名来反对基督教。
1922，一九二二年，very soon summer vacation came along 暑假很快就到，and the movement fizzled out 这个运动就开始消失了。
1923，一九二三年，Sun Yat-sen accepted Russian help，孙中山先生接受了俄罗斯的协助 because Britain and America would not help him 因为英国、美国都不不愿意帮助孙中山先生。
and so 1924，一九二四年，January 一月份，first Kuomintang congress was held 国民党第一次大会举行，all the Communist were there and took the most important positions within the nationalist party 中国共产党的党员都拿到国民党的最重要一些的地位。
The important point for us Christian 对我们基督徒来说最重要的是 there was an anti-Christian movement in 1926-27 when Chiang Kai-shek led the northern expedition蒋介石在1926-1927年北伐的时候，有一次的逼迫基督教的运动。It’s almost like the box rebellion was raised up again 就好像义和团的那段时期又来一次的大屠杀。
Now let me repeat我再重复一次： Christianity is now looked upon as unscientific and a tool of western imperialism 现在基督教是一个不符合科学、不符合逻辑、西方侵略的一个工具，中国是这样来看的。And so Communism as an ideology gained influence among Chinese intellectuals especially in Beijing year after year after year 所以共产主义作为一个哲学是越来越受到北京的大学生的欢迎跟接纳。okay all the way to 1940，一直到1940，when many of them went to Yanan 很多人都去过延安，to look up Zhou Enlai，去看周恩来、毛泽东等等。
The importance of the AntI Christian movement，1022-1927，1922-27年的非基督教运动为什么这么重要呢？These ideas formed the basis of the new China’s religious policy after 1949，因为这个非基督教运动的一些理念就是新中国1949年之后的宗教政策萌芽的时期，最基本的概念就是那个时候已经发表过的。
Mao took up many of these ideas in the Chinese Soviet Republic in 1931，在1931年，毛泽东的在中国苏维埃共和国的时候就用了这些的概念来写当时那个苏维埃的的宗教政策的。
After 1949，一九四九年之后，China basically took two routes 中国基本上有两条路线： the soft line and the hard line软的、硬的。
1966-76年一九六六-七六年，the great cultural revolution 文化大革命 China’s hard line当时候是用强硬的政策，the goal is to extinguish religion 当时的目标是消灭宗教。But before and after 但是文革前、文革后，China took the soft line 中国用的是比较软的政策，the goal is to control and register religion 目的是要控制跟让宗教登记注册。
And now we’re seeing a great change right before our eyes in 2019，现在2019年，在我们眼前又来一次新的一个变化。China now looks like Christianity this way 现在中国是这样来看基督教的，remember Chinese point of view in 1860s？western point of view，1920，记得吗？1860年代从中国文化的观点角度，1920年代从西方跟马克思主义的观点角度，now China looks at Religion and Christianity again from a Chinese point of view再一次的中国从中国的角度来看基督教。
The main point is no longer science，logic or imperialism.，现在中国最关注的不是科学、不是逻辑、不是帝国主义，is “Are you for us or against us？” 基督教是敌我的还是不是敌我的。This is the main concern of China now for Christianity 现在中国对基督教可能最关注的是这一点。
In 1989，在1989年，that’s thirty years ago，30年前，when I saw the demonstrations on TV 当我在电视上看到这些的天安门广场的事情的时候 what really impacted me was 对我最大的影响是 I have already completed my PHD thesis 当时我已经写完我的博士论文，you can get a Chinese copy on the book table 我们中文翻译本在书摊上有《先驱与过客》，the English title was The Other May Fourth Movement。1989’s impact on me 六四对我的影响是 are we witnessing another May Fourth Movement 是不是五四运动卷土重来了呢？Are we Christians to fail again to give a Bible based apologetic to Chinese intellectuals？ 我们是不是再一次的缺席，不能够对中国知识分子提供一个完整的又合乎圣经的护教学呢？
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After 1989，一九八九之后，I had many opportunities to visit China’s universities do exchange lectures and so on 我有很多机会去中国做交换讲师 and also exchange many business cards 也可以交换很多的名片等等。I chose not to do that我选择了走另外一条路，because 原因是if and when Chinese intellectuals become Christians当中国知识分子成为基督徒之后，What kind of Christian church will welcome them？ 欢迎他们的是怎么样的一个的中国或者华人教会呢？
1966，一九六六年，Jonathan Chao wrote an article in Taiwan 赵天恩在台湾发表一篇文章: 中国神学荒芜的原因 The Desolation of Chinese Theology，1970 he started China graduate school theology 1970他开始了中国神学研究院，unfortunately that school became not a movement but a school only很不幸的，中神现在是一所学校，不是一个运动了；已经没有以前的创校那种意向。那个是我对这个学校的批判。Today is 53 years after Jonathan Chao’s article 今天赵天恩的文章已经是53年之后，中国教会有没有一套符合圣经、相信圣经又面向文化的神学呢？Does the Chinese church have a theology that is Bible based，believing in the Bible and yet face up to culture. 我们很多的是个人主义的保守派的基督教，we have a lot of individualistic gospel，conservative Bible believing 或者面向社会但是不信圣经的神学，or theology that faces up to society and culture but these delusions don’t really believe the Bible. There is a third way有第三条路的 and that’s the tradition I involved 这个就是我所吸收到的神学的传统。
Jesus Christ is Lord of all the universe 耶稣基督是宇宙万物的主宰，that includes politics，sociology，economics，culture，philosophy，art and so on包括政治、社会、经济、文化、教育、哲学、文艺、科学等等。
In 2002，在2002年，I received an invitation to go to Penang，Malaysia 我被邀请去马来西亚槟城。Today I make there my second home 今天槟城是我第二个家园了。Because they invited me to give two lectures 他们请我讲两篇讲座，the difference between presuppositionalism and evidentialism in apologetics 护教学的前提派跟证据派的区别，and the difference is increased by biblical counseling and psychology心理学与圣经辅导的的异同。
I said： wow，they were interested in these topics 我说他们对这些很有兴趣。Of course I went当然我去。My point is that我要讲的是after I gave those lectures on apologetics 当我给了这些护教学的讲座之后，my partner says请我去的那个伙伴说：if we don’t know our theology 我们不知道自己的神学，if we don’t know what we believe 我们若不清楚自己信什么，then what kind of apologetics will develop 那我们护什么教？只要不知道信什么的话，护什么教？If you don’t know your theology what kind of apologies can you offer？ So I began to offer theology courses there 所以我就开始开神学讲座。Penang，Kuala Lumpur，Singapore 槟城、吉隆坡、新加坡，Hong Kong，Tokyo香港、东京，Washington DC，美国华盛顿等等。And now New Zealand in the bilingual form现在在新西兰我们要开双语的。
Today we live in a time when China has already surpassed the modern science of the west. 今天 2019年中国已经越过了西方的现代科学科技。In the sense that China is more secular than the west is. 中国比西方更加的世俗。The west，meanwhile，has lost its essence because it lost the Bible西方不要圣经，所以已经失去了西方文明的核心了，so all it can do is become more and more Asian 所以西方，特别是欧洲，只能够更像亚洲。And so what put it to me ？两个在哪里相遇？Kazakhstan，now China has built a land project 中国现在在那里有个内陆的港口，trains from China go there 中国的火车到那个地方，trains from Europe gets there欧洲的火车到那里，it only takes forty seven minutes to transfer containers from one train to another中国的火车的的货柜运到欧洲的火车只需要47分钟。
Only ten days Cargo gone from China’s east coast to places like Holland and France中国的海岸到荷兰、法国只需要10天。But west is becoming more like China and Asia 西方越来越像中国，China is becoming so western that it has lost its China’s a lot of its original culture中国这么像西方，已经失去很多中国的文明。We live in a completely unprecedented world今天是空前所没有的全球的一个状态 which makes the world twice as more empty 就表示全球的文化是双倍的那么的空虚。
Everybody that uses social media in China在中国用social media的 only twenty two percent use email 这些人用电邮的只有22%，that means that China even more than the US is losing the habit of writing，writing letters 中国比美国更厉害，很快就失去写信、写文章的这个能力了。You can now in China write a university essay with voice recognition 你现在笔都不用动，讲就可以讲一篇大学的论文了。China is just like America becoming barbarian，illiterate，ignorant. 中国完全学了美国的东西，文盲、不写字、无知。
What is the university education？大学教育怎么一回事？We don’t even know what it is. 已经不知道了。I studied history and philosophy when I was at university 我在大学读的是哲学跟历史。How do you do that if everything you do is by AI，voice recognition and face recognition？你完全用这些人工智慧的话，你怎么好好的学习思考的能力？That’s the world we live in 这个是我们所生活的世界，global warming气候在变暖，Europe becoming closer to China，China becoming completely western. 中国完全西化，欧洲像中国。America is left out unless she wakes up美国不醒过来的话就被抛弃了。I’m a US citizen我是美国公民。
This is the time that the church must wake up，learn how to read，study and think； read the Bible，study the Bible，learn how to think according to the Bible. 现在是中国教会要醒过来，学习阅读- 阅读圣经、研究-研究圣经的信仰、思考-根据圣经来思考。We have no choice没有选择的，the other choice is darkness of civilization 另外一个选择是野蛮的文明，America is already there美国已经在那里了。A good bit of UK and Europe are right there欧洲、英国大部分的人口已经在那里了； China’s getting there 中国已经越来越越靠近这种的情况，A desert of civilization文化沙漠。The tradition that I imbibed from the reformation 我所吸收的宗教改革的整个基督教的文化，teaches me是教导我，you are what you think你的思考如何，你的人就如何。
Now that’s opposite to what Apple，Google and Alibaba wants to tell you，苹果、Google、阿里巴巴教你的完全相反的，go by your feelings凭你的感觉 and then你感觉、感觉feeling，feeling you bought something already. 你已经买了他们的产品了，你都你没有经过大脑，you didn’t go through your brain you already bought something from Alibaba or Amazon已经买了东西了。This is the world we live in这个是我们所生活的的世界。
The old arguments against Christianity are still there 老旧的反对基督教理由没有消失的，but new ones are now taking its place又有新的取代了。Basically people don’t care现在人民漠不关心，they don’t care about thinking，about morality 思考、道德都不是人们要关心的。China is becoming completely like America of yesterday 中国现在像昨天的美国完全一样。Into this world comes the immigrant generation and the second generation 在这个世界就是我们移民的第一代跟下一代生活的这个环境，New Zealand 新西兰，just like America就像美国一样。
Other than my dissertation 除了我的博士论文以外 in nineteen eighty nine啊对不起in 1999 I published a book，一九九九年，我出版了一本书 which is a collection of essays I wrote in the 1980-1990s 收集了我1980跟90年代写的一系列的文章。You see beginning in the 1980s，在一九八零之后 many of the Chinese churches in US and Canada 美国跟加拿大的华人教会，很多的教会 the young people，English speaking，began to leave the church 他们的年轻人，讲英文的下一代，开始离开教会。Because they felt that the church did not Shepherd them因为他们感觉到教会没有牧养他们。
So in the 1980s，I was an early champion for English speaking ministry for the second generation. 我在1980年代是一个比较早期的倡导、提倡要牧养第二代，用英语牧养他们的。So in 1980 I started an English speaking church in Queens new York city在1980 我开设了一间英语的华人教会，在纽约皇后区纽约市。Today things are moved forward今天事情已经发展了很多了，today Asian Americans have their own churches现在亚裔韩国华人等等下一代有他们自己的教会。New Zealand？新西兰呢？We are beginning to witness the same things that we witnessed in the US in the 1980s现在新西兰所发生的事就是我们美国在1980年代所发生的事。
People are beginning to wake up，people who are twenty five，thirty，thirty five今天25、30、35岁的开始醒过来，说：I don’t feel fed 我不感觉到受到喂养，I’m leaving我离开了，or if I stay假如我留在华人教会 at least I feel very dissatisfied 至少我觉得很不满足。
My message to the second generation，I did a message this afternoon 今天下午我向英语的下一代讲道的，我对他们说I said to them don’t leave home 不要离开你的家！ I don’t mean don’t ever leave your church. 我的意思不是说你永远不可以离开你的教会。But your heart must not leave home 你的心不可以离开家。God made you second generation Chinese New Zealander 上帝带领你做第二代的新西兰的华裔。God make me one and a half generation Hong Kong American 上帝造我成为第一代的美国华人的一半，也不是下一代的，是两代之间。For a reason这都有上帝的计划的。
One obvious reason is God made a second generation to minister the other second generation一个很重要的原因就是上帝让第二代在新西兰长大，就是让来他们牧养带领第二代的信主、成长。To the first generation 对第一代的 my message is我的信息是bless every effort to Shepherd the second generation 你要祝福任何牧养第二代的事工和他们的努力； first generation bless second generation ministry 第一代祝福第二代的事工，second generation learn to not leave home and feed themselves第二代的不要离开家，学习自我喂养。I’ve been saying this in New Zealand and in Australia 在澳洲跟新西兰我讲同样的信息。
A repetition of what my heart told me back in the 1980s and 90s，跟我1980年代跟1990年代心里面所想的是同样的信息。Hence the bilingual certificate program 所以我要在新西兰开一个双语的神学证书课程。Okay the purpose is not to create another seminary 我的目的不是再开一所神学院，it’s not a seminary不是一所神学院，you will not credit你不会得到学分 you will not get a degree你不会得到一个学位，but this effort is for the sake of the church 这个是为了教会而做的。God made me bilingual and bicultural上帝造我是双语，而且是双重文化的人。
I preached in English to the second generation this afternoon，今天下午我讲的是英文，完全不同的一个文化的表达的方式。Tonight，I’m bicultural and bilingual 今天晚上我是双语双重文化的，if I were only to preach Mandarin，I’m another person我假如完全用普通话讲道，就另外一个人。You probably have never seen me preach in English only 你可能没有看过我怎么用英文讲道的。I preach to four hundred Filipinos in in Singapore 我在新加坡向400个菲律宾人讲道，completely American style 完全美国的风格的。God made me bicultural上帝造我是双重文化的，whatever the case it is with you不论你的情况是如何，we can all love the Chinese church and her second generation ministry 我们都可以爱华人教会跟爱第二代的事工。About three years ago三年前，I held a pizza party我开了一个Pizza的晚会，inviting all the people I knew that were leaders in second generation Ministry in Oakland 邀请所有我所认识的奥克兰的华人教会的第二代事工的领袖们来聚一次。Now we’re beginning this next effort 现在我们开始这个下一步的的努力。
In 1990 or so大概一九九零，I was invited to Seattle in the USA 有一次我被邀请去西雅图，the church invited me for one weekend to answer one question 这个教会邀请我去一个周末回答一个问题：Will we split the church if we start an English worship service 我们开英文堂会不会分裂教会？Today they have a thriving English Ministry现在，今天，他们有一个非常蓬勃的英文的事工，and daughter church 还有分堂，Evangelical Chinese church of Seattle，西雅图，中文叫正道堂，要没有记错的话。
What the second generation need 第二代所需要的is more than a babysitting service 不仅仅是一个育婴室，they are not babies they’re twenty five year old，executives in the corporate world，in the finance world 他们已经是25岁以上的财经界、电脑界的专业人士了。What the second generation need to do is to learn to feed themselves and love the church。第二代需要做的是自我喂养，然后不要停止爱他的教会。
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