慈爱牧羊人，荣耀大君王：韩德尔的弥赛亚（中英文）_上

『慈爱牧羊人，荣耀大君王：亨德尔的《弥赛亚》』（中英文）_上

Tender Shepherd, Glorious King: Handel’s 《Messiah》

主讲：林慈信牧师_校对：刘加立弟兄

经文：《以赛亚书》 Isaiah 40:1-5；《哈该书》Haggai  2:6, 7；《玛拉基书》Malachi 3: 1-3

视频 Video:创乐诗班 Creative Journey, Auckland, New Zealand.钟开鹏传道，师母Pastor and Mrs. Peter Chung.  获准使用Used with permission.

『慈爱牧羊人，荣耀大君王——亨德尔的弥赛亚』

Tender Shepherd, Glorious King——Handel’s Messiah

引言 INTRODUCTION：

Thank God for this opportunity to share a Christmas message with you all感谢神有机会在这里跟大家分享一篇圣诞的信息《Tender Shepherd, Glorious King——Handel’s 《Messiah》慈爱牧羊人，荣耀大君王——亨德尔的《弥赛亚》。We’ll be reading three passages我们来读三段的经文:first Isaiah 40：1-5，第一段是《以赛亚书》四十章第1节到第5节：Comfort , comfort my people, says your God. Speak tenderly to Jerusalem; and cry unto her that her warfare is ended, that her iniquity is pardoned, that she has received from the LORD’s hand double for all her sins.第一节跟第二节：你们的神说：“你们要安慰、要安慰我的子民。你们要向耶路撒冷说慈爱的话，又向她宣告：他们的苦难已经满足了，他们的罪孽已经还清了；他们因着自己的罪，已经从耶和华的手里受到加倍的刑罚。” A voice cries  in the wilderness: Prepare  the way of the LORD, make straight in the desert a highway for our God，Every valley shall be lifted up, and every mountain and hill  be made low; and the uneven shall become level, and the rough places a plain 有声音呼喊说：“你们要在旷野清理耶和华的路，在沙漠修直我们上帝的大道。一切深谷都要填满，一切山冈都要削平。险峻的要改为平坦，崎岖的要改为平原。 and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together; for the mouth of the Lord has spoken it.耶和华的荣耀必要显现，所有的人或者凡有血气的都必一同看见，因为这是耶和华亲口说的。”

《Haggai  Chapter 2 Verses 6-7哈该书第二章第6节到第7节》：For thus saith the Lord of hosts: Yet once more, it is a little while,I will shake the heavens, and the earth, and the sea, and the dry land; and I will shake all nations; so that the precious of all nations shall come in; and I will fill this house with glory, says the Lord of hosts. 因为万军之耶和华这样说：再过不多的时候，我要震动天地、海洋和旱地。万军之耶和华说：我要震动万国。万国的珍宝就必运来，我要使这殿宇充满荣耀。这是万军之耶和华说的。”

《Malachi Chapter 3 Verses 1-3玛拉基书第三章第1到3节》：Behold, I send my messenger, and he will prepare the way before me: and the Lord, whom you seek, will suddenly come to his temple; and the messenger of the covenant, whom you desire, behold, he is coming, says the Lord of hosts. 万军之耶和华说：“看哪，我派我的使者在我前面预备道路。你们所寻求的主，必忽然进入他的殿；你们所爱慕约的使者，就要来到。”But who can endure the day of his coming? and who can stand when he appeares? for he is like a refiner’s fire, and like fuller’s soap可是，他来的日子，谁能当得起呢？他显现的时候，谁能站立得住呢？因为他像炼金之人的火，如漂布之人的碱。he will sit as a refiner and purifier of silver, and he will purify the sons of Levi, and refine them as gold and silver; and they shall offer unto Jehovah offerings in righteousness to the Lord.他必洁净利未人，炼净他们像炼净金银一样，这样他们就会凭公义献礼物给耶和华。

Christmas is a time for Christians to worship圣诞节是基督徒敬拜的节期。We remember the birth of Christ through New Testament narratives such as 《Matthew》1-2 and 《Luke》1-2我们会用新约经文来纪念主耶稣降生——《马太福音》一跟二章、《路加福音》一跟二章。We also remember the birth of Christ by using familiar Old Testament prophecies such as 《Isaiah》 7:14 and 《Isaiah》 9:6我们也会用旧约的熟悉的预言的经文来纪念耶稣基督的，譬如说《以赛亚书》第七章第14节，第九章第6节。Today, we will worship God  by using Old Testament prophecies, particular those used in Handel’s 《Messiah》，今天，我们会用《旧约圣经》的预言，特别是亨德尔《弥赛亚》所选用的经文来敬拜上帝。Because Old Testament texts gives us a deeper understanding of New Testament texts因为旧约圣经会让我们对新约经文有更深的理解。

《Messiah》 was an oratorio《弥赛亚》是神剧或者是清唱剧，in other words，there’s no active换言之，不是演戏这样演出来的。Handel  wrote it in 1740’s in 24 days亨德尔在英国1740年代用了24天就写完了。And first performance was fundraise for an orphanage in Ireland首演是为了一个爱尔兰的孤儿院筹款的。One year later, it was performed in London一年之后在伦敦上演。This is an incomparable、glorious、mystic composition这个作品是不可比拟的荣耀的作品。Handel said he saw God’s majesty as he wrote it亨德尔说：他写的时候好像看到了上帝的荣耀一样。He barely ate,barely slept24天里面，他吃得很少、睡得很少。The librettist Charles Jennens, used the 《Old Testament of the King James Bible》as well as the 《Psalms》from the Book of 《Common Prayer》for the lyrics which gave to Handel（词作者）詹南斯为亨德尔提供了很多《旧约圣经》的经文——来自英王钦定本、还有来自《公祷书》的《诗篇》——选的非常的精彩。Handel wrote《Messiah》in great reverence to God and His Word韩德尔非常敬畏上帝、非常尊敬《圣经》；他用这种的心态来写《弥赛亚》的。

There are no impersonations、no “first person” speech in《Messiah》《弥赛亚》没有第一身（人称）的说法、没有演员扮演什么角色的、No re-enactment of events也没有重演的历史事件。It only contains quotations from God’s Word只有引用上帝的话——《圣经》。Both the lyrics and Handel’s composition are direct rebukes against and critique of Deism which is the 18^th century precursor of liberal theology不论是詹南斯选的经文或是亨德尔的作曲都是驳斥『自然神论』的当头棒喝——自然神论就是十九世纪的自由派神学的十八世纪的前身。You can watch a variety of 《Messiah》 performances on YouTube  by yourself你可以在 YouTube 上去找不同的《弥赛亚》的演出。

There are three parts to Messiah《弥赛亚》分三部分。The First Part is the Christmas portion第一部分是圣诞的部分。The second and third parts narrate  Christ’s suffering、resurrection and then his returning to His eternal Kingdom第二、第三部分是讲述基督的受难、复活和再来跟永恒的国度。Let us worship the Lord through the Old Testament, particularly those used in the Messiah让我们透过《旧约圣经》，特别是《弥赛亚》所选用的经文来敬拜我们的主。

1. First of all，let us loot at the theme of this Christmas portion首先我们来看圣诞部分的主题。Let Us Worship Our Great and Glorious God让我们来敬拜这位伟大的、荣耀的上帝：Because『The Day of the Lord Will Come，The Messiah Will Be Born耶和华的日子必将来到，弥赛亚必降

生』；and『The Day of the Lord has come and the Messiah is Born耶和华的日子也已经来到，弥赛亚也降生了』

1. Part I, the Christmas portion can be divided into five scenes（第一部分）圣诞的部分可以分为五景：

Scene 1: Old Testament prophecies concerning the Day of the Lord (the day of the Messiah

第一部分第一景：是旧约先知对耶和华的日子（弥赛亚的日子）的预言——which is the same thing as Messiah耶和华的日子也就是弥赛亚的日子

Scene 2第二景: The Lord will come in his day to judge在耶和华日子要来，要执行审判；

Scene 3第三景：The Virgin will conceive and give Birth to her son童贞女要怀孕、生子；

Scene 4: The Messiah is born第四景：弥赛亚降生了；

Scene 5: The ministry of Jesus Christ on earth第五景是基督在地上的事工。

2. Before the first scene，There is an Overture在第一景开始之前有序曲: in the key of E minor用E小调，Solemn、slow、and also includes a dynamic portion庄严、（缓慢的）慢慢的演出，不过加上兴奋的一段。
3. and In Scene 1第一景：《Isaiah》 40:1-5 is the core text第一景的骨干经文就是《以赛亚书》四十章1到5节；
4. But for Scene 2但到第二景的时候：《Haggai 》2:6-7 and 《Malachi》 3:1-3 are used用的是其他先知书的预言，就是《哈该书》第二章6到7（节）跟《玛拉基书》三章1到3（节）。
5. In Scene 3到了第三景，Handel uses very familiar《Old Testament》Scriptures: 《Isaiah 》7:14 and 9:6所引用的就是我们很熟悉的两段的经文：《以赛亚书》第七章14节和第九章第6节。But other《Old Testament》texts are used to support and highlight these two prophetic texts也用了其他《旧约圣经》的先知预言来衬托这两段经文的。

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6. After Scene 3在第三景之后，there is a “Pastoral Symphony” 有一段的『田园交响曲』——第三景之后有『田园交响曲』；Reflects the comforting message of《 Isaiah》 40反映出《以赛亚书》四十章安慰的话。
7. Scene 4第四景：The Core text is the Birth of the Messiah in《Luke》2:8-14骨干的经文是《路加福音》二章8到14节——弥赛亚降生；《Isaiah》40:9 and《Isaiah》 60:1-3 are used to support the core而用《以赛亚书》第四十章第9节跟六十章1到3节衬托。
8. Finally Scene 5最后第五景：closes with《Matthew》11：28-30用《马太福音》十一章28到30节：Come to me, all you who labour and heavy laden凡劳苦担重担的要到我这里来, and I will give you rest我必使你们安息——Words from the mouth of  Jesus Christ himself主耶稣基督亲口所说的话。
9. So for the entire Part One所以整个第一部分：the Christmas portion圣诞的部分；《Isaiah》40:1-9 is the core text骨干的经文是《以赛亚书》第四十章1到第9节。And right in the middle of this passages verse 5而在这一段经文的中间第5节，the message is 信息就是：The Glory of The Lord will be revealed耶和华的荣耀必定彰显。On the day of the Lord在耶和华的日子，which is the day of Messiah 同样是弥赛亚的日子，God will reveal his glory耶和华要彰显他的荣耀。

Let us worship God by listening to 《Isaiah》40:5我们来听《以赛亚书》第四十章第5节来敬拜我们的神。

（SHOW VIDEO CLIP: 『耶和华要彰显祂的荣耀』——《以赛亚书》40:5：耶和华的荣耀必然显现，凡有血气的必一同看见，因为这是耶和华亲口说的。）🎵🎹

现在我们用圣诞部分的第一、第二、第三景来看神的话、敬拜上帝Now let us use first three scene of Christmas portion to study 《Old Testment》 and worship God.First of all,brothers and sisiters弟兄姐妹：

1. Let Us Receive God’s Promise of Salvation, specially Since the Promise Has Been Fulfilled：让我们来领受上帝救恩的应许，特别因为这个应许已经应验、已经实现了：The Day of the Lord Will Come、The Day of the Lord Has Come『主耶和华的日子必来到、主耶和华的日子已经来到』：
2. 《Isaiah》40 opens up the prophecy of “the day of the Lord” 《以赛亚书》第四十章展开了『主耶和华的日子』的预言。Unlike many liberal scholars，I believe that 《Isaiah》was written by one Isaiah in the 8th century BC，covering hundreds years before events happened我们不接受那些自由派的学者，我认为、我相信《以赛亚书》是一个以赛亚写的——不是三个以赛亚写的；是在这些预言的事情发生之前几百年所写的。
3. The coming of the Messiah Christ is the coming of the Lord Jehovah弥赛亚（基督）来就是主（耶和华）来。The Day of the Messiah is the Day of the Lord弥赛亚的日子就是主（耶和华）的日子。
4. There is the Tenor recitative in the 《Messiah》 as it opens《弥赛亚》一开始有男高音的宣叙调——Isaiah 40:1-3《以赛亚书》第四十章第1节到第3节——words of comfort安慰的话，and then the voice crying in the wilderness：To prepare a way for God旷野有人声叫说：要修直主耶和华的道路（预备耶和华的路，在沙漠地修平我们上帝的道）。
5. We overhear words in heaven我们听到天上的话。God says to the angels上帝对天使们说：“Comfort ye, comfort ye my people你们要安慰、要安慰我的百姓。” ——A glorious scene、comforting words荣耀的景象、安慰的信息；A Tender Tenor Voice Sings the Solo温柔的男高音唱出独唱：From E minor in a overture to E major in this recitative从序乐的E小调转回E 大调；The solo is independent of the orchestra’s accompaniment男高音的独唱与乐团的伴奏是独立的——A firm but tender messages坚决的、温柔的信息：speak ye comfortably to Jerusalem要对耶路撒冷说安慰的话。
6. Because the warfare of God‘s people is accomplished or finished因为上帝子民战争的日子已经结束了,the captivity was end以色列被掳的日子要结束——This is a prophesy这个是个预言; her iniquity was  pardoned他们的罪孽得到赦免。No longer we’d need to offer sacrifices to give theses sins forgiving不再透过献祭来获得赦罪。The Lord himself will accomplish the forgiveness of sins耶和华自己来成就罪得赦免。
7. The Tenor continues with another recitative男高音继续唱咏叹调——Sudden、forceful突然的、有力的唱：Isaiah 40:3《以赛亚书》第四十章第3节：The voice of him that cry in the wilderness有人在旷野喊着说： Prepare ye the way of the Lord为耶和华预备他的道路……。And  the Tenor sings is  beautiful、 lyrical  portion——（《Isaiah》 40:）4男高音宣叙调里面唱出这个很优美的…
8. ——《以赛亚书》第四十章第4节：All barriers to the Lord’s coming will be flatted所有拦阻耶和华来的那些都要被铲平——Tenor solo’s runs through  a long  passage男高音独唱唱出很长的一段曲调。God’s people prepare for the Messiah’s coming by repentance and by practicing righteousness上帝的子民要怎么样预备弥赛亚的来临呢——透过认罪悔改和行公义。
9. And the Lord will prepare a forerunner/herald耶和华必预备一个先。He will issue a message他要发出这个信息: The Lord will come耶和华必来。The coming of the Lord is an awesome thing耶和华来是一件大而可畏的事！Because Israelites  remembered  when the Lord came in 《Exodus》 19 & 20以色列人还记得在《出埃及记》十九、二十章耶和华来是怎么一回事：Thunder、lightning 有闪电、打雷，smoke、fire有烟、有火。So God comforts his people上帝安慰祂的子民。
10. John the Baptist was that herald施洗约翰就是那一位先锋，he is that voices in the wilderness他就是那个旷野的声音。
11. And so after that Tenor finishes男高音唱完之后，we have the first chorus by the choir ,you know of oratorio《弥赛亚》第一次诗班进来合唱了——《Isaiah 》40:5《以赛亚书》第四十章第5节：The glory of the Lord shall be revealed耶和华的荣耀必被彰显；all flesh shall see it together凡有血气的必一同看见；because the mouth of the Lord hath spoken it因为这个是耶和华亲口说的。
12. 三件事情three truths：First the glory of Lord第一耶和华的荣耀——it is His presence这是耶和华的同在的意思。During the Exodus, God’s glory was shown to the pillars of the cloud in the fire在出埃及的时候，耶和华的荣耀透过云柱和火柱显明。Now God personally comes. He comes himself现在上帝亲自来。And God will come in mighty power上帝按照他的大能要来。And when he comes, he will judge and he will save上帝来的时候，他要施行审判、也要施行拯救——Both judgment and salvation reveal God’s glory审判和拯救都彰显上帝的荣耀的。
13. Second truth第二件事情：all flesh shall see it together凡有血气的都必一同看见。God’s revelation is a public revelation上帝的启示是一个公然的启示；God’s revelation is concretely in history、in time and space上帝的启示是具体的——在历史中、在时空中。We reject the Neo-Orthodox/Barthain view of the so-called “revelation.”我们不接受新正统神学的『启示』观。God came in time and space上帝在时空里来了、显现。
14. And third truth第三件事情是:The mouth of the Lord has spoken这个是耶和华亲口所说的。You see，God does his mighty acts耶和华行大事。But both before his act,and after his act, he speaks但是他行大事之前、之后，耶和华说话。So God’s revelation consists not only in acts，but in words所以上帝的启示不单是行大事，也是他说话——He gives us truth and propositions他给我们真理、命题。So we don’t accept the Neo-Orthodox  view of the “revelation.”我们不接受新正统的启示观的。
15. And so the choir sings all these three truth诗班唱出这三样的真理：The glory of the Lord shall be revealed——singed in high notes高调地唱出：上帝的荣耀要彰显。All flesh shall see together凡有血气的都一同看见——with short notes in the (26:03)都是短短的音调，as north south、east and west就好像东南西北一样，shall see together, all humanity will see 全人类都看见。
16. The conclusion of resolution is:this is the word that the Lord has spoken然后整首曲的结论就是：这是主耶和华亲口所说的话。
17. End of Scene 1第一景结束

III. Scene 2:Let Us Worship God with the Fear of the Lord我们要以敬畏神的心来敬拜，Because The Lord Comes to Judge因为上帝来，是要来施行审判的:

1. A Day of the Lord is an awesome day主耶和华的日子是一个大而可畏的日子：He will shake nature and the human world祂要震动自然界和人类的世界；He comes to judge; he comes to save祂要来审判，祂要来拯救；This concerns his whole people，and concerns all the nations这个是关乎上帝的子民的事，也是关乎外邦列国的事。And the day of Lord’s coming is the “desire”of the nations主耶和华的日子也是万国所『羡慕』的，Because God will reveal his glory among the nations through his presence,but clearly presence in the temple因为上帝要透过祂的同在——特别在圣殿中的同在，在列国中要彰显自己的荣耀。You see,God is most concerned with his glory he will receive上帝最关心的就是他的荣耀，and so the《Messiah》used these two passages of the《Old Testment》所以《弥赛亚》用了这两段的经文。The messages of the《Old Testment》is tender and glories，comforting and also messages for warning旧约先知的信息是温柔的、也是荣耀的，是安慰也是警告。Brothers and sisters，How big is your God弟兄姐妹，你的神究竟有多大？
2. The Bass Recitative男低音唱出宣叙调，and D minor D 小调——《哈该书》第二章第6到第7节《Haggai》2:6-7 and《Malachi》3:1-3,还有《玛拉基书》第三章第1节。
3. Let’s first take a look at the background：the context of 《Haggai》2:6-7我们先来看《哈该书》第二章的背景：Haggai began his ministry “during the 2^nd year of Darius the Persian king,”520 BC.先知哈该在波斯大利乌王的第二年开始做他的先知的事工的，换言之，是主前第520年。Earlier, in 538 BC,Cyrus King of Persia issued an edict allow the people of Israel to begin re-building the Temple早在主前538年波斯王（即）古列王就已经下令：让以色列人开始重建圣殿，But they stopped very soon after that但是他们很快就停止工作了。Now Haggai the prophet preached two messages现在先知哈该来传两个信息：First第一个信息：repent and re-build the Temple要悔改，重新修建圣殿；Second message第二个信息是God promises that greater blessings will come on the Temple上帝应许将来有更大的福分要临到圣殿；through the Temple透过圣殿、and through the Messiah透过弥赛亚。Yes,the “Second Temple” being built is not as glorious as the first——Solomon’s Temple是的，重建的那个『第二圣殿』不如当年所罗门王所建的殿那么的荣耀。But，God is faithful但是上帝是信实的，he keeps his covenant他守约 ——v.5第5节；he will be with his people上帝必定与祂的子民同在。And God declares that the future glory of the Temple will far outstrip the first Solomon’s Temple上帝宣告：圣殿将来的荣耀要比所罗门的殿更大。Brothers and  sisters：We，the New Testament church is that temple,we are the temple弟兄姐妹：我们新约教会就是那个更荣耀的殿：made with lives, not stones 是用生命组成的，不是石头建成的——I《Peter》2:5《彼得前书》第二章第5节。For Jesus Christ is the true temple，that’s why we are the templey因为耶稣基督是真圣殿，所以我们就是那更荣耀的殿。

 

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