诺斯底主义的错误﹕上帝，人，与宇宙的真相
GNOSTICISM’S ERRORS: GOD, MAN, AND THE UNIVERSE
- 误﹕（诺斯底主义的世界观）﹕宇宙不只一个神。最高的神是「纯神性」（纯存有）。祂的神性放射（像太阳光放射）给不同的灵体；神与灵体造成「丰满」。
F (worldview of Gnosticism): There are many gods. The highest good is pure divinity (pure Being). His divine nature is emanated (like sun rays from the sun) from him to other spiritual beings. He + all other spiritual beings = pleroma.
正（爱任纽，特土良）﹕宇宙只有一位神。祂的神性不与任何其他活物分享﹕不与天使或人分享。不过，上帝造人是按照自己的形象造的﹕有些上帝的属性是可以传递的。人是有限的；在有限的范围里，起初人是圣洁的，公义的，智慧的等。这些可传递的属性都因为亚当犯罪堕落的缘故，受了污染。总的来说，上帝的属性是不放射的。
T (Irenaeus, Tertullian): There is only one God. His divine nature is not shared with anyone, not angels, not humans. Man, however, is created in God’s image – certain attributes are “communicable”, in the sense that man, on our finite level, was holy, righteous, wise, powerful, etc.; all these were marred by sin after Adam’s sin. But God’s nature is not emanated to us.
- 错误﹕人里有神性，因此人性与神性只是量的不同，不是质的不同。
F: There is (a spark of) divine nature in man. Therefore man’s nature and God’s nature are different only in degree, not in essence.
正﹕创造主与被创造者之间有着绝对无限的区别。人性就不是神性。
T: There is an absolute, infinite distinction between the Creator and the creature! Human nature simply IS NOT divine nature.
- 误（诺斯底派的教会仪式）﹕若要得救必须领受秘密仪式。
F (Gnosticism church rites): Salvation requires secret ceremonies.
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正﹕要得救必须信靠基督，认罪悔改。洗礼是公开的仪式，教会作见证人。
T: Salvation requires faith and repentance. Baptism is not secret, but a public testimony in the company of the whole church.
- 误（诺斯底主义，一些宗教，部份基督徒）﹕物质是邪恶的。
F (Gnosticism, some religions, some Christians): Matter is evil.
正﹕物质被造的时候是好的。物质是好的；上帝要我们享受祂所赐给我们的
恩赐（如﹕食物），以祂规定的方法来享用（要节制）。我们若认为物质是
邪恶的话，要就是禁欲主义，不然就是无律法主义（放纵）。唯有正确的了解、使用、顺服上帝的律法，才能避免律法主义与非律法主义。
T: Matter was created good. Matter is good; we are to enjoy the good gifts God has given us (e.g. food), in the way God wants us to enjoy them (in moderation). If we regard matter as evil, we either become ascetic or lawless. Only if we properly understand, use and submit to the law of God, can we avoid legalism and lawlessness (antinomianism).
- 误（诺斯底主义）﹕有两个上帝；至善的神（无底的深渊），和创造主（旧约的神），后者是有激情，是次神。
F (Gnosticism): There are two gods: the highest good God (a bottomless abyss), and the Demiurge = Creator = God of the Old Testament. The latter is a lesser god who has passions.
正﹕只有一位神，祂是创造主，也是至善的救赎主。
T: There is only one God – He is the Creator and the all-holy Redeemer.
摘自：林慈信，早期基督教教义史讲义。
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