{"id":6431,"date":"2023-12-27T14:46:02","date_gmt":"2023-12-27T14:46:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/?p=6431"},"modified":"2023-12-27T14:46:02","modified_gmt":"2023-12-27T14:46:02","slug":"zhong-guo-jiao-hui-shi-13","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/?p=6431","title":{"rendered":"\u4e2d\u56fd\u6559\u4f1a\u53f2_13"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>\r\n .player6430  .plyr__controls,\r\n .player6430 .StampAudioPlayerSkin{\r\n  border-radius: 10px;\r\n  overflow: hidden;\r\n }\r\n .player6430{\r\n  margin: 0 auto; }\r\n .player6430 .plyr__controls .plyr__controls {\r\n   border-radius: none;\r\n   overflow: visible;\r\n }\r\n .skin_default .player6430 .plyr__controls {\r\n   overflow: visible;\r\n }\r\n <\/style>\r\n<div class=\"skin_default\" id=\"skin_default\">\r\n  <div style=\"width:100%;--plyr-color-bg:#333\" class=\"h5ap_standard_player player6430\" \r\n  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college at columbia university\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\uff0c1920\u3002\u4e2d\u95f41918\u5e74\u4ed6\u5728\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u65c1\u8fb9\u7684\u534f\u548c\u795e\u5b66\u9662\uff0cUnion Theological Seminary\uff0c\u8bb2\u6388\u5b97\u6559\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u30021918\uff0c\u7136\u540e1927-1928\u5b66\u5e74\uff0c\u53c8\u518d\u56de\u5230\u534f\u548c\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u4f5c\u8bbf\u95ee\u8bb2\u5e08\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u8bb2\u6388\u975e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u672f\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u30021920\u5e74\uff0c\u5218\u5ef7\u82b3\u56de\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u524d\u4e00\u5e74\u3002\u9648\u72ec\u79c0\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u521d\u6b21\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5b66\u8bf4\u3002\u5218\u5ef7\u82b3\u53d7\u8058\u4e3a\u5317\u4eac\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u9662\u957f\uff0c\u540c\u5e74\u517c\u4efb\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u8bb2\u5e08\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u71d5\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u5b97\u6559\u5b66\u9662\u795e\u5b66\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e1921\u5e74\u4efb\u71d5\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u5b97\u6559\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u957f\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u624d\u8ba9\u4e86\u7ed9\u8d75\u7d2b\u5bb8\u7684\u30021924\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u8f9e\u53bb\u4e86\u5e08\u5927\u548c\u5317\u5927\u7684\u6559\u804c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u6559\u80b2\u754c\u6240\u63a8\u5d07\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\u90a3\u79cd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u8003\u8bd5\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u548c\u5c0f\u5b69\u5b50\u4eec\u7684\u8003\u8bd5\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u90fd\u662f\u4ed6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7ed9\u4e2d\u56fd\u63a8\u884c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u4ece1920-1924\u5e74\uff0c\u505a\u300a\u751f\u547d\u300b\u6708\u520a\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\uff0c1924-1928\u5e74\u505a\u300a\u771f\u7406\u300b\u5468\u520a\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u8ddf\u8d75\u7d2b\u5bb8\u505a\u597d\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u8ddf\u5f90\u5b9d\u8c26\u505a\u597d\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u518d\u8ddf\u5434\u96f7\u5ddd\u505a\u597d\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ddf\u53f8\u5f92\u96f7\u767b\u4e5f\u662f\u597d\u670b\u53cb\u30021926\u5e74\uff0c\u4e24\u4efd\u520a\u7269\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u6539\u540d\u4e3a\u300a\u771f\u7406\u4e0e\u751f\u547d\u300b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u7f16\u8f91\u30021936\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e3b\u7f16\u7684\u300a\u666e\u5929\u9882\u8d5e\u300b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bd7\u6b4c\u672c\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u7ecf\u6559\u4f1a\u91c7\u7528\u53d7\u5230\u666e\u904d\u5730\u79f0\u8d5e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u7684\u8d5e\u7f8e\u8bd7\u6b4c\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u3002\u5218\u5ef7\u82b3\u662f\u71d5\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f52\u56fd\u7684\u7559\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u4ed6\u867d\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u57281921-1926\u5e74\u4e4b\u95f4\u4efb\u71d5\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u5b97\u6559\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u957f\uff0c1928\u5e74\u7531\u8d75\u7d2b\u5bb8\u63a5\u4efb\u8fd9\u4e2a\u804c\u5206\u3002\u4ed6\u505a\u53f8\u5f92\u96f7\u767b\u71d5\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u6821\u957f\u7684\u52a9\u7406\u5f88\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u804c\u52a1\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u660e\u7684\u71d5\u5927\u6821\u957f\uff0cChancellor\uff0c\u90a3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6211\u4eec\u4e0b\u9762\u4f1a\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u3002\u53f8\u5f92\u96f7\u767b\u5728\u82f1\u6587\u662f\u53eb\u4f5c\u6821\u957f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u82f1\u6587\u8fd9\u4e2aChancellor\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u529b\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u519b\u9600\u8ddf\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u53d7\u5230\u6559\u80b2\u754c\u7684\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u6821\u957f\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u6821\u957f\u201d\u5728\u82f1\u6587\u7684\u71d5\u5927\u7684\u5baa\u7ae0\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u90a3\u4e2a\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u67c4\u7684Chancellor\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u7ffb\u6210\u201c\u6821\u957f\u201d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u201c\u6821\u957f\u201d\u53c8\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u660e\u7684\u201c\u6821\u52a1\u957f\u201d\u3002\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u82f1\u6587\u7684\u6821\u957f\u662f\u53f8\u5f92\u96f7\u767b\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u7684\u201c\u6821\u957f\u201d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u82f1\u6587\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u529b\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u53eb\u201c\u6821\u957f\u201d\u3002\u4e0e\u8d75\u7d2b\u5bb8\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5218\u5ef7\u82b3\u64c5\u957f\u4ea4\u9645\u3001\u7cbe\u4e8e\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u6700\u80fd\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5916\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u4e3a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u8fa9\u62a4\u3001\u5450\u558a\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u6bd4\u8f83\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u540c\u4ec1\uff0c\u548c\u51e0\u4f4d\u5973\u751f\u773c\u4e2d\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u6027\u6d3b\u6cfc\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u800c\u8d75\u7d2b\u5bb8\u6bd4\u8f83\u5e84\u91cd\uff0c\u4e25\u884c\u8c28\u614e\uff0c\u4e3e\u6b62\u7aef\u5e84\u3002\u5218\u5ef7\u82b3\u4e8e1936\u5e74\uff0c\u51fa\u4efb\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u5f8b\u6cd5\u59d4\u5458\uff0c\u4f7f\u8d75\u7d2b\u5bb8\u975e\u5e38\u5730\u5931\u671b\u3002\u5218\u5ef7\u82b3\u4e8e1947\u5e74\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u65b0\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u5ddeAlbuquerque\u56e0\u4e3a\u75c5\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c57\u5c81\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u751f\u547d\u793e\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4f4d\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u662f\u5434\u96f7\u5ddd\uff0c\u53c8\u540d\u5434\u9707\u6625\uff08\uff0c\u9707\u64bc\u7684\u201c\u9707\u201d\u3001\u6625\u5929\u7684\u201c\u6625\u201d\uff09\u30021870\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u6c5f\u82cf\u5f90\u5dde\uff0c\u7956\u7c4d\u6d59\u6c5f\u676d\u5dde\uff0c\u662f\u53f8\u5f92\u96f7\u767b\uff0cJohn Leighton Stuart\u7684\u51fa\u751f\u5730\u3002\u5434\u5bb6\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u5bcc\u6709\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u8003\u5230\u79c0\u624d\u7b49\u7b49\u7684\uff0c\u5434\u96f7\u5ddd\u4ece\u516d\u5c81\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u5b66\u56db\u4e66\u4e94\u7ecf\uff0c16\u5c81\u8003\u53d6\u79c0\u624d\uff0c23\u5c811893\u5e74\u8003\u7b2c\u56db\u6b21\u4e4b\u540e\u4e2d\u4e3e\uff0c28\u5c811898\u5e74\u8003\u53d6\u8fdb\u58eb\u8fdb\u5230\u7ff0\u6797\u9662\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u72b6\u5143\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u90a3\u4e00\u5e74\u7684\u767e\u65e5\u7ef4\u65b0\u9769\u65b0\uff0c\u5c31\u662f1898\u5e74\uff0c\u5eb7\u6709\u4e3a\u6240\u53d1\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u7687\u5e1d\u5ba3\u5e03\u4e00\u767e\u5929\u91cc\u9762\u5ba3\u5e03\u4e00\u767e\u6761\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c31\u90fd\u88ab\u6148\u79a7\u592a\u540e\u90fd\u53d6\u6d88\uff0c\u8bf4\u7687\u5e1d\u75c5\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u628a\u4ed6\u5173\u5728\u9890\u548c\u56ed\u91cc\u9762\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u767e\u65e5\u7ef4\u65b0\u9769\u65b0\u53d8\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u505a\u5b98\u7684\u804c\u4f4d\uff0c1898\u5e74\u4e00\u76f4\u52301904\u5e74\uff0c\u5434\u96f7\u5ddd\u5728\u5bb6\u670d\u4f8d\u591a\u75c5\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u30021905\u300106\u4e24\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u7236\u6bcd\u5148\u540e\u53bb\u4e16\u4e86\u30021905\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u5434\u96f7\u5ddd\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u6559\u4e66\uff0c1912-1925\u5e74\u4ed6\u5728\u653f\u5e9c\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5434\u96f7\u5ddd\u57281914\u5e74\u7688\u4f9d\u57fa\u7763\u6559\uff0c\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u5723\u516c\u4f1a\u53d7\u6d17\uff0c\u4ece\u6b64\u63a5\u7eb3\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u4e5f\u79ef\u6781\u5730\u53c2\u4e0e\u6559\u4f1a\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\u3001\u513f\u5b50\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u76f8\u7ee7\u6b7b\u53bb\u4e86\u30021922\u5e74\u975e\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u8fd0\u52a8\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5434\u96f7\u5ddd\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u751f\u547d\u793e\u793e\u5458\u4e2d\u53d7\u975e\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u8fd0\u52a8\u5f71\u54cd\u6700\u6df1\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u5f00\u59cb\u6279\u8bc4\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e0d\u5408\u56fd\u60c5\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u9000\u51fa\u751f\u547d\u793e\u5e76\u4e0e\u53cb\u4eba\u5b9d\u5e7f\u6797\u3001\u5434\u8000\u5b97\u7b49\u7b49\u521b\u529e\u4e86\u300a\u771f\u7406\u300b\u5468\u520a\uff0c\u7f16\u8005\u5168\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u4e8e1923\u523026\u5e74\u671f\u95f4\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u4ed6\u6700\u51fa\u540d\u7684\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u300a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u300b\uff0c\u4e8e1936\u5e74\u9762\u4e16\u3002\u9a6c\u4e0a\u8d75\u7d2b\u5bb8\u5c31\u975e\u5e38\u5931\u671b\uff0c\u6279\u5224\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u3002\u5434\u96f7\u5ddd\u4e8e1929\u5e74\u4efb\u71d5\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u7a7a\u8854\u6821\u957f\uff0cChancellor\u30021934\u5e74\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u6ee1\u800c\u8f9e\u804c\uff0c\u641e\u4e865\u5e74\uff0c\u4e00\u809a\u5b50\u6c14\u3002\u4ecd\u7136\u7ee7\u7eed\u5730\u5199\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u65f6\u95f4\u6559\u4e66\u30021937\u5e74\u65e5\u519b\u4fb5\u5165\u5317\u4eac\uff0c\u4ed6\u7559\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u5728\u8857\u5934\u5356\u5b57\u4e3a\u751f\uff0c1944\u5e7410\u670826\u53f7\u5728\u8d2b\u56f0\u4e2d\u53bb\u4e16\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5434\u96f7\u5ddd\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u51fa\u56fd\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e0d\u901a\u82f1\u8bed\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0e\u8d75\u7d2b\u5bb8\u3001\u5218\u5ef7\u82b3\u5f88\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5218\u5ef7\u82b3\u3001\u8d75\u7d2b\u5bb8\u5728\u6821\u56ed\u4f4f\u7684\u662f\u897f\u5f0f\u7684\u697c\u5bd3\uff0c\u5434\u6240\u4f4f\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u5e62\u5c0f\u5c4b\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u6734\u7d20\u8d77\u5c45\u975e\u5e38\u53d7\u4eba\u5c0a\u656c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Philip West\u5728\u4ed6\u6240\u5199\u7684Yenching University and Sino-Western Relations, 1916-1952 \uff0c\u82f1\u6587\u7684\uff0c\u300a\u71d5\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u4e0e\u4e2d\u897f\u5173\u7cfb1916-1952\u5e74\u300b\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u63d0\u5230\u5434\u96f7\u5ddd\u4e24\u4f4d\u540c\u4e8b\u5bf9\u4ed6\u7684\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\uff08\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u662f\u4ece\u82f1\u6587\u7ffb\u6210\u4e2d\u6587\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u4eba\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u3002\uff09 \u6885\u8d3b\u5b9d\u8bf4\u4ed6\u667a\u6167\u5145\u8db3\u3001\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4f1f\u5927\u3001\u5bcc\u6709\u6c14\u8282\u3001\u5f85\u4eba\u5bbd\u539a\u3001\u53d7\u4eba\u4fe1\u4efb\u3001\u968f\u65f6\u542c\u4eba\u5410\u9732\u5fc3\u66f2\u3001\u591a\u4ee5\u6307\u793a\u3002\u4e0e\u5434\u96f7\u5ddd\u5728\u6821\u820d\u4e3a\u90bb\u820d\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u5305\u82f1\u987f\uff0cGrace Boynton\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u5355\u8eab\u7684\u5973\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\uff0c\u8d5e\u5434\u7684\u5723\u8d24\u8d44\u8d28\uff0c\u56ed\u6797\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u5403\u7684\u662f\u852c\u83dc\u767d\u996d\uff0c\u7a7f\u7740\u6734\u7d20\u65e0\u534e\uff0c\u4e8e\u753b\u5377\u7b14\u58a8\u4e2d\u6d88\u78e8\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5728\u9662\u4e2d\u548c\u53cb\u4eba\u4e3e\u676f\u8d4f\u6708\u8fdb\u884c\u503e\u5fc3\u503e\u8c08\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8d75\u7d2b\u5bb8\u3001\u5218\u5ef7\u82b3\u3001\u5434\u96f7\u5ddd\u4e09\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u786e\u5b9e\u5404\u6709\u6027\u683c\u7684\u3002\u8d75\u7d2b\u5bb8\u4e0e\u5218\u5ef7\u82b3\u6781\u4e3a\u5173\u6ce8\u4e2d\u56fd\u6559\u4f1a\u548c\u6559\u4f1a\u6240\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u5404\u9879\u7684\u4e8b\u5de5\uff0c\u4f46\u8d75\u7d2b\u5bb8\u548c\u5434\u96f7\u5ddd\u5728\u975e\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u8fd0\u52a8\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u540c\u611f\u975e\u5e38\u7684\u7126\u8651\u4e0d\u5b89\uff0c\u5434\u96f7\u5ddd\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u66f4\u52a0\u5389\u5bb3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5434\u96f7\u5ddd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u8d75\u7d2b\u5bb8\u548c\u5218\u5ef7\u82b3\u65e0\u6cd5\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u3002\u8d75\u7d2b\u5bb8\u57281945\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8d5e\u540c\u5434\u96f7\u5ddd\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u9769\u547d\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u5218\u5ef7\u82b3\u5584\u4e8e\u4ea4\u9645\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u5b66\u8005\u578b\u7684\u8d75\u7d2b\u5bb8\u548c\u5434\u96f7\u5ddd\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e0e\u5176\u76f8\u6bd4\u7684\u3002\u4e09\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u505a\u5230\u71d5\u4eac\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u6821\u957f\uff0c\u76f4\u52301946\u5e74\u9646\u5fd7\u4f1f\u624d\u4efb\u71d5\u4eac\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6821\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u56db\u4f4d\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u793e\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7269\u5f90\u5b9d\u8c26\uff0c1892\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u6d59\u6c5f\u4e0a\u865e\u4e00\u4e66\u9999\u95e8\u7b2c\u3002\u4ed6\u5e7c\u5e74\u8d77\u63a5\u53d7\u4f20\u7edf\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u6709\u795e\u7ae5\u7684\u7f8e\u8a89\uff0c18\u5c81\u8003\u53d6\u4e86\u5317\u4eac\u7a0e\u52a1\u5b66\u6821\u3002\u4ed6\u5bf91911\u5e74\u7684\u9769\u547d\u5931\u671b\u4e4b\u540e\u8f6c\u800c\u5bc4\u671b\u4e8e\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u9752\u5e74\u4f1a\uff0cYMCA\u3002\u4ece1912\u5e74\u8d77\u4ed6\u5f00\u59cb\u8bfb\u5723\u7ecf\uff0c\u4e5f\u542c\u5230\u4e86Sherwood Eddy\uff0c\u827e\u8fea\uff0cJohn R Mott\uff0c\u6155\u5fb7\u4e24\u4e2a\u4eba\u5728\u9752\u5e74\u4f1a\u4e0a\u7684\u8bb2\u5ea7\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b97\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u7684\u5e03\u9053\u4f1a\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u590f\u4ee4\u4f1a\u4e0a\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\u5317\u4eac\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u6559\u6388John Burgess\uff0c\u5e03\u5409\u65af\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u5f90\u5b9d\u8c26\u7406\u6027\u4e0a\u7684\u96be\u9898\uff0c\u5f15\u5bfc\u4ed6\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e86\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u795e\u6027\uff0c\u5f90\u5b9d\u8c26\u4ece\u6b64\u7688\u4f9d\u57fa\u7763\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u70ed\u5fc3\u5404\u79cd\u7684\u670d\u4e8b\u3002\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\u5728\u7a0e\u52a1\u5b66\u6821\u5f00\u529e\u67e5\u7ecf\u73ed\uff0c\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u5f00\u529e\u793e\u4f1a\u670d\u52a1\u793e\uff0c1914\u5e74\u51fa\u4efb\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u9752\u5e74\u4f1a\u5317\u4eac\u897f\u57ce\u533a\u5b66\u751f\u5e72\u4e8b\uff0c1915\u5e74\u51e0\u4e4e\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u6bcf\u4e00\u6240\u5927\u5b66\u8ddf\u4e2d\u5b66\u91cc\u90fd\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u9752\u5e74\u4f1a\u7684\u5206\u90e8\u30021915\u5e74\u4ed6\u5e26\u9886\u59bb\u5b50\u548c\u5f1f\u5f1f\u4fe1\u4e3b\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f2f\u4f2f\u539f\u5148\u6781\u529b\u53cd\u5bf9\u57fa\u7763\u6559\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u5e26\u9886\u4e4b\u4e0b\u4e5f\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u70ed\u5fc3\u7684\u57fa\u8981\u6d3e\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff08\uff0c\u5f90\u5b9d\u8c26\u4e0d\u662f\u57fa\u8981\u6d3e\u7684\uff09\u30021919\u5e74\u5f90\u5b9d\u8c26\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e86\u6b63\u9053\u56e2\uff0c\u521b\u529e\u4e86\u300a\u751f\u547d\u300b\u5b63\u520a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u520a\u7269\u5f00\u59cb\u7531\u5317\u4eac\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u9752\u5e74\u4f1a\u53d1\u884c\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u7531\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u5b97\u6559\u5b66\u9662\u63a5\u7ba1\u30021921-1923\u5e74\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5f90\u5b9d\u8c26\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u534f\u548c\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u548c\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u653b\u8bfb\uff0c\u4e8e1932-1933\u5b66\u5e74\u518d\u56de\u5230\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5b8c\u6210\u4ed6\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u6bd5\u4e1a\u8bba\u6587\u662f\u300a\u65b0\u5112\u5bb6\u7684\u4f26\u7406\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u738b\u9633\u660e\u90a3\u79cd\u7684\u4f26\u7406\u30021930\u5e74\u505a\u4e16\u754c\u5b66\u751f\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u540c\u76df\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u7279\u522b\u5e72\u4e8b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u4ed6\u53bb\u4e86\u6b27\u6d32\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e2aYMCA\u5b66\u751f\u90e8\u4e16\u754c\u6027\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5e72\u4e8b\u30021924\u5e74\u4efb\u71d5\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u5b97\u6559\u5b66\u9662\u5ba2\u5ea7\u8bb2\u5e08\uff0c1924\u5e74\u5f88\u65e9\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u8bfb\u4e86\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u56de\u5230\u71d5\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u4e66\u30021926\u523035\u5e74\u4e13\u4efb\u71d5\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u6559\u804c\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u8bfb\u5b8c\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u5c31\u56de\u5230\u71d5\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u5446\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e48\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u624d\u56de\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u535a\u58eb\u7684\u3002\u8d75\u7d2b\u5bb8\u57281932-1934\u5e74\u4f11\u5047\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5f90\u5b9d\u8c26\u662f\u5b97\u6559\u5b66\u9662\u4ee3\u7406\u9662\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f90\u5b9d\u8c26\u5bf9\u552f\u7231\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0cPacitism\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u548c\u5e73\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u53cd\u6218\uff0c\u548c\u4fee\u517b\u793e\uff0cAshram\uff0c\u963f\u4ec0\u62c9\u59c6\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u66fe\u7ecf\u4e8e1938\u5e74\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u6c64\u5df4\u4efb\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6559\u534f\u7684\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\uff0c\uff08\u5f53\u65f6\u4e0d\u53eb\u4e16\u754c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6559\u534f\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u4e2a\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\uff09\u9047\u89c1\u5230\u7518\u5730\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e0e\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u738b\u9633\u660e\u7684\u65b0\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e92\u4e3a\u8865\u5145\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u628aWilliam E Hocking\u7684\u300a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e2d\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u300b\uff0cThe Meaning of God in Human 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