\u795e\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba \u9605\u8bfb\u8d44\u6599 38B \u6155\u7406\uff0c\u300a\u7f57\u9a6c\u4eba\u4e66\u6ce8\u91ca\u300b\u6458\u5f55\ufe553\ufe5523\u4e0b-24<\/p>\n
John Murray, Epistle to the Romans, 3:23b-24<\/p>\n
3\ufe5523b-24<\/p>\n
23 \u56e0\u4e3a\u4e16\u4eba\u90fd\u72af\u4e86\u7f6a\uff0c\u4e8f\u7f3a\u4e86\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8363\u8000\u3002<\/p>\n
24\u00a0 \u5982\u4eca\u5374\u8499\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u6069\u5178\uff0c\u56e0\u57fa\u7763\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u6551\u8d4e\uff0c\u5c31\u767d\u767d\u7684\u79f0\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7f573\ufe5523\uff08\u7eed\uff09<\/p>\n
Romans 3:23 (cont\u2019d)<\/p>\n
\u65e2\u7136\u300c\u56e0\u4fe1\u8036\u7a23\u57fa\u7763\u300d\uff08\u501f\u7740\u4fe1\u9760\u8036\u7a23\u57fa\u7763\uff09\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6db5\u4e49\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u95ee\ufe55\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4fdd\u7f57\u518d\u8bf4\ufe55\u300c\u52a0\u7ed9\u4e00\u5207\u76f8\u4fe1\u7684\u4eba\u300d\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u610f\u601d\u5e76\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6700\u5408\u7406\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u662f\uff08\u89c1\u4e0a\uff0c1\ufe5517\uff09\ufe55\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u4e49\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u501f\u7740\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff08\u4fe1\u9760\u8036\u7a23\u57fa\u7763\uff09\u5728\u4eba\u751f\u547d\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u6548\u529b\uff1b\u66f4\u662f\u5728\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u7684\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\u751f\u6548\u3002\u4fe1\u5fc3\u5728\u6210\u5c31\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff08\u8bd1\u6ce8\ufe55\u6210\u5c31\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u4e49\uff09\u4e0a\u5927\u6709\u679c\u6548\uff1b\u65e0\u8bba\u4fe1\u9760\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u8c01\uff0c\u90fd\u5fc5\u5b9a\u6709\u6548\u3002\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u4e00\u518d\u5f3a\u8c03\u8fd9\u9879\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u591a\u6b64\u4e00\u4e3e\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u4e0a\u6587\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7c7b\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u6216\u5916\u90a6\u4eba\uff0c\u90fd\u5728\u7f6a\uff08\u7684\u6743\u52bf\uff09\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5206\u522b\ufe55\u4f17\u4eba\u90fd\u670d\u5728\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\u4e0e\u60e9\u7f5a\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u8363\u8000\u4e43\u662f\ufe55\u5f53\u4fe1\u5fc3\u53d1\u751f\u6548\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5e76\u4e0d\u504f\u5f85\u4eba\uff0c\u4e00\u5f8b\u4ee5\u6069\u6148\u5bf9\u5f85\u4eba\u3002\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6ca1\u6709\u6b67\u89c6\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u7c7b\u4fe1\u5f92\uff1b\u7942\u7684\u4e49\u4e34\u5230\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5206\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n
In view of these implications of the expression \u201cthrough the faith of Jesus Christ\u2019 we may wonder why there is the addition, \u201cunto all who believe.\u201d\u00a0 It is admitted that it is difficult to arrive at certainly respecting the precise thought intended.\u00a0 But the most reasonable interpretation would appear to be (cf. comments on 1:17) that not only is the righteousness of God brought into effectual relation to men through faith in Christ but it is brought into this effectual relation to all believers.[16]\u00a0\u00a0 Faith is not only effectual to this end; it is invariably effective whoever the person believing is.\u00a0 It was not superfluous for the apostle to emphasize this truth.\u00a0 He had proved that all, both Jews and Gentiles, were under sin.\u00a0 In respect of the penal judgment of God there is no difference.\u00a0 The glory of the gospel is that there is no discrimination in the favourable judgment of God when faith comes into operation.\u00a0 There is no discrimination among believers \u2013 the righteousness of God comes upon them all without distinction.<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u6837\u89e3\u91ca\u53ef\u4ece\u4e0a\u6587\u5f97\u5230\u652f\u6301\ufe55\u300c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5206\u522b\ufe55\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e16\u4eba\u90fd\u72af\u4e86\u7f6a\uff0c\u4e8f\u7f3a\u4e86\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8363\u8000\u3002\u300d\u6b63\u5982\u4f17\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u7f6a\u4eba\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u5730\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u56e0\u7740\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u6069\u5178\u767d\u767d\u79f0\u4e49\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u91cc\u7684\u4e24\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u300c\u56e0\u4fe1\u8036\u7a23\u57fa\u7763\u300d\u5f3a\u8c03\ufe55\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u4e49\u8981\u53d1\u751f\u6548\u7528\uff0c\u4f7f\u4eba\u79f0\u4e49\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u900f\u8fc7\u4fe1\u9760\u57fa\u7763\u3002\u300c\u52a0\u7ed9\u4e00\u5207\u76f8\u4fe1\u7684\u4eba\u300d\u5f3a\u8c03\ufe55\u6709\u4fe1\u5fc3\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u4e49\u4e00\u5b9a\u53d1\u751f\u6548\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
This interpretation receives confirmation from the immediately succeeding clauses: \u201cfor there is no difference: for all have sinned and come short of the glory of God.\u201d\u00a0\u00a0 As all are sinners, so all believers are justified freely by God\u2019s grace.\u00a0 There are thus two distinct shades of thought in the two elements of the clause.\u00a0 \u201cThrough faith of Jesus Christ\u201d stresses the fact that it is only through faith in Christ that this righteousness of God is operative unto justification.\u00a0 \u201cUnto all who believe\u201d stresses the fact that this righteousness is always operative when there is faith.<\/p>\n
\u300c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e16\u4eba\u90fd\u72af\u4e86\u7f6a\u300d\uff0c\u89c6\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u7f6a\u4e3a\u300c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u300d \uff08Meyer \u6ce8\u91ca\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u6307\u4eba\u7c7b\u7f6a\u6027\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u7406\u7531\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u53ea\u662f\u662f\u6307\u4e9a\u5f53\u7684\u7f6a\uff0c\u548c\u540e\u4eba\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u7f6a\u4e2d\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\uff08\u53c2\ufe55\u7f575\ufe5512\uff09\u3002\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u8981\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u4e43\u662f\ufe55\u4eba\u7c7b\u867d\u7136\u5728\u4f7f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7f6a\u6027\u548c\u540e\u679c\u8d8a\u53d1\u590d\u6742\u4e0a\u56e0\u4eba\u800c\u5f02\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u5728\u300c\u7f6a\u4eba\u300d\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u91cc\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u504f\u5f85\uff08\u53c2\ufe553\ufe559-10\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
The clause, \u201call have sinned\u201d (vs. 23), views the sin of every man \u201cas a historical fact of the past\u201d (Meyer, ad loc.).\u00a0\u00a0 The tense used is one that can do service for every aspect from which the sinfulness of the human race may be viewed, and it would not be defensible to restrict the reference to the sin of Adam and the involvement of posterity therein (cf. 5:12).\u00a0 The interest of the apostle here is to affirm that, whatever differences may obtain among members of the race in respect of the aggravations by which sinfulness is intensified, all without exception or discrimination are in the category of sinners (cf. vss. 9, 10).<\/p>\n
\u4e0e\u6b64\u53e5\u914d\u642d\u7684\u300c\u4e8f\u7f3a\u4e86\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8363\u8000\u300d\u7684\u610f\u601d\u5e76\u4e0d\u660e\u663e\uff1b\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\ufe55\u300c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6ca1\u6709\u300d\u3001\u300c\u8d2b\u4e4f\u300d\uff08\u53c2\ufe55\u592a19\ufe5520\uff1b \u8def15\ufe5514\uff1b\u6797\u524d1\ufe557\uff1b8\ufe558\uff1b12\ufe5524\uff1b\u81534\ufe5512\uff09\u3002\u6240\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u79cd\u72b6\u51b5\u53ef\u80fd\u4ece\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u884c\u52a8\uff08\u6216\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8fd9\u884c\u52a8\uff09\u800c\u6765\uff1b\u82e5\u6709\u8fd9\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8865\u6551\u8fd9\u79cd\u72b6\u51b5\u3002\u56f0\u6270\u89e3\u7ecf\u5bb6\u7684\u662f\ufe55\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u4e8f\u7f3a\u7684\u8363\u8000\uff08\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u8d2b\u4e4f\uff09\u662f\u6307\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u6709\u56db\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u5728\u5f52\u8363\u8000\u7ed9\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff0c\u8363\u8000\u4ed6\uff0c\u4f5c\u79f0\u8d5e\u4ed6\u8363\u8000\u7684\u4e8b\u4e0a\u5931\u8d25\uff08\u8fd9\u79cd\u7528\u6cd5\u53c2\ufe55\u8def17\ufe5518\uff1b \u5f9212\ufe5523\uff1b \u7f574\ufe5520\uff1b\u6797\u524d10\ufe5531\uff1b\u6797\u540e4\ufe5515\uff1b8\ufe5519\uff1b\u81531\ufe5511\uff1b 2\ufe5511\uff1b\u5e16\u524d2\ufe556\uff1b \u542f4\ufe559\uff0c11\uff1b11\ufe5513\uff1b14\ufe557\uff1b16\ufe559\uff09\u3002\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u9886\u4e0d\u5230\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6240\u6b64\u7684\u8363\u8000\u3001\u5c0a\u8d35\u3001\u8d5e\u8d4f\uff08\u53c2\ufe55\u7ea65\ufe5541\uff0c44\uff1b8\ufe5550\uff1b12\ufe5543\uff1b\u7f572\ufe557\uff0c10\uff1b\u67653\ufe553\uff1b\u5f7c\u524d1\ufe557\uff1b\u5f7c\u540e1\ufe5517\uff09\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u5728\u53cd\u6620\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8363\u8000\uff0c\u6548\u6cd5\u4ed6\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u4e0a\u6709\u4e8f\u6b20\uff08\u53c2\ufe55\u6797\u524d11\ufe557\uff1b\u6797\u540e3\ufe5518\uff1b8\ufe5523\uff09\u3002\uff08\u56db\uff09\u5f97\u4e0d\u5230\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u518d\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8d50\u7942\u5b50\u6c11\u7684\u6700\u540e\u8363\u8000\uff08\u53c2\ufe55\u7f575\ufe552\uff1b8\ufe5518\uff0c21\uff1b\u6797\u524d2\ufe557\uff1b15\ufe5543\uff1b\u6797\u540e4\ufe5517\uff1b\u897f1\ufe5527\uff1b3\ufe554\uff1b\u5e16\u540e2\ufe5514\uff1b\u63d0\u540e2\ufe5510\uff1b\u67652\ufe5510\uff1b\u5f7c\u524d5\ufe551\uff0c4\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
The import of the coordinate clause, \u201cand come short of the glory of God\u201d is not immediately apparent; there are several possibilities.\u00a0 The verb means \u201cto lack,\u201d \u201cto want,\u201d \u201cto be destitute of\u201d (cf. Matt. 19:20; Luke 15:14; I Cor. 1:7; 8:8; 12:24; Phil. 4:12).\u00a0 It refers to a condition, not to an action, though, of course, the condition may arise from the absence of action which would have remedied or prevented the condition.\u00a0 The question that raises some difficulty and on which commentators differ is: what is the glory of God of which we come short and are destitute?\u00a0 There are four possibilities: (1) to fail to render to God the glory, to fail to glorify him or do what is to the praise of his glory (cf. for this use of the word \u201cglory\u201d Luke 17:18; Acts 12:23; Rom. 4:20; I Cor. 10:31; II Cor. 4:15; 8:19; Phil. 1:11; 2:11; I Thess. 2:6; Rev. 4:9, 11; 11:13; 14:7; 16:9); (2) to fail of receiving the glory, honour, or approbation which God bestows (cf. John 5:41, 44; 8:50; 12:43; Rom. 2:7, 10; Heb. 3:3; I Pet. 1:7; II Pet. 1:17); (3) to come short of reflecting the glory of God, that is, of conformity to his image (cf. I Cor. 11:7; II Cor. 3:18; 8:23); (4) to fail of the consummated glory that will be dispensed to the people of God at the coming of Christ (cf. Rom. 5:2; 8:18, 21; I Cor. 2:7; 15:43; II Cor. 4:17; Col. 1:27; 3:4; II Thess. 2:14; II Tim. 2:10; Heb. 2:10; I Pet. 5:1, 4).<\/p>\n
\u65b0\u7ea6\u5723\u7ecf\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0e\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u76f8\u540c\u6216\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff1b\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u663e\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u56f0\u96be\u4e86\u3002\u56db\u79cd<\/p>\n
\u89e3\u91ca\u90fd\u6709\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u7406\u7531\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u8003\u8651\u6240\u6709\u56e0\u7d20\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\u6bd4\u8f83\u5408\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
The difficulty is not a little accentuated by the fact that there is no precise parallel to this expression in the New Testament and a good case might be made for each of the four interpretations.\u00a0 One can only indicate a slight balance of considerations in favour of interpretation (3).<\/p>\n
\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u4fdd\u7f57\u7528\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f62\u5bb9\u4e00\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u63a8\u8bba\uff0c\u4fdd\u7f57\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u60f3\u5230\u4eba\u7c7b\u56e0\u7f6a\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u800c\u9677\u5165\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\uff1b\u8fd9\u4e0e\u300c\u4e16\u4eba\u90fd\u72af\u4e86\u7f6a\u300d\u76f8\u5bf9\u79f0\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u51cf\u4f4e\u4e86\u7b2c\u56db\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u8bf4\u670d\u529b\u3002\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u4fdd\u7f57\u7684\u610f\u601d\u82e5\u6839\u636e\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u4ed6\u5927\u53ef\u4ee5\u53e6\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\uff0c\u5982\u300c\u5f52\u300d(giving)\u8363\u8000\uff1b\u8fd9\u7684\u786e\u662f\u65b0\u7ea6\u5723\u7ecf\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u4fdd\u7f57\u4e66\u4fe1\u7684\u4f5c\u6cd5\u3002\u6216\u8005\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u00a0 \u201cunto\u201d \u4e00\u5b57\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837 \u201cunto the glory of God\u201d \uff08\u5f52\u8363\u8000\u7ed9\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff09\u5c31\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\uff08\u53c2\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u7ecf\u6587\uff09\u3002\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u867d\u7136\u6839\u636e\u65b0\u7ea6\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u300c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8363\u8000\u300d\u53ef\u6307\u4ece\u4e0a\u5e1d\u800c\u6765\u7684\u8363\u8000\uff08\u53c2\ufe55\u7ea612\ufe5543\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u6e05\u695a\u8868\u8fbe\u8fd9\u610f\u601d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u300c\u4ece\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6765\u7684\u8363\u8000\u300d (glory from God)\u3002\uff08\u56db\uff09\u4fdd\u7f57\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4f5c\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u5c06\u6551\u8d4e\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u6765\u7684\u798f\u4efd\uff0c\u548c\u7f6a\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u540e\u679c\u5bf9\u7167\uff0c\u5982\ufe55\u6211\u4eec\u88ab\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u6837\u5f0f\uff08\u6797\u540e3\ufe5518\uff09\u3002\u800c\u5f62\u5bb9\u6211\u4eec\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u6bd4\u300c\u4e8f\u7f3a\u8363\u8000\u300d\u7684\u8d2b\u4e4f\u66f4\u8d34\u5207\u3001\u66f4\u751f\u52a8\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u53cd\u6620\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5b8c\u7f8e (perfection)\u3001\u7942\u7684\u8363\u8000\uff1b\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5b8c\u7f8e\u6027\u975e\u5e38\u8d2b\u4e4f\u3002<\/p>\n
(a) Paul uses the present tense of a verb which is descriptive of a state or condition.\u00a0 We should infer therefore that he is reflecting on a present condition of all men arising from the fact of sin; it is coordinate with the fact that all have sinned.\u00a0 This consideration would tend to make (4) less tenable.\u00a0 (b) If (1) were intended by the apostle it is reasonable to suppose that he would have inserted some other term such as that of \u201cgiving\u201d glory to God after the pattern of the usage of the New Testament in general and of him in particular, or he would have used the preposition \u201cunto\u201d and have adapted the whole expression so as to read \u201cunto the glory of God\u201d, as in passages cited above under (1).\u00a0 (c) Although the phrase \u201cthe glory of God\u201d could, in terms of New Testament usage, be applied to the praise that comes from God (cf. John 12:43), yet the more perspicuous in this regard would be \u201cglory from God\u201d.[17]\u00a0\u00a0 (d) It is quite Pauline to represent that which redemption secures, in contrast with that which sin has brought, as transformation into the image of God (cf. II Cor. 3:18).\u00a0 In describing our present condition nothing would be more pertinent or descriptive than to define it in terms of our destitution in this regard.\u00a0 We are destitute of that perfection which is the reflection of the divine perfection and therefore of the glory of God.<\/p>\n
\u7b2c24\u8282<\/p>\n
\u89e3\u7ecf\u5bb6\u5bf924\u8282\u4e0a\u7684\u9020\u53e5\u611f\u5230\u56f0\u60d1\u3002\u300c\uff08\u88ab\uff09\u79f0\u4e49\u300d\u7684\u5206\u8bcd (participle) \u5982\u4f55\u4e0e\u4e0a\u6587\u5173\u8054\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u5e76\u4e0d\u660e\u663e\u3002\u6700\u6709\u7406\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\ufe5522\u8282\u4e0b\u548c23\u8282\ufe55\u300c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5206\u522b\ufe55\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f17\u4eba\u90fd\u72af\u4e86\u7f6a\uff0c\u4e8f\u7f3a\u4e86\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8363\u8000\u300d\u662f\u6574\u6bb5\u601d\u8def\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u62ec\u53f7\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u9020\u53e5\u548c\u4f5c\u8005\u539f\u610f\uff0c\u300c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e49\u300d (being justified) \u5c31\u4e0e22\u8282\u4e0a\u8fde\u8d77\u6765\ufe55\u300c\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u4e49\uff0c\u56e0\u4fe1\u8036\u7a23\u57fa\u7763\u52a0\u7ed9\u4e00\u5207\u76f8\u4fe1\u7684\u4eba\u300d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u987b\u63d0\u51fa\ufe55\u6574\u5377\u7f57\u9a6c\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u300c\u79f0\u4e49\u300d\u8fd9\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6574\u5377\u4e66\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u672c\u8282\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u76f4\u63a5\u5730\u3001\u6b63\u9762\u5730\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u4e0a\u6587\u7e94\u4e3a\u4e3b\u9898\uff08\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u4e49\uff09\u8ba2\u4e86\u5b9a\u4e49\ufe55\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u4e49\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u501f\u7740\u4fe1\u9760\u8036\u7a23\u57fa\u7763\u751f\u6548\u7684\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u4fdd\u7f57\u518d\u89e3\u91ca\ufe55\u8fd9\u300c\u79f0\u4e49\u300d\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u6069\u5178\uff0c\u767d\u767d\u8d50\u4e0b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u300c\u79f0\u4e49\u300d\u5206\u8bcd (being justified) \u80cc\u540e\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u7406\u5ff5\ufe55\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u300c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u4e49\u300d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u79f0\u4e49\uff0c\u4e0e\u300c\u5f8b\u6cd5\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u5c31\u79f0\u4e49\u300d\u6210\u4e86\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u5bf9\u7167\uff0820\u8282\uff09\u3002\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u300c\u79f0\u4e49\u300d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\uff08\u8499\uff09\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6069\u5178\u767d\u767d\u6240\u8d50\u7684\u3002\u9020\u79cd\u9020\u53e5\u6cd5\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0d\u5bfb\u5e38\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5e26\u6765\u4ec0\u592a\u5927\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u5c31\u7b97\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c22\u8282\u4e0b\u548c23\u8282\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u62ec\u53f7\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u56e0\u9020\u53e5\u800c\u611f\u5230\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u300c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e49\u300d (being justified) \u4e5f\u4e0e\u300c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5206\u522b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e16\u4eba\u90fd\u72af\u4e86\u7f6a\uff0c\u4e8f\u7f3a\u4e86\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8363\u8000\u300d\u6709\u5173\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0a\u9762\u5df2\u7ecf\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u7f6a\u6027\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6027\uff08\u4eba\u7c7b\u90fd\u662f\u7f6a\u4eba\uff09\u5f71\u54cd\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u5b9e\ufe55\u4fe1\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u4eba\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5206\u522b\ufe55\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u662f\u300c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u4e49\u300d\u7684\u53d7\u60e0\u8005\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4fdd\u7f57\u4e3a\u300c\u79f0\u4e49\u300d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e3b\u9898\u6e05\u695a\u8ba2\u4e0b\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u8bf4\u660e\u300c\u79f0\u4e49\u300d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u518d\u5f3a\u8c03\u79f0\u4e49\u662f\u300c\u767d\u767d\u300d\u5f97\u6765\u3001\u662f\u300c\u8499\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u6069\u5178\u300d\uff0c\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5408\u5b9c\u7684\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c22\u8282\u4e0b\u300123\u8282\u4e0e\u4e0a\u6587\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u975e\u5e38\u5bc6\u5207\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e0b\u6587\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5173\uff1b24\u8282\u63a5\u774022\u8282\u4e0a\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u53d1\u6325\u3002<\/p>\n
Verse 24.\u00a0 Commentators have encountered difficulty with the construction at the beginning of verse 24.\u00a0 The participle \u201cbeing justified\u201d does not appear to stand in relation to what precedes in a way that is easily intelligible.\u00a0 The most tenable view is that of those interpreters who regard what immediately precedes in verses 22b, 23, \u201cfor there is no difference: for all have sinned and come short of the glory of God\u201d, as parenthetical to that which is the main subject of this paragraph.\u00a0 As regards construction and intent, therefore, \u201cbeing justified\u201d is to be construed in direct sequence with \u201ca righteousness of God through faith of Jesus Christ, unto all who believe\u201d (vs. 22a).\u00a0 It is perhaps not irrelevant to observe that this is the first time in this epistle that Paul uses this verb directly and positively in reference to what is the leading theme of this epistle.[18]\u00a0 He had just defined his theme in terms of the righteousness of God operative through faith in Christ and now he is giving explication in express terms of justification freely by the grace of God.\u00a0 These two thoughts, namely, that this righteousness of God is our justification in contrast with the impossibility of the works of the law (vs. 20) and that this justification is the free gift of God by grace are sufficient ground for the defining participle, \u201cbeing justified.\u201d\u00a0 And there is no reason for hesitating at what may appear to us as unusual construction.\u00a0 Even if we do not allow that the immediately preceding clauses are parenthetical to the main thought of this passage \u2013 a position that has much to commend it \u2013 there should be no difficulty with the construction.\u00a0 For the fact that there is no difference and that all have sinned and come short of the glory of God has close bearing upon the thought expressed in the participle \u201cbeing justified.\u201d\u00a0 As we have found already, the fact of universal sinfulness bears directly upon the other fact that there is no discrimination among believers \u2013 they all are beneficiaries of the righteousness of God.\u00a0 So now in defining this theme in the express terms of justification the universality of sin is equally pertinent to the freeness and graciousness of justification as well as to that which justification itself connotes.\u00a0 In other words, verses 22b, 23 stand in the most significant relation both to what precedes and to what follows and verse 24 resumes the theme of verse 22a in terms that define and expand the latter.<\/p>\n
\u300c\u8499\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u6069\u5178\u300d \u4e0e\u300c\u767d\u767d\u5730\u300d\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u662f\u5f3a\u8c03\ufe55\u4e0a\u5e1d\u79f0\u4e49\u7684\u4f5c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4eba\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u529f\u52b3\u8d5a\u56de\u6765\u3002\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7684\u767d\u767d\u3001\u4e3b\u6743\u6027\uff0c\u4e43\u662f20\u8282\u6240\u5ba3\u79f0\u7684\ufe55\u300c\u51e1\u6709\u8840\u6c14\u7684\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u56e0\u884c\u5f8b\u6cd5\u80fd\u5728\u795e\u9762\u524d\u79f0\u4e49\u300d\u6b63\u9762\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u3002\u4fdd\u7f57\u7684\u300c\u79f0\u4e49\u7684\u6559\u4e49\u300d\u91cc\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u4e43\u662f\ufe55\u4e0a\u5e1d\u79f0\u4e49\u7684\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u88ab\u4eba\u6027 (anything we are) \u6216\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u4e3a (anything we do)\u5de6\u53f3\ufe55\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0a\u5e1d\u3001\u63a8\u52a8\u7942\u79f0\u4eba\u4e3a\u4e49\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u662f\u3001\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u4e0d\u5355\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0a\u5e1d\u79f0\u4e49\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u521a\u597d\u5bfc\u81f4\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u5224\u65ad\ufe55\u5728\u4e0a\u5e1d\u9762\u524d\u5168\u4eba\u7c7b\u90fd \u88ab\u5b9a\u7f6a\uff08\u53c23\ufe559\uff0c19\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u79f0\u4e49\u7684\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7684\u52a8\u673a\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u548c\u4e00\u5207\u51b3\u5b9a\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u90fd\u6765\u81ea\u4e0a\u5e1d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u672c\u6027\u548c\u7942\u7684\u4f5c\u4e3a\uff1b\u7942\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\uff0c\u5c3d\u90fd\u51fa\u81ea\u7942\u767d\u767d\u7684\uff0c\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u6069\u5178\u3002\u4eba\u82e5\u8bd5\u56fe\u732e\u9648\u4efb\u4f55\u529f\u5fb7\u6765\u8d5a\u5f97\u79f0\u4e49\uff0c\u5c31\u5b8c\u5168\u8fdd\u80cc\u4fdd\u7f57\u300c\u79f0\u4e49\u7684\u6559\u4e49\u300d\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u8fdd\u80cc\u4ed6\u7684\u798f\u97f3\u3002\u57fa\u7763\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u8363\u8000\u5c31\u662f\ufe55\u798f\u97f3\u662f\u767d\u767d\u6069\u5178\u7684\u798f\u97f3\u3002<\/p>\n
The combination of the terms \u201cfreely\u201d and \u201cby his grace\u201d has the effect of emphasizing the completely unmerited character of God\u2019s justifying act.\u00a0 The free and sovereign graciousness of the act is the positive complement to that which had been asserted in verse 20 that \u201cfrom the works of the law no flesh will be justified\u201d in God\u2019s sight.\u00a0 No element in Paul\u2019s doctrine of justification is more central than this \u2013 God\u2019s justifying act is not constrained to any extent or degree by anything that we are or do which could be esteemed as predisposing God to this act.\u00a0 And not only is it the case that nothing in us or done by us constrains to this act, but all that is ours compels the opposite judgment \u2013 the whole world is brought in guilty before God (cf. vvs. 9, 19).\u00a0 This action on God\u2019s part derives its whole motivation, explanation, and determination from what God himself is and does in the exercise of free and sovereign grace.\u00a0 Merit of any kind on the part of man, when brought into relation to justification, contradicts the first article of the Pauline doctrine and therefore of his gospel.\u00a0 It is the glory of the gospel of Christ that it is one of free grace.<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u6b63\u89c6\u79f0\u4e49\u662f\u767d\u767d\u7684\u3001\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u6069\u5178\uff1b\u8fd9\u300c\u6069\u5178\u300d\u7684\u771f\u7406\u662f\u81ea\u663e\u7684\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8981\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff0c\u548c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6559\u8bad\u3002\u79f0\u4e49\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u6069\u5178\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u6392\u9664\u6069\u5178\u900f\u8fc7\u4ec0\u4e48\u65b9\u6cd5 (medium) \u8fd0\u4f5c\u3002\u4fdd\u7f57\u9a6c\u4e0a\u52a0\u4e00\u53e5\ufe55\u300c\u56e0\u57fa\u7763\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u6551\u8d4e\u300d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u601d\u3002\u79f0\u4e49\u662f\u501f\u7740\u6551\u8d4e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u300c\u79f0\u4e49\u7684\u6069\u5178\u300d\u7684\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b\ufe55\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u79f0\u4e49\u662f\u900f\u8fc7\u600e\u6837\u7684\u91cd\u4ef7\u4e70\u6765\u7684\u3002\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u6551\u8d4e\u662f\u91cd\u4ef7\u4e70\u6765\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u8fdd\u80cc\u79f0\u4e49\u7684\u300c\u6069\u5178\u6027\u300d\uff1b\u5176\u5b9e\u66f4\u663e\u51fa\u8fd9\u300c\u6069\u5178\u6027\u300d\u3002\u300c\u56e0\u6069\u5178\u79f0\u4e49\u300d\u548c\u300c\u85c9\u6551\u8d4e\u79f0\u4e49\u300d\u8fd9\u6837\u4f18\u7f8e\u7684\u914d\u642d\uff0c\u6b63\u597d\u7ea0\u6b63\u4e86\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u8bba\u8c03\ufe55\u300c\u79f0\u4e49\u82e5\u662f\u767d\u767d\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1b\u82e5\u662f\u7528\u4ee3\u4ef7\u4e70\u56de\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u767d\u767d\u7684\u3002\u300d\u4e0d\uff1b\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u662f\uff01\u91cd\u4ef7\u4f7f\u767d\u767d\u7684\u6069\u5178\u663e\u7684\u66f4\u4f1f\u5927\uff01\u79f0\u4e49\uff0c\u662f\u501f\u7740\u57fa\u7763\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u6551\u8d4e\u800c\u6765\u7684\uff1b\u4e0d\u662f\u900f\u8fc7\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u4ed8\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1b\u4e43\u662f\u501f\u7740\u57fa\u7763\u6240\u4ed8\u7684\u91cd\u4ef7\uff0c\u597d\u53eb\u767d\u767d\u7684\u6069\u5178\u6d41\u51fa\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e0d\u8654\u7684\u4eba\u5f97\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n
The accent placed here on the freeness and graciousness of the justifying act must be noted on its own account.\u00a0 But a contextual consideration and the lessons derived from it must not be overlooked.\u00a0 The accent upon free grace does not eliminate the medium through which this free grace has come into operation.\u00a0 That is the lesson of what Paul immediately adds: \u201cthrough the redemption which is in Christ Jesus.\u201d\u00a0 This mediation shows two things in reference to the grace of justification: (1) the costly price at which this justification was procured; (2) the price at which it was procured does not negate but enhances the gracious character of the act.\u00a0 How eloquent is this collocation of justification by grace and justification through redemption in the correction of all argument to the effect that if justification is free it cannot be through price and if through price it cannot be free.\u00a0 It is both, and the price magnifies the marvel of the free grace.\u00a0 Justification is through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus; it is not through any price of ours; it is the costly price that Christ paid in order that free grace might flow unto the justification of the ungodly.<\/p>\n
\u300c\u6551\u8d4e\u300d\u6700\u6839\u672c\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u662f\u7528\u8d4e\u4ef7\u4e70\u8d4e (ransom)\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5c06\u65b0\u7ea6\u5723\u7ecf\u300c\u6551\u8d4e\u300d\u7684\u6559\u4e49\u7ea6\u5316\u4e3a\u300c\u91ca\u653e\u300d\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u8bdd\uff08\u592a20\ufe5528\uff1b\u8def10\ufe5545\uff09\u660e\u663e\u5730\u6307\u4e70\u8d4e\u7684\u8d4e\u4ef7\uff0c\u4e0e\u7942\u81ea\u5df1\u820d\u547d\ufe55\u540e\u8005\u662f\u7942\u300c\u5b9d\u8840\u300d\u7684\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u3002\u7942\u7684\u5b9d\u8840\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6551\u8d4e\u7684\u8d4e\u4ef7\u3002\u4fdd\u7f57\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u548c\u4ed6\u4e66\u4fe1\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u6240\u7528\u7684\u300c\u6551\u8d4e\u300d\u4e00\u5b57\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u601d\u3002\uff08\u53c2\ufe55\u5f171\ufe557\uff1b\u591a2\ufe5514\uff1b\u8fd8\u6709\u672b\u4e16\u6027\u7684\u6551\u8d4e\uff0c\u53c2\ufe55\u7f578\ufe5523\uff1b\u6797\u524d1\ufe5530\uff1b\u5f171\ufe5514\uff1b4\ufe5530\uff1b\u5176\u4ed6\u65b0\u7ea6\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u53c2\ufe55\u8def1\ufe5568\uff1b2\ufe5538\uff1b24\ufe5541\uff1b\u67659\ufe5512\uff0c15\uff1b\u5f7c\u524d1\ufe5518\u3002\uff09\u4fdd\u7f57\u53e6\u5916\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\uff08\u52a03\ufe5513\uff1b4\ufe554\uff1b\u53c2\uff1b\u6797\u524d6\ufe5520\uff1b\u5f7c\u540e2\ufe551\uff1b\u542f5\ufe559\uff1b14\ufe553\uff0c4\uff09\u4e5f\u662f\u540c\u4e49\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u300c\u56e0\u57fa\u7763\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u6551\u8d4e\u300d\u5c31\u662f\u85c9\u57fa\u7763\u6d41\u8840\u3001\u820d\u547d\u6240\u4ed8\u7684\u4e70\u8d4e\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1b\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5220\u9664\u8fd9\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u90e8\u4efd\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u6ce8\u610f\u4fdd\u7f57\u5fc3\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u6551\u8d4e\u662f\u6c38\u8fdc\u300c\u4f4f\u5728\u300d\u57fa\u7763\u91cc\u7684\uff1b\u662f\u300c\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u8036\u7a23\u91cc\u7684\u6551\u8d4e\u300d\u3002\u6551\u8d4e\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u91cc\u6240\u62e5\u6709\u7684\uff08\u5f171\ufe557\uff09\uff0c\u6551\u8d4e\uff0c\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u751f\u4e0a\u6240\u5f70\u663e\u7684\u3002\u57fa\u7763\u662f\u6551\u8d4e\u7684\u300c\u9053\u6210\u8089\u8eab\u300d (embodiment)\u3002\u57fa\u7763\u4e0d\u5355\u6210\u5c31\u4e86\u6551\u6069\uff1b\u6551\u8d4e\u4f4f\u5728\u6551\u8d4e\u4e3b\u91cc\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u6551\u8d4e\u7684\u529f\u52b3\uff08virtue\uff09\u548c\u529f\u6548 (efficacy) \u90fd\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u91cc\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7406\u89e3\u6551\u8d4e\uff0c\u7e94\u80fd\u663e\u51fa\u4e0a\u5e1d\u767d\u767d\u3001\u6069\u5178\u7684\u79f0\u4e49\uff0c\u662f\u501f\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\u65b9\u6cd5\u65bd\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
The root meaning of \u201credemption\u201d is to ransom by the payment of a price.\u00a0 It is impossible to reduce the New Testament concept of redemption to the mere notion of liberation.\u00a0 Our Lord\u2019s saying (Matt. 20:28; Mark 10:45) is expressly in terms of substitutive ransom and the giving of his life, which in the New Testament is the same as the shedding of his blood, the price of this redemption.\u00a0 It is this same concept that appears in the term Paul uses here as also elsewhere in other epistles (cf. Eph. 1:7; Titus 2:14 and in an eschatological sense in Rom. 8:23; I Cor. 1:30; Eph. 1:14; 4:30; see also in other New Testament writers Luke 1:68; 2:38; 24:41; Heb. 9;12, 15; I Pet. 1:18).\u00a0 Another term used by Paul (Gal. 3:13; 4:5; cf. also I Cor. 6:20; II Pet. 2:1; Rev. 5:9; 14:3, 4) conveys the same thought.\u00a0 Hence \u201cthe redemption that is in Christ Jesus\u201d cannot be reduced to lower terms than the ransom secured by Christ in the shedding of his blood and the giving of his life.[19]\u00a0 It should be noted in addition that the apostle conceives of this redemption as something that has its permanent and abiding tenancy in Christ; it is \u201cthe redemption that is in Christ Jesus\u201d.\u00a0 The redemption is not simply that which we have in Christ (Eph. 1:7) but it is the redemption of which Christ is the embodiment.\u00a0 Redemption has not only been wrought by Christ but in the Redeemer this redemption resides in its unabbreviated virtue and efficacy.\u00a0 And it is redemption thus conceived that provides the mediacy through which justification by God\u2019s free grace is applied.<\/p>\n
\u7f51\u7edc\u5723\u7ea6ccnci.org<\/a><\/p>\n