{"id":16034,"date":"2026-05-04T08:23:08","date_gmt":"2026-05-04T00:23:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/?p=16034"},"modified":"2026-05-04T08:23:08","modified_gmt":"2026-05-04T00:23:08","slug":"%e7%ba%a6%e7%bf%b0%e6%85%95%e7%90%86%e3%80%8a%e7%bd%97%e9%a9%ac%e4%ba%ba%e4%b9%a6%e6%b3%a8%e9%87%8a%e3%80%8b%e5%8d%b71_05b%ef%bc%88%e7%bd%971%ef%bc%9a16-20%ef%bc%89b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/?p=16034","title":{"rendered":"\u7ea6\u7ff0\u6155\u7406\u300a\u7f57\u9a6c\u4eba\u4e66\u6ce8\u91ca\u300b\u53771_05b\uff08\u7f571\uff1a16-20\uff09b"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <style> #h5vp6a3e3e11c6586 .h5vp_video_overlay{ top:10px; left:10px; } .popup_close_btn { display:none }.h5vp_player.popup_close .plyr { display:none }.h5vp_popup_wrapper.popup_close video { display:none }#h5vp6a3e3e11c6586 video { max-width:100% }#h5vp6a3e3e11c6586 { border-radius:0px }#h5vp6a3e3e11c6586 { overflow:hidden }#h5vp6a3e3e11c6586 .h5vp_video_overlay p { color:#fff }#h5vp6a3e3e11c6586 .h5vp_video_overlay p { font-size:20px }#h5vp6a3e3e11c6586 { width:100% }#h5vp6a3e3e11c6586 .h5vp_popup svg { background:#1ABAFF }#h5vp6a3e3e11c6586 .h5vp_video_overlay p:hover { color:#222 } <\/style>         <div>\r\n        <div data-unique-id=\"6a3e3e11c7079\" class=\"h5vp_player h5vp_player_initializer\" id=\"h5vp6a3e3e11c6586\" data-settings='{&quot;options&quot;:{&quot;controls&quot;:{&quot;play-large&quot;:&quot;show&quot;,&quot;restart&quot;:&quot;mobile&quot;,&quot;rewind&quot;:&quot;mobile&quot;,&quot;play&quot;:&quot;show&quot;,&quot;fast-forward&quot;:&quot;mobile&quot;,&quot;progress&quot;:&quot;show&quot;,&quot;current-time&quot;:&quot;show&quot;,&quot;duration&quot;:&quot;show&quot;,&quot;mute&quot;:&quot;show&quot;,&quot;volume&quot;:&quot;show&quot;,&quot;captions&quot;:&quot;show&quot;,&quot;settings&quot;:&quot;show&quot;,&quot;pip&quot;:&quot;mobile&quot;,&quot;airplay&quot;:&quot;mobile&quot;,&quot;download&quot;:&quot;hide&quot;,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:&quot;show&quot;},&quot;tooltips&quot;:{&quot;controls&quot;:true,&quot;seek&quot;:true},&quot;seekTime&quot;:10,&quot;loop&quot;:{&quot;active&quot;:false},&quot;autoplay&quot;:false,&quot;muted&quot;:false,&quot;hideControls&quot;:true,&quot;resetOnEnd&quot;:true,&quot;captions&quot;:{&quot;active&quot;:true,&quot;update&quot;:true},&quot;ratio&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;ads&quot;:{&quot;enabled&quot;:false}},&quot;infos&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:16032,&quot;startTime&quot;:0,&quot;autoplayWhenVisible&quot;:false,&quot;popup&quot;:false,&quot;popupBtnExists&quot;:false,&quot;popupBtnClass&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sticky&quot;:false,&quot;stickyPosition&quot;:&quot;top-right&quot;,&quot;protected&quot;:false,&quot;video&quot;:{&quot;source&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/ccnci.org\\\/video\\\/\\u89e3\\u7ecf\\u91ca\\u7ecf\\\/2019_\\u7f57\\u9a6c\\u4eba\\u4e66\\u6ce8\\u91ca\\u53771\\\/\\u7ea6\\u7ff0\\u6155\\u7406\\u300a\\u7f57\\u9a6c\\u4eba\\u4e66\\u6ce8\\u91ca\\u300b\\u53771_05b\\uff08\\u7f571\\uff1a16-20\\uff09b\\\/playlist.m3u8&quot;,&quot;poster&quot;:false,&quot;quality&quot;:[],&quot;subtitle&quot;:[]},&quot;provider&quot;:&quot;library&quot;,&quot;branding&quot;:false,&quot;endScreen&quot;:{&quot;btnText&quot;:&quot;Watch Again&quot;},&quot;endscreen&quot;:false,&quot;endscreen_text&quot;:&quot;Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.&quot;,&quot;endscreen_text_link&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/&quot;,&quot;streaming&quot;:true,&quot;propagans&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;streamingType&quot;:&quot;hls&quot;,&quot;disableDownload&quot;:false,&quot;disablePause&quot;:false,&quot;thumbInPause&quot;:false,&quot;FYT&quot;:false,&quot;chapters&quot;:[],&quot;isCDURL&quot;:false,&quot;CDURL&quot;:false,&quot;watermark&quot;:{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;email&quot;,&quot;enabled&quot;:false,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;saveState&quot;:true,&quot;count&quot;:false,&quot;captionEnabled&quot;:false,&quot;analyticsEnabled&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;preload&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;}}' video-id=\"2490\" style=\"--plyr-color-main: #1ABAFF;\">\r\n            <div id=\"\" class=\"h5vp_wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t<!-- sticky close  -->\r\n\t\t\t<!-- <div class=\"sticky_close\">&times;<\/div> -->\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"popup_close_btn\">&times;<\/div>\r\n            <div class=\"h5vp_popup_overlay\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- for library  -->\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<video   data-poster=\"\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\tpreload=\"auto\"\r\n                                                            >\r\n                    <source src=\"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/video\/\u89e3\u7ecf\u91ca\u7ecf\/2019_\u7f57\u9a6c\u4eba\u4e66\u6ce8\u91ca\u53771\/\u7ea6\u7ff0\u6155\u7406\u300a\u7f57\u9a6c\u4eba\u4e66\u6ce8\u91ca\u300b\u53771_05b\uff08\u7f571\uff1a16-20\uff09b\/playlist.m3u8\" size=\"720\" type=\"video\/mp4\"\/>\r\n                                        \r\n                    \t\t\t\t<\/video>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<!-- for youtube -->\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <style>\r\n .player16033  .plyr__controls,\r\n .player16033 .StampAudioPlayerSkin{\r\n  border-radius: 10px;\r\n  overflow: hidden;\r\n }\r\n .player16033{\r\n  margin: 0 auto; }\r\n .player16033 .plyr__controls .plyr__controls {\r\n   border-radius: none;\r\n   overflow: visible;\r\n }\r\n .skin_default .player16033 .plyr__controls {\r\n   overflow: visible;\r\n }\r\n <\/style>\r\n<div class=\"skin_default\" id=\"skin_default\">\r\n  <div style=\"width:100%;--plyr-color-bg:#333\" class=\"h5ap_standard_player player16033\" \r\n  data-poster=\"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/html5-audio-player-pro\/shortcode\/player\/sticky-default.jpg\" \r\n  data-skin=\"default\" \r\n  data-title=\"Audio Title\" \r\n  data-song=\"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/video\/\u89e3\u7ecf\u91ca\u7ecf\/2019_\u7f57\u9a6c\u4eba\u4e66\u6ce8\u91ca\u53771\/\u7ea6\u7ff0\u6155\u7406\u300a\u7f57\u9a6c\u4eba\u4e66\u6ce8\u91ca\u300b\u53771_05b\uff08\u7f571\uff1a16-20\uff09b.mp3\" \r\n  data-id=\"16033\" \r\n  data-options='{&quot;controls&quot;:[&quot;play&quot;,&quot;progress&quot;,&quot;duration&quot;,&quot;mute&quot;,&quot;volume&quot;,&quot;settings&quot;],&quot;seekTime&quot;:10,&quot;skin&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Audio Title&quot;,&quot;author&quot;:&quot;Author Name&quot;,&quot;disableDownload&quot;:false,&quot;fusionDownload&quot;:true,&quot;color&quot;:&quot;#fff&quot;,&quot;background&quot;:&quot;#333&quot;,&quot;repeat&quot;:false,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;opt-1&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:false,&quot;muted&quot;:false,&quot;disablePause&quot;:false}'>\r\n    <audio  playsinline preload=\"auto\" class=\"player16033\" id=\"player16033\">\r\n      <source src=\"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/video\/\u89e3\u7ecf\u91ca\u7ecf\/2019_\u7f57\u9a6c\u4eba\u4e66\u6ce8\u91ca\u53771\/\u7ea6\u7ff0\u6155\u7406\u300a\u7f57\u9a6c\u4eba\u4e66\u6ce8\u91ca\u300b\u53771_05b\uff08\u7f571\uff1a16-20\uff09b.mp3\" type=\"audio\/mp3\">\r\n        Your browser does not support the audio element.\r\n    <\/audio>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7ea6\u7ff0\u6155\u7406\u300a\u7f57\u9a6c\u4eba\u4e66\u6ce8\u91ca\u300b\u53771 <\/strong><strong>_<\/strong><strong>05b<\/strong><strong>\uff08\u7f57<\/strong><strong>1:16-20<\/strong><strong>\uff09b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u8bb2\uff1a\u6797\u6148\u4fe1\u7267\u5e08_\u6821\u5bf9\uff1a\u5218\u52a0\u7acb\u5f1f\u5144_\u82f1\u6587\uff1aCherry\u59d0\u59b9_\u6587\u5b57\uff1aRuth\u59d0\u59b9<\/p>\n<p>\u6155\u7406\u4e0b\u9762\u89e3\u91ca\u4ed6\u7684\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>The present tense \u201cis revealed\u201d\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5fff\u6012\u663e\u660e\uff0c\u201c\u663e\u660e\u201d\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u6001\uff0cpresent tense\uff0cwould seem to be parallel to the same in verse17\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u4e0e\u7b2c17\u8282\u662f\u5e73\u884c\u7684\uff0cand the judgments referred to in the succeeding verses\uff0cinflicted upon the Gentile nations for their sins\uff0cwould require to be regarded as the penalties executed in pursuance of God&#8217;s wrath. \u5c31\u662f\u4e0e\u7b2c17\u8282\u5e73\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u572818\u8282\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e0b\u9762\u4e00\u76f4\u523032\u8282\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6240\u65bd\u884c\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7279\u522b\u5728\u5916\u90a6\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7f6a\u6240\u65bd\u884c\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\uff0c\u5c31\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u770b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7684\u60e9\u7f5a\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5fff\u6012\u800c\u65bd\u884c\u7684\u3002\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5fff\u6012\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5916\u90a6\u4eba\u7684\u7f6a\u4e0a\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u8bf4\u5c31\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u5728\u65bd\u884c\u7942\u7684\u60e9\u7f5a\u3002The usage of the New Testament\uff0cas Meyer points out\uff0cwould likewise allow for this use of the word \u201creveal.\u201d\u65b0\u7ea6\u5723\u7ecf\u7684\u7528\u8bcd\uff0c\u6b63\u5982Meyer\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u6837\u7406\u89e3\u201c\u663e\u660e\u201d\u201creveal\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u6307\u8d85\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u770b\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ecf\u6587:Matt.10:26\u592a10\uff1a26<strong>\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u6015\u4ed6\u4eec\uff1b\u56e0\u4e3a\u63a9\u76d6\u7684\u4e8b\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0d\u9732\u51fa\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u9690\u85cf\u7684\u4e8b\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0d\u88ab\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u3002<\/strong>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u6307\u8d85\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u3002\u592a16\uff1a17<strong>\u8036\u7a23\u5bf9\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u897f\u95e8\u00b7\u5df4\u00b7\u7ea6\u62ff\uff0c\u4f60\u662f\u6709\u798f\u7684\uff01\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u5c5e\u8840\u8089\u7684\u6307\u793a\u4f60\u7684\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u6211\u5728\u5929\u4e0a\u7684\u7236\u6307\u793a\u7684\u3002<\/strong>\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u6307\u793a\u201d\u662f\u6307\u663e\u660e\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u542f\u793a\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u8def2\uff1a35 \u897f\u7f05<strong>\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec\u795d\u798f\uff0c\u53c8\u5bf9\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2\u9a6c\u5229\u4e9a\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u5b69\u5b50\u88ab\u7acb\uff0c\u662f\u8981\u53eb\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4e2d\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u8dcc\u5012\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u5174\u8d77\uff1b\u53c8\u8981\u4f5c\u6bc1\u8c24\u7684\u8bdd\u67c4\uff0c\u53eb\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u5fc3\u91cc\u7684\u610f\u5ff5\u663e\u9732<\/strong>\uff08\u663e\u660e\uff0c\u663e\u9732\uff0creveal\uff09<strong>\u51fa\u6765\uff1b\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5fc3\u4e5f\u8981\u88ab\u5200\u523a\u900f\u3002<\/strong>\u201d\u5e162\uff1a3<strong>\u4eba\u4e0d\u62d8\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u6cd5\u5b50\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u603b\u4e0d\u8981\u88ab\u4ed6\u8bf1\u60d1\uff1b\u56e0\u4e3a\u90a3\u65e5\u5b50\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u5fc5\u6709\u79bb\u9053\u53cd\u6559\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u5e76\u6709\u90a3\u5927\u7f6a\u4eba\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6c89\u6ca6\u4e4b\u5b50\uff0c\u663e\u9732\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/strong>\u201c\u663e\u9732\u51fa\u6765\u201d\u3002\u5e162\uff1a6<strong>\u73b0\u5728\u4f60\u4eec\u4e5f\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u90a3\u62e6\u963b\u4ed6\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u662f\u53eb\u4ed6\u5230\u4e86\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u9732\u3002<\/strong>\u201c\u663e\u9732\u201d\u3002\u5e162\uff1a8<strong>\u90a3\u65f6\u8fd9\u4e0d\u6cd5\u7684\u4eba\u5fc5\u663e\u9732\u51fa\u6765<\/strong>\uff0c\u5fc5\u663e\u9732\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p>In other words\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0cthese instances indicate that \u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ecf\u6587\u7528\u201c\u663e\u660e\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ecf\u6587\u5c31\u6307\u51fathe term \u201creveal\u201d can refer to manifestations other than those which are in the category of extraordinary and miraculous acts of God.\u201c\u663e\u660e\u201d\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8d85\u81ea\u7136\u884c\u795e\u8ff9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u663e\u660e\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u6307\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8d85\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u201c\u663e\u660e\u201d\u7684\u3002Hence it is possible to think of God\u2019s wrath as \u201crevealed\u201d in respects which are not supernatural\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u5230\u4e0a\u5e1d\u201c\u663e\u660e\u201d\u7942\u7684\u5fff\u6012\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u6307\u7942\u8d85\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u663e\u660e\u7942\u7684\u5fff\u6012\uff0cand contextual considerations would indicate that this is necessary in this instance. \u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8003\u8651\u5230\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u201c\u663e\u660e\u201d\u7942\u7684\u5fff\u6012\u4e0d\u662f\u8d85\u81ea\u7136\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u8fd9\u6837\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201cUngodliness\u201d\u201c \u4e0d\u8654\uff0c\u4e0d\u656c\u8654\u201drefers to perversity that is religious in character\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u5b97\u6559\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e0e\u795e\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u90aa\u6076\uff0c\u201cunrighteousness\u201d \u201c\u4e0d\u4e49\u201dto what is moral;\u662f\u6307\u4eba\u5728\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0a\u7684\u90aa\u6076; the former is illustrated by idolatry\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u4e0d\u656c\u8654\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u5076\u50cf\u656c\u62dc\uff0cthe latter\u90a3\u4e2a\u4e0d\u4e49\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50 by immorality\u662f\u4e0e\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4f5c\u4f8b\u5b50\u7684\u3002The order is \uff0cno doubt\uff0csignificant. \u8fd9\u4e2a\u6b21\u5e8f\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002In the apostle\u2019s description of the degeneracy\u5f53\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u5f62\u5bb9\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u8d25\u574f\u7684\u65f6\u5019 impiety is the precursor of immorality. \u4e0d\u656c\u8654\u5728\u5148\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>The revelation of wrath contemplated is restricted to the particular class or division of mankind with which the apostle is concerned. \u73b0\u5728\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5f70\u663e\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u663e\u660e\u7942\u7684\u5fff\u6012\u662f\u9650\u5236\u4e8e\u73b0\u5728\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u8981\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u3002He is dealing\uff0cas was noted\uff0cwith the Gentile nations.\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u6307\u51fa\u4ed6\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u5904\u7406\u662f\u5916\u90a6\u7684\u8bf8\u56fd\uff0c\u5916\u90a6\u7684\u5217\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>That restriction is intimated in verse 18\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u5728\u7b2c18\u8282\u6697\u793a\u4ed6\u662f\u9650\u4e8e\u5916\u90a6\u4eba\u7684 by the fact that the ungodliness and unrighteousness against which the wrath of God is revealed are specified as those \u201cof men\uff0cwho hinder the truth in unrighteousness\u201d.What is meant by this characterization?\u600e\u4e48\u770b\u51fa\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u662f\u9650\u5236\u4e8e\u5916\u90a6\u4eba\u5462\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u663e\u660e\u7942\u7684\u5fff\u6012\u662f\u56e0\u7740\u4eba\u7684\u4e0d\u8654\u4e0d\u4e49\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u4e0d\u8654\u4e0d\u4e49\u201d\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6307\u90a3\u4e9b\u4ee5\u4e0d\u4e49\u963b\u6321\u771f\u7406\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u3002\u201c\u4ee5\u4e0d\u4e49\u963b\u6321\u771f\u7406\u201d\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u601d\u5462\uff1fThe term rendered \u201chinder\u201d\u201c\u963b\u6321\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57 in the version\u82f1\u6587\u662f\u7ffb\u8bd1\u201chinder\u201d has frequently been interpreted in the sense of holding down\u201d or\u00a0 \u201csuppressing\u201d\u5e38\u5e38\u88ab\u89e3\u7ecf\u5bb6\u89e3\u91ca\u662f\u201c\u538b\u6291\u201d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u201c\u538b\u4e0b\u53bb\u201d and so the truth is regarded as asserting itself within the men concerned but that they hold it down or suppress it. \u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u5e45\u7684\u753b\u9762\u5c31\u662f\u771f\u7406\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u633a\u8eab\u800c\u51fa\uff0c\u5728\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u4e2d\u633a\u8eab\u800c\u51fa\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u628a\u5b83\u538b\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002This thought is true enough in itself. (\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60f3\u6cd5\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u662f\uff0cUndoubtedly there is a witness of the truth welling up from within\u8bda\u7136\u5730\u5728\u4eba\u4fe1\u4e2d\u6d8c\u6d41\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u7684\u771f\u7406\u7684\u89c1\u8bc1which men suppress by their unrighteousness\u800c\u4eba\u7528\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4e0d\u4e49\u628a\u5b83\u538b\u4e0b\u53bb\u4e86\u3002But the version appears to have discerned the thought of the apostle more precisely \u4f46\u662f\u4f5c\u8005\u6240\u7528\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2aARV\uff0c\u597d\u50cf\u66f4\u52a0\u5730\u4f53\u4f1a\u5230\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u7684\u601d\u8def\uff0cby employing the word \u201chinder.\u201dERV\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4ERV \u6240\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u662f\u201c\u62e6\u963b\u201d\u201chinder\u201d\u3002The usage of the New Testament in respect of this term\u65b0\u7ea6\u5723\u7ecf\u600e\u4e48\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5462\uff1f does not provide any support for the notion of \u201cholding down\u201d or \u201csuppressing\u201d. \u65b0\u7ea6\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u201c\u538b\u4e0b\u53bb\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u538b\u6291\u201d\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6cd5\u7684\u3002Most frequently it means to \u201chold fast\uff0c\u201d \u201cpossess\uff0c\u201d \u201cretain\u201d.\u6700\u591a\u7684\u7ecf\u6587\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u201c\u6293\u4f4f\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u62e5\u6709\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u4fdd\u7559\u201d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u201c\u7559\u4f4f\u201d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e4e\u201c\u52d2\u4f4f\u201d\u3002If this meaning is not suitable in this case\u5047\u5982\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u7ecf\u6587\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u7684\u8bdd\uff0cthen the only other meaning which the usage would warrant is that of \u201crestraining\u201d or \u201cholding back.\u201d\u90a3\u4e48\u552f\u4e00\u8fd9\u91cc\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u7684\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u7ea6\u675f\u201d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u201c\u52d2\u4f4f\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u8003\u5e16\u540e2\uff1a6-7<strong>\u73b0\u5728\u4f60\u4eec\u4e5f\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u90a3\u62e6\u963b\u4ed6\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48<\/strong>\uff0c\u62e6\u963b\u4ed6\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u7b2c7\u8282<strong>\u56e0\u4e3a\u90a3\u4e0d\u6cd5\u7684\u9690\u610f\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u52a8\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u62e6\u963b\u7684\uff0c\u7b49\u5230\u90a3\u62e6\u963b\u7684\u88ab\u9664\u53bb<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u53e6\u5916\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u7ecf\u6587\u662f\u8def\u52a04\u7ae042\uff0c\u8ddf\u8153\u5229\u95e8\u4e66\u7b2c13\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n<p>This meaning is admirably suited to the context.\u82e5\u7528\u62e6\u963b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6cd5\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7684\u3002For\uff0cas we shall see presently\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u9a6c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u9762\u5c31\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\uff0cthe apostle is dealing with the truth derived from the observable handiwork of God in the work of creation. \u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u85c9\u7740\u7942\u7684\u521b\u9020\u5927\u5de5\u6240\u663e\u660e\u7684\uff0c\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f53\u4f1a\u5230\u7684\u771f\u7406\u3002The notion of \u201cHolding back\u201d\u82e5\u8bf4\u662f\u201c\u52d2\u4f4f\u201d is well suited to express the reaction which men\uff0cby their unrighteousness\uff0coffer to the truth thus manifested. \u5c31\u5f88\u9002\u5408\u7528\u6765\u8868\u8fbe\u4eba\u7528\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4e0d\u4e49\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u5730\u56de\u5e94\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6240\u5f70\u663e\u7684\u771f\u7406\u7684\u3002\u201cIn unrighteousness\u4ee5\u4e0d\u4e49\u201d is instrumental\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5668\u76bf\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u624b\u6bb5\uff0cand denotes that by which this resistance of the truth takes place. \u4eba\u963b\u6321\u771f\u7406\u662f\u85c9\u7740\u4ed6\u7684\u4e0d\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Romans1:19\u7f571\uff1a19\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u8bfb<strong>1:18<\/strong><strong>\u539f\u6765\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5fff\u6012\u4ece\u5929\u4e0a\u663e\u660e\u5728\u4e00\u5207\u4e0d\u8654\u4e0d\u4e49\u7684\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u884c\u4e0d\u4e49\u963b\u6321\u771f\u7406\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/strong>1\uff1a19<strong>\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4eba\u6240\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u7684\uff0c\u539f\u663e\u660e\u5728\u4eba\u5fc3\u91cc\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec\u663e\u660e\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>19<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>\u00a0 <\/em><\/strong>\u00a0Verse 19 is introduced with a conjunction which specifies a causal relation to what precedes 19\u8282\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u7528\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u8bcd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u6307\u51fa19\u8282\u8ddf18\u8282\u6709\u7740\u4e00\u79cd\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\uff0cand the question is : \u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff1awith what in verse 18 is verse 19 is to be taken ? 19\u8282\u662f\u8981\u4e0e18\u8282\u7684\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fde\u8d77\u6765\u5462\uff1fDoes verse 19 state that on account of which the wrath of God is revealed\uff0cor does it give the reason why it can be said that men resist the truth in unrighteousness? \u7b2c19\u8282\u8981\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u663e\u660e\u7942\u7684\u5fff\u6012\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u539f\u56e0\u5462\uff1f\u8fd8\u662f\u8bf4\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u4eba\u85c9\u7740\u4e0d\u4e49\u963b\u6321\u771f\u7406\u5462\uff1fContrary to much exegetical opinion \u6211\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u5f88\u591a\u89e3\u7ecf\u5bb6\u7684\u610f\u89c1\uff0cthe latter appears the preferable interpretation. \u6211\u540c\u610f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bf4\u6211\u4eec\u4eba\u662f\u85c9\u7740\u4e0d\u4e49\u963b\u6321\u771f\u7406\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Verse 19 explains how it can be said that men hinder the truth in unrighteousness; \u7b2c19\u8282\u89e3\u91ca\u6211\u4eec\u600e\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u4eba\u85c9\u7740\u4ed6\u7684\u4e0d\u4e49\u963b\u6321\u771f\u7406; they hinder the truth because there is a manifestation of the truth to them\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u963b\u6321\u771f\u7406\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6709\u5411\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f70\u663e\u771f\u7406\uff0cand the truth manifested to them is described as \u201cthat which is known of God\u201d. \u800c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5411\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f70\u663e\u7684\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u4fdd\u7f57\u8bf4\u662f\u201c\u5173\u4e8e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4eba\u6240\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u4e8b\u201d\u201cthat which is known of God\u201d. The content of this knowledge is defined in verse 20\u90a3\u7a76\u7adf\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6240\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u7b2c20\u8282\u5c31\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>For the present it is stated to have been manifested <strong><em>unto them<\/em><\/strong> and manifest <strong><em>in them<\/em><\/strong> \u5728\u7b2c19\u8282\uff0c\u4fdd\u7f57\u8bf4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f<em>\u5411\u4ed6\u4eec<\/em>\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709<em>\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec<\/em>\u91cc\u9762\u5f70\u663e\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u663e\u660e\u7684and it is manifest <strong><em>in them<\/em><\/strong> because God has manifested it<strong><em> unto them<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>. <\/em><\/strong>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u771f\u7406\u662f\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec<em>\u91cc\u9762<\/em>\u5f70\u663e\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f<em>\u5411\u4ed6\u4eec<\/em>\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f70\u663e\u4e86\u3002It is easy to be misled by the expression \u201cmanifested in them\u201d \u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u8bef\u5bfc\u53bb\u89e3\u91ca\u201c\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u91cc\u9762\u663e\u660e\u201dinto thinking that the apostle is dealing with the same subject as he deals with later in 2:14\uff0c15\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u5728\u540e\u6765\u7f57\u9a6c\u4e662\u7ae014\u300115\u8282\u6240\u5904\u7406\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9898\u76ee\uff0cthe knowledge that is inherent in the mind of man as distinguished from the knowledge derived from revelation that is external to himself. \u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u8bef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u91cc\u9762\u4e0e\u751f\u4ff1\u6765\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u6709\u522b\u4e8e\u4ece\u4ed6\u5916\u9762\u7684\u5916\u754c\u7684\u542f\u793a\u800c\u6765\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff08\u7f57\u9a6c\u4e662\u7ae014\u300115\u8282\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>There is no warrant for this interpretation of the terms in verse 19\u6155\u7406\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u7b2c19\u8282\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u91cc\u9762\u663e\u660e\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u7406\u7531\u7684\u3002It is plain that the apostle is dealing with that which God makes manifest<em> to men<\/em> and is known by men from the work of creation\uff0cthat is to say\uff0cfrom his observable handiwork. \u5f88\u660e\u663e\u7684\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5411\u4eba\u6240\u663e\u660e\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4eba\u6240\u77e5\u9053\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4ece\u7942\u7684\u521b\u9020\u5927\u5de5\uff0c\u4ece\u90a3\u4e9b\u4eba\u80fd\u591f\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5927\u5de5\uff0c\u5411\u4eba\u6240\u663e\u660e\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>And the reason why this knowledge may be said to be \u201cmanifest in them\u201d\u90a3\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u771f\u7406\u662f\u201c\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u91cc\u9762\u663e\u660e\u201d\u7684\u5462\uff1f is the simple fact \u5f88\u7b80\u5355\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9ethat manifestation of truth to them always presupposes the mind and consciousness of man. \u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5411\u4eba\u663e\u660e\u3001\u5f70\u663e\u771f\u7406\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u660e\u663e\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u4eba\u662f\u6709\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u3002Revelation is to those possessed of intelligible consciousness. \u4e0a\u5e1d\u542f\u793a\u662f\u5411\u90a3\u4e9b\u6709\u7406\u6027\u3001\u80fd\u591f\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u4eba\u6240\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u3002If it is revelation <strong><em>to <\/em><\/strong>us it must also be <strong><em>in <\/em><\/strong>us\u4f46\u662f\u5047\u5982\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f<strong><em>\u5411<\/em><\/strong>\u6211\u4eec\u542f\u793a\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u542f\u793a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u771f\u7406\u5fc5\u987b\u662f<strong><em>\u5728<\/em><\/strong>\u6211\u4eec<strong><em>\u91cc\u9762<\/em><\/strong>because that which makes it to us is that which is in us\uff0cnamely\uff0cmind and heart. \u56e0\u4e3a\u90a3\u4e9b\u80fd\u591f\u8fbe\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8fdb\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8fdb\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u601d\u60f3\u3001\u6211\u4eec\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7684\u4e86\u3002\uff08\u5f88\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\u4e00\u4e2a\u9053\u7406\uff0c\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\u4e00\u4e2a\u9053\u7406\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u91cc\u4ed6\u7b97\u662f\u7528\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u660e\u767d\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u7684\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u4e86\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n<p>There is a contrast instituted between \u201cthe righteousness of God is revealed\u201d\uff08vs.17\uff09 and \u201cthat which is known of God\u201d(vs.19)\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u7167\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\uff08\u7b2c17\u8282\uff09\u201c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u663e\u660e\u7942\u7684\u4e49\u201d\uff0c\uff0819\u8282\uff09\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u201c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u4eba\u6240\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u6709\u5bf9\u7167\u7684\uff0ca contrast as respects both mode of revelation and truth content. \u4ec0\u4e48\u5bf9\u7167\u5462\uff1f\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u542f\u793a\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6240\u542f\u793a\u7684\u771f\u7406\u5185\u5bb9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n<p>The distinction is that between the manifestation that is the property of all and its corresponding effect\uff0con the one hand\uff0cand the special revelation which is saving in its effect\uff0con the other. \u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u533a\u522b\u51fa\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u5168\u4eba\u7c7b\u90fd\u6709\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6240\u5f70\u663e\u7684\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u5e26\u6765\u90a3\u4e2a\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e2a\u6548\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u53eb\u4eba\u65e0\u53ef\u63a8\u8bff\uff1b\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u542f\u793a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u542f\u793a\u662f\u8fbe\u6210\u6551\u4eba\u7684\u529f\u6548\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002Hence the holding back of the truth in unrighteousness\uff0ccontemplated in this instance\uff0cdoes not apply to the gospel. \u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u91cc\u4eba\u7528\u4e0d\u4e49\u6765\u963b\u6321\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6307\u963b\u6321\u798f\u97f3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672a\u7ecf\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u8bf7\u52ff\u64c5\u81ea\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u7f51\u7ad9\u6216\u5e73\u53f0\u8f6c\u8f7d\u548c\u520a\u767b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\uff1b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\u7684\u7248\u6743\u5f52\u300c\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u300d\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u590d\u5370\u51fa\u7248\u7b49\u5546\u4e1a\u7528\u9014\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u534e\u7f51\u7edc\u5723\u7ea6\u5b66\u9662ccnci.org\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u5723\u7ea6\u5b66\u9662HorizonCovenant@gmail.com\uff08PayPal\uff09<\/p>\n<p>Those in view are regarded as outside the pale of the gospel revelation\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u8003\u8651\u5230\u7684\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u542f\u793a\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u4eba and \u201cthat which is known of God\u4eba\u6240\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u795e\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u201dis used in a specific sense \u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0cto denote the truth-content respecting God available to such. \u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u7684\u4eba\u6240\u80fd\u591f\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u771f\u7406\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u6307\u798f\u97f3\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7f571\uff1a20\u81ea\u4ece\u9020\u5929\u5730\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u795e\u7684\u6c38\u80fd\u548c\u795e\u6027\u662f\u660e\u660e\u53ef\u77e5\u7684\uff0c\u867d\u662f\u773c\u4e0d\u80fd\u89c1\uff0c\u4f46\u85c9\u7740\u6240\u9020\u4e4b\u7269\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6653\u5f97\uff0c\u53eb\u4eba\u65e0\u53ef\u63a8\u8bff\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The relation of verse 20 to verse 19 is well stated by E.H. Gifford\uff1a\u7a76\u7adf\u7b2c20\u8282\u4e0e\u7b2c19\u8282\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1fE.H.Gifford\u8bf4\u5f97\u597d: \u201cThe sentence\uff0c\u2018<em>For the invisible things of him&#8230;are clearly seen.<\/em>..\uff0c\u2019\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u8bf4\u2018<em>\u90a3\u4e9b\u773c\u4e0d\u80fd\u89c1\u7684<\/em><em>&#8230;<\/em><em>\u662fclearly seen \u662f\u660e\u660e\u53ef\u4ee5\u6653\u5f97\u7684<\/em>\u2019\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd is an explanation of the statement <em>God manifested it unto them<\/em>\u201c<em>\u773c\u4e0d\u80fd\u89c1<\/em><em>&#8230;<\/em><em>\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u6653\u5f97<\/em><em>&#8230;<\/em>\u201d\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u5c31\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86<em>\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5411\u4ed6\u4eec\u663e\u660e<\/em>; and as the mode in which this manifestation <em>was made to them<\/em> is the mode in which it <em>is made<\/em> to all men\uff0cat all times\uff0cthe explanation is put in the most general and abstract form \u800c\u65e2\u7136\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f62\u5f0f\u5411\u4ed6\u4eec\u663e\u660e\u5462? \u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f62\u5f0f\u5411\u5168\u4eba\u7c7b\u663e\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u662f\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u6700\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u773c\u4e0d\u80fd\u89c1\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u85c9\u7740\u6240\u9020\u4e4b\u7269\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6653\u5f97\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u300c\u6f0f\u6389\uff08Present Tense and Passive Voice \uff09\uff0cwithout any limitation of time or persons&#8230;\u201d.\u300d\u201cThe invisible things of him\u201d \u201c\u867d\u662f\u773c\u4e0d\u80fd\u89c1\u201d\u5173\u4e8e\u795e\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u773c\u4e0d\u80fd\u89c1\u7684\u4e8bare the invisible attributes specified later in the verse as \u201chis eternal power and divinity\u201d. \u5c31\u662f\u6307\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e0d\u80fd\u89c1\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u5728\u8fd9\u8282\u4e0b\u534a\u8282\u6307\u51fa\u662f\u201c\u7942\u7684\u6c38\u80fd\u548c\u795e\u6027\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>In characterizing them as invisible\uff0c\u4fdd\u7f57\u8bf4\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u89c1\u7684\uff0creference is made to the fact that they are not perceived by the senses. \u4fdd\u7f57\u6240\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4eba\u7684\u4e94\u5b98\u89c2\u5bdf\u6240\u89c2\u5bdf\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u3002When at the same time they are said to be \u201cclearly seen\u201d\u4f46\u662f\u53c8\u8bf4\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u660e\u660e\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u89c1\u7684(\u4e2d\u6587\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6653\u5f97\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e2d\u6587\u5df2\u7ecf\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u53d8\u6210\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86) this is an oxymoron \u8fd9\u4e2a\u597d\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u77db\u76feto indicate that what is sensuously imperceptible is nevertheless clearly apprehended in mental conception. \u5c31\u6307\u51fa\u4e94\u5b98\u4e0d\u80fd\u5bdf\u89c9\u5230\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u900f\u8fc7\u4eba\u7684\u5185\u5fc3\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>And this sense of the term \u201cclearly seen\u201d \u8fd9\u91cc\u8bf4\u7684\u201c\u6e05\u695a\u80fd\u89c1\u201d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u201c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6653\u5f97\u201dis provided by the explanatory clause \u201cbeing understood by the things that are made\u201d&#8211;it is the seeing of understanding\uff0cof intellectual conception.\u201c\u80fd\u89c1\u201d\u5c31\u52a0\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u201c\u900f\u8fc7\u85c9\u7740\u6240\u9020\u4e4b\u7269\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6653\u5f97\u201d\u3001\u201c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u89c1\u201d\u662f\u6307\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u7406\u6027\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u900f\u8fc7\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u53d7\u9020\u4e4b\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u660e\u660e\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u660e\u660e\u6653\u5f97\u3002Stress is laid upon the perspicuity afforded by the things that are made \u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u662f\u53d7\u9020\u4e4b\u7269\u662f\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u7684in mediating to us the perception of the invisible attributes&#8211;\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u663e\u660e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u4e0d\u80fd\u89c1\u7684\u5c5e\u6027 &#8212; they are \u201cclearly seen\u201d.\u662f\u660e\u660e\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe things that are made\u201dare obviously the created things which are observable to our senses. \u5f88\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6240\u521b\u9020\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e94\u5b98\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c2\u5bdf\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u3002For this reason it appears necessary to understand the phrase \u201cfrom the creation of the world\u201d in a temporal sense\uff0cas in the version. \u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u8fd9\u6837\u6765\u770b\u201cfrom the creation of the world\u201d\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u4ece\u4e0a\u5e1d\u521b\u9020\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u81ea\u4ece\u4e0a\u5e1d\u521b\u9020\u7684\u5927\u5de5\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u6155\u7406\u8bf4\u6700\u597d\u662f\u4ece\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>If we were to regard as intimating the source from which this perception of the invisible attributes is derived there would be some tautology. \u5047\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u85c9\u7740\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6240\u9020\u7684\u5929\u5730\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u6307\u4eba\u80fd\u591f\u77e5\u9053\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e0d\u80fd\u89c1\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u521b\u9020\u5927\u5de5\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u91cd\u590d\u4e86\u3002 \u201cThe things that are made\u201d\u201c\u53d7\u9020\u4e4b\u7269\u201drefer to the source from which our perception of the invisible things is derived\u53d7\u9020\u4e4b\u7269\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u5bdf\u89c9\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u80fd\u89c1\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u53d7\u9020\u4e4b\u7269\uff0cand it is unnecessary to think of virtual repetition. \u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4fdd\u7f57\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u91cd\u590d\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Besides\u4e0d\u4f46\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u201cthe creation of the world\u201ddoes not suitably designate the visible creation\uff0c\u201cthe creation of the world\u201d\u201c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u521b\u9020\u201d\u5047\u5982\u662f\u6307\u80fd\u89c1\u7684\u53d7\u9020\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u6070\u5f53\u7684\uff0cwhereas\u4f46\u662f\uff0cif \u201ccreation\u201d is taken in the active sense\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u521b\u9020\u662f\u6307\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f5c\u4e3a\uff0cthe temporal force is apparent \u90a3\u4e48\u5f88\u660e\u663e\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u81ea\u4ece\u4e0a\u5e1d\u521b\u9020\u53d7\u9020\u4e4b\u7269\u4ee5\u6765and it is seen to be germane to the thought of the passage to affirm that the manifestation of God\u2019s invisible attributes has been continuously given in his visible handiwork. \u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u6837\u5b50\u6765\u601d\u8003\u7ecf\u6587\u7684\u601d\u8def\u5c31\u5f88\u6070\u5f53\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u663e\u660e\u7942\u7684\u4e0d\u80fd\u89c1\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u7942\u7684\u4e0d\u80fd\u89c1\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u7942\u80fd\u89c1\u7684\u5927\u5de5\u4e0a\u80fd\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe invisible things\u201d \u201c\u4e0d\u80fd\u89c1\u7684\u4e8b\u201d\u662f\u6307referred to at the beginning of the verse are now distinctly specified as God\u2019s \u201ceternal power and divinity\u201d.\u5728\u4e0a\u534a\u8282\u6307\u51fa\u4e0d\u80fd\u89c1\u7684\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5c31\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u6307\u51fa\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u6c38\u80fd\u548c\u795e\u6027\u3002It is not by any means probable that the apostle intended these terms to be a complete specification of the invisible things of God made manifest in the work of creation. \u5f88\u660e\u663e\u5730\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u8fd9\u91cc\u7528\u610f\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5217\u5355\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u521b\u9020\u5927\u5de5\u6240\u663e\u660e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5173\u4e4e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u4e0d\u80fd\u89c1\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0d\u662f\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5355\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>The Old Testament with which the apostle was familiar \u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u5f88\u719f\u6089\u65e7\u7ea6\u5723\u7ecfhad mentioned other attributes as displayed in God\u2019s visible handiwork \u800c\u65e7\u7ea6\u5723\u7ecf\u4e5f\u6307\u51fa\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u80fd\u89c1\u7684\u521b\u9020\u5927\u5de5\u91cc\u9762\u5f70\u663e\u5176\u5b83\u5c5e\u6027\u7684such as his wisdom\uff0chis goodness\uff0cand even his righteousness. \u4f8b\u5982\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u667a\u6167\u3001\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u826f\u5584\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6148\u7231\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e4e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u516c\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>So the analogy of Scripture\uff0cwhich certainly governed Paul\u2019s thought\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8bb2\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u4ee5\u7ecf\u89e3\u7ecf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u90a3\u4fdd\u7f57\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u4ee5\u7ecf\u89e3\u7ecf\u7684\uff0cwould demand a more extensive enumeration than he has given. \u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u6c42\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5217\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u957f\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u5355\u5b50\u3002But we must not fail to appreciate the significance of what the apostle does say. \u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u770b\u5230\u3001\u4f53\u4f1a\u5230\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u6709\u8bb2\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u201cEternal power\u201d \u201c\u6c38\u80fd\u201dis specific\u662f\u7279\u5b9a\u7684and it means that the attribute of eternity is predicated of God\u2019s power. \u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u8bf4\uff1a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5927\u80fd\u6709\u6c38\u6052\u6027\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u518d\u6765\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u6709\u6c38\u6052\u6027\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>The implication is \u6db5\u4e49\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4that the eternity of God as well as the eternity of his power is in view. \u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f\u6c38\u6052\u7684\u548c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u662f\u6c38\u6052\u7684\u3002\u201cDivinity\u201d\u201c\u795e\u6027\u201dis generic \u662f\u4e00\u822c\u6027\u7684\u5b57as distinguished from power which is specific. \u4e0e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5927\u80fd\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u90a3\u4e2a\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u6709\u7279\u522b\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u3002This term reflects on the perfections of God \u8fd9\u4e2a \u201c\u795e\u6027\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5b8c\u5168perfections \uff0cand denotes\uff0cto use Meyer\u2019s words\uff0c\u201cthe totality of that which God is as a being possessed of divine attributes\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Meyer \u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u201c\u795e\u6027\u201d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f\u6709\u5404\u79cd\u5c5e\u795e\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f4d\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6240\u662f\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u5c31\u662f\u795e\u6027\u3002\u518d\u6765\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f4d\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u5c31\u662f\u7942\u7684\u795e\u6027\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u795e\u6027\u770b\u5f97\u6bd4\u8f83\u662f\u6574\u4f53\u7684\uff0c\u5c5e\u6027\u662f\u8fd9\u5404\u795e\u6027\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5c5e\u6027\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ec6\uff0c\u795e\u6027\u6bd4\u8f83\u5e7f\u3002Hence divinity does not specify one invisible attribute\u6240\u4ee5\u795e\u6027\u4e0d\u662f\u6307\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u4e0d\u80fd\u89c1\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0cbut the sum of the invisible perfections which characterize God. \u4e43\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u4e0d\u80fd\u89c1\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u603b\u548c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u672c\u8eab\u6240\u662f\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>So\uff0cafter all\uff0cthe statement \u201ceternal power and divinity\u201d is inclusive of a great many invisible attributes\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u8bdd\u8bf4\u56de\u6765\uff0c\u201c\u6c38\u80fd\u4e0e\u795e\u6027\u201d\u7684\u786e\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e0d\u80fd\u89c1\u7684\u795e\u7684\u5c5e\u6027 and reflects on the richness of the manifestation given in the visible creation of the being\uff0cmajesty\uff0cand glory of God. \u5c31\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5728\u80fd\u89c1\u7684\u521b\u9020\u5927\u5de5\u91cc\u9762\u6240\u5f70\u663e\u7684\u7942\u7684\u81ea\u5df1\u3001\u7942\u7684\u8363\u7f8e\u3001\u7942\u7684\u8363\u8000\u662f\u591a\u4e48\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u3002<\/p>\n<p>We must not tone down the teaching of the apostle in this passage. \u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u51b2\u6de1\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u7ecf\u6587\u7684\u6559\u5bfc\u3002It is a clear declaration to the effect\u4fdd\u7f57\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba3\u544a\u7684\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f that the visible creation as God\u2019s handiwork makes manifest the invisible perfections of God as its Creator\uff0c\u80fd\u89c1\u7684\u521b\u9020\u5927\u5de5\uff0c\u8eab\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u6770\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c31\u5f70\u663e\u4e86\u8fd9\u4f4d\u521b\u9020\u4e3b-\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u4e0d\u80fd\u89c1\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0cthat from the things which are perceptible to the senses\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u4ece\u6211\u4eec\u4e94\u5b98\u6240\u80fd\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\uff0ccognition of these invisible perfections is derived\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u80fd\u89c1\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0cand that thus a clear apprehension of God\u2019s perfections may be gained from his observable handiwork. \u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u82e5\u89c2\u5bdf\u7942\u7684\u6770\u4f5c\u3001\u7942\u7684\u5927\u5de5\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Phenomena disclose the noumena of God\u2019s transcendent perfection and specific divinity. \u8fd9\u91cc\u6155\u7406\u7528\u6765\u5eb7\u5fb7\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u201c\u73b0\u8c61\u201d\u5c31\u5f70\u663e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8d85\u7136\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u8ddf\u7279\u522b\u7684\u795e\u6027\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u4f53\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e8b\u5b9enoumena \u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u8868\u793a\u897f\u65b9\u8ddf\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u90fd\u559c\u6b22\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bcd\u8bed\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u8bf4\u6155\u7406\u8ba4\u540c\u5eb7\u5fb7\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u3002 \u201cphenomena and noumena\u201d \u201c\u73b0\u8c61\u201d\u548c\u201c\u7269\u8d28\u4f53\u201d\u3002It is not a finite cause that the work of creation manifests \u4e0a\u5e1d\u521b\u9020\u5927\u5de5\u6240\u5f70\u663e\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u9650\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u6210\u56e0but the eternal power and divinity of the Creator.\u6240\u5f70\u663e\u7684\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u521b\u9020\u4e3b\u7684\u6c38\u80fd\u548c\u795e\u6027\u3002This is but another way of saying that\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\u4fdd\u7f57\u8981\u8bf4\u7684\u662f God has left the imprints of his glory upon his handiwork \u4e0a\u5e1d\u628a\u7942\u7684\u8363\u8000\u7684\u5370\u8bb0\u5370\u5728\u7942\u7684\u521b\u9020\u5927\u5de5\u91ccand this glory is manifest to all&#8211;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8363\u8000\u662f\u5411\u5168\u4eba\u7c7b\u663e\u660e\u7684&#8211;\u201cGod manifested it unto them\u201d. \u201c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5411\u4ed6\u4eec\u663e\u660e\u201d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>The concluding clause of verse 20 may require the rendering given in the version&#8211; \u7b2c20\u8282\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u77ed\u53e5\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u597d\u50cf\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u7528\u7684\u7248\u672c\u8fd9\u6837\u5b50\u7ffb\u8bd1\u624d\u5bf9\u2013- \u201cthat they may be without excuse\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u597d\u53eb\u4ed6\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u85c9\u53e3\u201d\u6216\u8005\u201c\u65e0\u53ef\u63a8\u8bff\u201d\uff0cexpressing purpose and not merely result. \u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u65e8\u610f\u3001\u7942\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>It would then be intimated that\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u6697\u793a\u7684\u662fthat the design of God in giving so open and manifest a disclosure of his eternal power and divinity in his visible handiwork is that all men might be without excuse. \u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u90a3\u4e48\u7684\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u3001\u660e\u663e\u7684\u663e\u793a\u7942\u7684\u6c38\u80fd\u8ddf\u795e\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u7942\u7684\u80fd\u89c1\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e48\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u3001\u8fd9\u4e48\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5c55\u793a\u7942\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u6ca1\u6709\u85c9\u53e3\uff0c\u65e0\u53ef\u63a8\u8bff\u3002If men do not glorify and worship him as God\u4eba\u82e5\u4e0d\u8363\u8000\u7942\u3001\u4e0d\u656c\u62dc\u7942\u3001\u4f5c\u4e3a\u795e\u6765\u5bf9\u5f85\u7942they have no excuse for their impiety\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4e0d\u656c\u8654\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u85c9\u53e3\u7684\uff0cand that the <strong><em>impiety <\/em><\/strong>might be without excuse is the design of the manifested glory. \u53eb\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4e0d\u656c\u8654\u6ca1\u6709\u85c9\u53e3\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5f70\u663e\u7942\u8363\u8000\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Objection to this view fails to take account of the benignity and sufficiency of the revelation which renders men inexcusable. \u6709\u4eba\u53cd\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u7684\u4eba\u6ca1\u6709\u8003\u8651\u5230\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8fd9\u4e48\u4ec1\u6148\u5730\u5411\u4eba\u663e\u660e\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5411\u4eba\u505a\u6210\u8fd9\u4e48\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u3001\u5145\u8db3\u7684\u542f\u793a\uff0c\u53eb\u4eba\u65e0\u53ef\u63a8\u8bff\u3002\u53cd\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u4eba\u6ca1\u6709\u8003\u8651\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002The giving of revelation <strong><em>sufficient <\/em><\/strong>to constrain men to worship and glorify the Creator and given with the design that they would be without excuse\uff0cif they failed to glorify him\uff0ccannot be unworthy of God. \u4e0a\u5e1d\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff0c\u4e00\u70b9\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u662f\u4e0d\u6b63\u5f53\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7ed9\u4eba\u5145\u8db3\u7684\uff0c\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u542f\u793a\uff0c\u611f\u52a8\u4eba\u53bb\u656c\u62dc\u521b\u9020\u4e3b\uff0c\u8363\u8000\u7942\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8fd9\u6837\u5b50\u8d50\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u542f\u793a\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e0\u53ef\u63a8\u8bff\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u8363\u8000\u7942\uff0c\u5c31\u65e0\u53ef\u63a8\u8bff\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8fd9\u6837\u5b50\u505a\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u6b63\u5f53\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Besides\u4e0d\u4f46\u5982\u6b64\uff0ceven if we regard the clause in question as expressing result rather than design\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u53eb\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e0\u53ef\u63a8\u8bff\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6307\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u8bdd\uff0cwe cannot eliminate from the all-inclusive ordination and providence of God the design which is presupposed in the actual result.\u5c31\u7b97\u4f60\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u591f\u6392\u9664\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ece\u4e0a\u5e1d\u547d\u5b9a\u5b87\u5b99\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5728\u5b87\u5b99\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e0a\u505a\u7942\u7684\u62a4\u7406\u8ddf\u638c\u7ba1\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u80cc\u540e\u5c31\u662f\u7942\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e8b\u60c5\u53d1\u751f\u90fd\u662f\u7942\u6240\u9884\u5b9a\u7684\u3002If inexcusableness is the result\uff0cit is the designed result from the aspect of decretive ordination. \u5047\u5982\u4eba\u65e0\u53ef\u63a8\u8bff\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u90a3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5728\u7942\u7684\u6c38\u6052\u8ba1\u5212\u91cc\u6240\u547d\u5b9a\u7684\u3001\u6240\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u63d0\u793a\uff1a\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\u6587\u5b57\u53ea\u9650\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u6559\u4f1a\u79c1\u4e0b\u5b66\u4e60\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u9020\u5c31\u6559\u4f1a\u548c\u6559\u4f1a\u8d1f\u8d23\u5e26\u9886\u3001\u8bb2\u9053\u7684\u540c\u5de5\u4eec\uff1b\u672a\u7ecf\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u8bf7\u52ff\u64c5\u81ea\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u7f51\u7ad9\u6216\u5e73\u53f0\u8f6c\u8f7d\u548c\u520a\u767b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\uff1b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\u548c\u56fe\u7247\u7684\u7248\u6743\u5f52\u300c\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u300d\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u590d\u5370\u51fa\u7248\u7b49\u5546\u4e1a\u7528\u9014\u3002\u5f53\u6587\u5b57\u548c\u5f55\u97f3\u4e0d\u7b26\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f55\u97f3\u4e3a\u51c6\u3002\u613f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8d50\u798f\u6587\u5b57\u7f16\u8f91\u548c\u6821\u5bf9\u7684\u80a2\u4f53\u6765\u96c5\u6b63\uff01\u82e5\u662f\u6709\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3001\u5949\u732e\u652f\u6301\u6216\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u4f55\u95ee\u9898\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u90ae\u4ef6\u65b9\u5f0f\u8054\u7cfb\u6211\u4eec\u3002\u4e2d\u534e\u7f51\u7edc\u5723\u7ea6\u5b66\u9662ccnci.org\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u5723\u7ea6\u5b66\u9662 HorizonCovenant@gmail.com\uff08PayPal\uff09<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7ea6\u7ff0\u6155\u7406\u300a\u7f57\u9a6c\u4eba\u4e66\u6ce8\u91ca\u300b\u53771 _05b\uff08\u7f571:16-20\uff09b \u4e3b\u8bb2\uff1a\u6797\u6148\u4fe1\u7267\u5e08_\u6821\u5bf9\uff1a\u5218\u52a0\u7acb\u5f1f\u5144_\u82f1\u6587\uff1aChe [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[171],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16034","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-_1"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16034","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=16034"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16034\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16035,"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16034\/revisions\/16035"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=16034"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=16034"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=16034"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}