{"id":16010,"date":"2026-05-04T08:13:42","date_gmt":"2026-05-04T00:13:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/?p=16010"},"modified":"2026-05-04T08:13:42","modified_gmt":"2026-05-04T00:13:42","slug":"%e7%ba%a6%e7%bf%b0%e6%85%95%e7%90%86%e3%80%8a%e7%bd%97%e9%a9%ac%e4%ba%ba%e4%b9%a6%e6%b3%a8%e9%87%8a%e3%80%8b%e5%8d%b71_07a%ef%bc%88%e7%bd%971%ef%bc%9a29-32%ef%bc%89%e4%b8%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/?p=16010","title":{"rendered":"\u7ea6\u7ff0\u6155\u7406\u300a\u7f57\u9a6c\u4eba\u4e66\u6ce8\u91ca\u300b\u53771_07a\uff08\u7f571\uff1a29-32\uff09\u4e0a"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <style> #h5vp6a3e3d510f1e3 .h5vp_video_overlay{ top:10px; left:10px; } .popup_close_btn { display:none }.h5vp_player.popup_close .plyr { display:none }.h5vp_popup_wrapper.popup_close video { display:none }#h5vp6a3e3d510f1e3 video { max-width:100% }#h5vp6a3e3d510f1e3 { border-radius:0px }#h5vp6a3e3d510f1e3 { overflow:hidden }#h5vp6a3e3d510f1e3 .h5vp_video_overlay p { color:#fff 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element.\r\n    <\/audio>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/p>\n<p>\u7ea6\u7ff0\u6155\u7406\u300a\u7f57\u9a6c\u4eba\u4e66\u6ce8\u91ca\u300b\u53771_07a\uff08\u7f571\uff1a29-32\uff09\u4e0a<\/p>\n<p>\u7f57\u9a6c\u4e66\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae029-31\u8282<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u8bb2\uff1a\u6797\u6148\u4fe1\u7267\u5e08_\u6821\u5bf9\uff1a\u5218\u52a0\u7acb\u5f1f\u5144_\u82f1\u6587\uff1aCherry\u59d0\u59b9_\u6587\u5b57\uff1a\u5170\u6708\u59d0\u59b9<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u8bfb\u65b0\u8bd1\u672c\uff1a<strong>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u5404\u6837\u7684\u4e0d\u4e49\u3001\u90aa\u6076\u3001\u8d2a\u5fc3\u3001\u9634\u9669\uff0c\u6ee1\u6000\u5ac9\u5992\u3001\u51f6\u6740\u3001\u597d\u6597\u3001\u6b3a\u8bc8\u3001\u5e78\u707e\u4e50\u7978\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u597d\u8272\u8c17\u8a00\u7684\u3001\u8bfd\u8c24\u4eba\u7684\u3001\u618e\u6068\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u3001\u51cc\u8fb1\u4eba\u7684\u3001\u50b2\u6162\u7684\u3001\u81ea\u5938\u7684\u3001\u5236\u9020\u6076\u4e8b\u7684\u3001\u5fe4\u9006\u7236\u6bcd\u7684\u3001\u51a5\u987d\u4e0d\u7075\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u5b88\u4fe1\u7528\u7684\u3001\u51b7\u9177\u65e0\u60c5\u7684\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u607b\u9690\u4e4b\u5fc3\u7684\u3002(\u7f57\u9a6c\u4e66 1:29-30 \u65b0\u8bd1\u672c)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This verses is the catalogue of vices. \u8fd9\u91cc\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u4e2a\u6076\u884c\u7684\u597d\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u5355\u3002It would be artificial to try to discover a system of classification in this list. \u5047\u5982\u8981\u627e\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e00\u79cd\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u90a3\u4e2a\u662f\u592a\u8fc7\u968f\u610f\u4e86\u3002The apostle&#8217;s mind ranges freely over the vices which came within his own observation in his contact with the various races and conditions of men. \u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u65e2\u7136\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5c31\u5f88\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u6765\u7eb5\u89c8\u4ed6\u6240\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f6a\u884c\u3002And no doubt also his mind ranged freely among the many sources of information available to him respecting the moral state of the nations in his own generation and in those that preceded. \u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\u7684\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4e5f\u662f\u5f88\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u6765\u7eb5\u89c8\u4ed6\u6240\u6536\u5230\u7684\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u90a3\u4e00\u4ee3\u6216\u8005\u5148\u524d\u7684\u4e16\u4e16\u4ee3\u4ee3\u4e0d\u540c\u56fd\u5bb6\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002We are impressed with the length of the list and with the variety of vice. \u6211\u4eec\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5217\u5355\u5f88\u957f\uff0c\u7f6a\u884c\u4e5f\u662f\u5f88\u591a\u79cd\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ee4\u6211\u4eec\u89c9\u5f97\u60ca\u8bb6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>But after all this is only a selection. \u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u7684\u5217\u5355\u800c\u5df2\u3002Elsewhere he mentions other vices which are not included in this enumeration.\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u7ecf\u6587\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u5217\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u7f6a\u884c\uff0c\u662f\u8fd9\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u5217\u51fa\u7684\uff08\u53c2\u8003\u52a0\u62c9\u592a\u4e665\u7ae019-21\u8282\uff09\u3002The extent of the depravity is evident from the opening clause\uff0c\u4ece\u7b2c29\u8282\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u77ed\u53e5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u770b\u5230\u4eba\u7684\u8d25\u574f\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u6027\uff1a\u201c<strong>being filled with all unrighteousness<\/strong>\uff0c\u88c5\u6ee1\u7740\u5404\u79cd\u7684\u4e0d\u4e49\u201d\u3002Unrighteousness is a generic term\u4e0d\u4e49\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u6027\u7684\u3001\u4e00\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u8bcdand suggests that it is the genus of which the other vices are specifications. \u4e0d\u4e49\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u7f6a\u884c\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\u91cc\u9762\u4e2a\u522b\u7684\u7f6a\u884c\u3002Whether this be so or not\u4e0d\u8bba\u8fd9\u6837\u770b\u6cd5\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u4e8b\u5b9ethe stress falls upon the completeness with which unrighteousness had come to exercise control over its subjects&#8211;\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u6240\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0d\u4e49\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b8c\u5b8c\u5168\u5168\u5730\u638c\u7ba1\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba&#8211;they were filled to the brim with all forms of unrighteousness. &#8211;\u4ed6\u4eec\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u751f\u547d\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u4e49\u662f\u88c5\u5230\u6ee1\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>And the addition of the terms\uff0c\u201cwickedness\uff0ccovetousness\uff0cmaliciousness\u201d\uff0c29\u8282\u8fd8\u6709\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u8bcd\u90aa\u6076\u3001\u8d2a\u5a6a\u3001\u6076\u6bd2\uff0caccentuates the totality of the depravity involved and the intensity with which it had been cultivated. \u5c31\u7279\u522b\u663e\u51fa\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u7275\u6d89\u5230\u7684\u8d25\u574f\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4eba\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5f3a\u70c8\u5730\u53bb\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0d\u4e49\u751f\u957f\u3002It is a picture of utmost degeneracy. \u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u5e45\u6781\u5ea6\u8d25\u574f\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u753b\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<p>While we may not be warranted in discovering a system of classification in the order which the apostle follows\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u6240\u8ddf\u7740\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u53bb\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0cyet\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0cthe change of construction at three points\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u6784\u9020\u5728\u4e09\u5904\u6709\u8f6c\u53d8may indicate that the vices have nevertheless their appropriate groupings\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u6307\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6076\u884c\u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u5b83\u4eec\u6070\u5f53\u7684\u7ec4\u522b\u7684\uff0c\u201c<strong>Unrighteousness\uff0cwickedness\uff0ccovetousness\uff0cmaliciousness\u201d<\/strong> constituting one group\uff0c\u201d\u4e0d\u4e49\u3001\u90aa\u6076\u3001\u8d2a\u5a6a\u3001\u9634\u9669\u201d\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\uff0c\u201c<strong>Envy\uff0cmurder\uff0cstrife\uff0cdeceit\uff0cmalignity\u201d<\/strong> constituting another group of kindred character\uff0c\u201c\u5ac9\u5992\u3001\u51f6\u6740\u3001\u597d\u6597\u3001\u6b3a\u8bc8\u3001\u5e78\u707e\u4e50\u7978\u201d\u53c8\u662f\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u6027\u8d28\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u7ec4\u522b\uff0cand the other characterizations to the end of verse 31 a series of vices of varied complexions. \u7136\u540e\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u7b2c31\u8282\u5e95\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u662f\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u6076\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>In any case\uff0cas we scan the whole list\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u7eb5\u89c8\u8fd9\u6574\u4e2a\u5217\u5355\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0cwe cannot but be impressed with the apostle&#8217;s insight into the depravity of human nature as apostasized from God \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u89c9\u5f97\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u7279\u522b\u6709\u6df1\u5ea6\u7684\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u770b\u7a7f\u90a3\u4e9b\u80cc\u5f03\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u8d25\u574f\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u7684\u6df1\u5c42\u770b\u89c1\uff1b(\u7b2c\u4e8c) the severity of his assessment of these moral conditions\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u5982\u4f55\u4e25\u5389\u5730\u8bc4\u4f30\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff1b(\u7b2c\u4e09)and the breadth of his knowledge respecting the concrete ways in which human depravity came to expression. \u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u5bf9\u4eba\u7684\u8d25\u574f\u5982\u4f55\u900f\u8fc7\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8868\u8fbe\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u662f\u591a\u4e48\u5bbd\u5e7f\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u7684\u770b\u89c1\uff0c\u4e25\u5389\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4ed6\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u662f\u591a\u4e48\u7684\u5bbd\u9614\u3002<\/p>\n<p><u>This concluding verse may also be well regarded as the culminating indictment against those whom the apostle has been describing. \u6700\u540e\u90a3\u4e00<\/u><u>\u8282<\/u><u>\uff0c\u6211<\/u><u>\u4eec<\/u><u>\u53ef\u80fd\u628a\u5b83\u770b\u6210<\/u><u>\u662f\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd<\/u><u>\u7f57<\/u><u>\u63cf\u8ff0<\/u><u>\u8fd9<\/u><u>\u4e9b\u4eba<\/u><u>\uff0c\u4ed6<\/u><u>\u5bf9\u8fd9<\/u><u>\u4e9b\u4eba\u7684<\/u><u>\u7ed3\u8bba<\/u><u>\u6027\u7684\u63a7\u544a\u3002<\/u><\/p>\n<p><u>The pronoun with which the verse begins 31<\/u><u>\u8282<\/u><u>\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u7684\u4ee3\u540d<\/u><u>\u8bcd<\/u><u>\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u6ca1\u6709\u7ffb<\/u><u>\u8bd1<\/u><u>\u51fa\u6765<\/u><u>draws attention to the character of the persons concerned&#8211;\u5c31<\/u><u>\u8ba9<\/u><u>\u6211<\/u><u>\u4eec<\/u><u>\u6ce8\u610f\u5230<\/u><u>\u8fd9<\/u><u>\u4e9b\u4eba\u7684\u6027\u683c\u662f\u5982\u4f55<\/u><u>&#8211;\u201cthey are of such a character that\u201d is its force<\/u><u>\u8fd9<\/u><u>\u4e2a\u4ee3\u540d<\/u><u>\u8bcd<\/u><u>\u7684<\/u><u>\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6<\/u><u>\u4eec<\/u><u>\u662f<\/u><u>\u8fd9<\/u><u>\u79cd\u6027\u683c\u7684\u4eba<\/u><u>and is to be connected with the last clause of the verse. \u662f\u4e0e31<\/u><u>\u8282<\/u><u>\u6700\u540e\u7684\u77ed\u53e5<\/u><u>\u8fde<\/u><u>\u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002<\/u><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7f57\u9a6c\u4e66<\/strong><strong>\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0<\/strong><strong>32<\/strong><strong>\u8282<\/strong><strong>Romans 1:32<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4ed6\u4eec\u867d\u77e5\u9053\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5224\u5b9a\u884c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e8b\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u5f53\u6b7b\u7684\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f46\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\u884c\uff0c\u8fd8\u559c\u6b22\u522b\u4eba\u53bb\u884c\u3002\u3010\u65b0\u8bd1\u672c\u3011\u4ed6\u4eec\u867d\u7136\u660e\u660e\u77e5\u9053\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5224\u5b9a\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u8be5\u6b7b\u7684\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f46\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\u884c\uff0c\u4e5f\u559c\u6b22\u522b\u4eba\u53bb\u884c\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This concluding verse may also be well regarded as the culminating indictment against those whom the apostle has been describing.\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd9\u6837\u770b32\u8282\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u8282\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4f7f\u5f92\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u63cf\u8ff0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\u6027\u7684\u63a7\u544a\u3002The pronoun with which the verse begins 32\u8282\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u662f\u201c\u4ed6\u4eec\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ee3\u540d\u8bcddraws attention to the character of the persons concerned&#8211;\u662f\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u7684\u6027\u683c\u662f\u5982\u4f55&#8211;\u201cthey are of such a character that\u201d is its force\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ee3\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u6027\u683c\u7684\u4ebaand is to be connected with the last clause of the verse. \u662f\u4e0e32\u8282\u6700\u540e\u7684\u77ed\u53e5\u8fde\u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002The extreme gravity of their offense consists in this\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7f6a\u662f\u6781\u5ea6\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\uff1athat they \u201cconsent with them that practice\u201d these vices\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0e\u90a3\u4e9b\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u7684\u4eba\u540c\u610fconsent\uff1b\u4e2d\u6587\u7ffb\u6210\u201c\u559c\u6b22\u201dpractice\u201d these vices\uff0cthey offer their approbation to the perpetrators of vice. \u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6076\u884c\u7684\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u662f\u63d0\u51fa\u8d5e\u8bb8\u7684\u3002That is the specific character which is now in view. \u73b0\u5728\u4f7f\u5f92\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u522b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6027\u683c\u6216\u8005\u54c1\u683c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe ordinance of God \u201d\u4e2d\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\u662f\u201c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5224\u5b9a\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ffb\u6210\u201c\u5f8b\u4f8b\u5178\u7ae0\u201din this case it&#8217;s the judicial ordinance of God ; \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u610f\u601d\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5728\u5f8b\u6cd5\u4e0a\u6240\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u5178\u7ae0; it is expressly defined as such in a succeeding clause\uff0c\u90a3\u4e0b\u9762\u77ed\u53e5\u5c31\u660e\u6587\u8bf4\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5178\u7ae0\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0cnamely\uff0c\u201cthat they that practice such things are worthy of death\u201d. \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5178\u7ae0\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u8be5\u6b7b\u7684\u201d\u3002The knowledge of this ordinance is predicated of the people concerned. \u6240\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bba\u5230\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c4\u77e9\u3001\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f8b\u4f8b\u5178\u7ae0\u7684\u3002The \u201cdeath\u201d referred to cannot reasonably be restricted to temporal death. \u8fd9\u91cc\u8bb2\u7684\u8be5\u6b7b\u7684\u201c\u6b7b\u201d\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u5728\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u6b7b\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u9650\u5236\u662f\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672a\u7ecf\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u8bf7\u52ff\u64c5\u81ea\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u7f51\u7ad9\u6216\u5e73\u53f0\u8f6c\u8f7d\u548c\u520a\u767b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\uff1b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\u7684\u7248\u6743\u5f52\u300c\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u300d\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u590d\u5370\u51fa\u7248\u7b49\u5546\u4e1a\u7528\u9014\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u534e\u7f51\u7edc\u5723\u7ea6\u5b66\u9662ccnci.org\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u5723\u7ea6\u5b66\u9662HorizonCovenant@gmail.com\uff08PayPal\uff09<\/p>\n<p>The Greeks themselves taught a doctrine of retribution for the wicked after death\uff0c\u5e0c\u814a\u4eba\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u6559\u4e49\u8bf4\uff0c\u884c\u6076\u7684\u4eba\u6b7b\u540e\u662f\u6709\u62a5\u5e94\u7684\uff0cand the apostle must have taken this into account in a statement of that which he credited the nations with knowing. \u6240\u4ee5\u5f53\u4f7f\u5f92\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u8bf4\u5217\u56fd\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5178\u7ae0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd9\u6837\u8bb2\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u662f\u8981\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5e0c\u814a\u4eba\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5f02\u6559\u662f\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6559\u4e49\u7684\u3002Furthermore\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u5982\u6b64\uff0che is here defining that in which the ordinance of God\u00a0 consists\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c4\u77e9\u3001\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5178\u7ae0\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u505a\u51fa\u5b9a\u4e49and he cannot in the terms of his own teaching elsewhere confine it to the judgment of temporal death. \u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u82e5\u8003\u8651\u5230\u4f7f\u5f92\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u7ecf\u6587\u7684\u6559\u5bfc\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f92\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u9650\u5236\u5728\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u6b7b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5ba1\u5224\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Knowledge of God &#8216;s penal judgment as it issues in the torments of the life to come is recognized therefore by the apostle as belonging to those with whom he is now concerned. \u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f92\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u8bba\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5ba1\u5224\u548c\u60e9\u7f5a\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5ba1\u5224\u8ddf\u60e9\u7f5a\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u6765\u4e16\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u548c\u6298\u78e8\u3002The question arises however whether this knowledge is conceived of as belonging to them in a state of abandoned degeneracy or as knowledge which they once possessed but had now lost. \u53ef\u662f\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u7ecf\u4e0a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u8bf4\u4ed6\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u3001\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5224\u5b9a\u3001\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5178\u7ae0\uff0c\u610f\u601d\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6240\u4efb\u51ed\u3001\u6240\u5f03\u7edd\u7684\u8d25\u574f\u4e2d\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u8bf4\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ee5\u524d\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u5931\u53bb\u8fd9\u4e2a\u77e5\u8bc6\u5462\uff1f\uff08\u53c2\u8003\u7b2c21\u8282\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Considerations could be pleaded in support of the latter alternative. \u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u8003\u8651\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u652f\u6301\u540e\u8005\u7684\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u7684\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ee5\u524d\u77e5\u9053\u3001\u73b0\u5728\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u3002\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u8003\u8651\u5462\uff1fThe tense used could be rendered \u201chaving known\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u65f6\u6001\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e2\u7136 \u201c\u4ee5\u524d\u77e5\u9053\u201d\u201chaving known\u201d\uff0cwith the implication that they no longer knew the same. \u6697\u793a\u4ed6\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u4e0d\u518d\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Furthermore\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u5982\u6b64\uff0cthe description given of the judicial blindness with which they had been inflicted(<em>cf<\/em>. Vss.21-23\uff0c28)\u4f7f\u5f92\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u8eab\u4e0a\u65bd\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u76f2\u76ee\uff0c(\u53c2\u800321-23\u8282\u548c28\u8282\uff0c)\u4fdd\u7f57\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u63cf\u8ff0\u8fd9\u79cd\u7684\u76f2\u76eewould not appear to comport with any active consciousness of the judicial ordinance <u>of God(\u6f0f<\/u><u>\u8bfb<\/u><u>)\u3002<\/u>\u597d\u50cf\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u79ef\u6781\u5730\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5224\u5b9a\u597d\u50cf\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u652f\u6301\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ee5\u524d\u77e5\u9053\u3001\u73b0\u5728\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u7a46\u91cc\u8981\u8bb2\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<p>But there are weighty reasons for thinking that the knowledge credited is not merely that of an earlier stage of their career. \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u547d\u4e2d\u4ee5\u524d\u77e5\u9053\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e09\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\uff081\uff09<strong>\u7b2c\u4e00<\/strong>\uff1aThe tense used is quite compatible with the thought that an existing state of knowledge is in view. \u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u6001\uff0c\u5f88\u6070\u5f53\u5730\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u6307\u51fa\u76ee\u524d\u4ed6\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u3002It can designate a state contemporaneous with the actions referred to in the latter part of the verse. \u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u6001\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u662f\u4e0e\u7b2c32\u8282\u540e\u9762\u8bb2\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u540c\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u3001\u540c\u65f6\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>(2)<strong>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0<\/strong>\uff1aThe knowledge of God &#8216;s judicial ordinance is in this passage rather obviously intended to throw into relief the aggravated perversity of their condition. \u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u7ecf\u6587\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u63d0\u51fa\u4ed6\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5178\u7ae0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u77e5\u9053\u5f88\u660e\u663e\u7684\u662f\u7528\u6765\u663e\u660e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u90a3\u4e48\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u90aa\u6076aggravated perversity\u3002If this knowledge is relegated to the past\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u8fd9\u79cd\u4eba\u53ea\u662f\u4ee5\u524d\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u8bdd\uff0cthen the relevance of allusion to it almost disappears. \u90a3\u4e48\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u6307\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u9002\u5207\u6027\u4e86\u3002Whereas\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0cif the present fact of this knowledge is asserted\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u8981\u58f0\u79f0\u7684\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0cthen its relevance immediately becomes apparent\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u9a6c\u4e0a\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e48\u73b0\u5728\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u4e0e\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u6240\u8bb2\u7684\u662f\u606f\u606f\u76f8\u5173\u7684from the consideration that\u539f\u56e0\u5f88\u7b80\u5355notwithstanding their knowledge of God &#8216;s judgment upon these things they went on doing them and applauding others who practiced the same. \u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7ee7\u7eed\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e5f\u8d5e\u8bb8\u5176\u4ed6\u884c\u540c\u6837\u4e8b\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u770b\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u77e5\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff083\uff09<strong>\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0<\/strong>\uff1aThe apparent incompatibility of the retention of this knowledge and the degenerate state of blindness is relieved by what the apostle says in verse 21. \u5047\u5982\u6709\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u4ecd\u7136\u77e5\u9053\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u76ee\u524d\u8fd9\u79cd\u76f2\u76ee\u7684\u8d25\u574f\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u53c2\u8003\u7b2c21\u8282\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u96be\u9898\u7684\u3002There the knowledge of God\u00a0 is clearly represented as coexisting with the perversity of failing to glorify God\u00a0 and give him thanks. \u5728\u7b2c21\u8282\uff0c\u5f88\u660e\u663e\u7684\u6709\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u662f\u5e76\u5b58\u7684\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u8bc6\u795e\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u90aa\u6076\u5728\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u8363\u8000\u795e\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5411\u7942\u611f\u8c22\u3002This latter knowledge of God\u00a0 is more comprehensive than that of God &#8216;s judicial ordinance\u5728\u7b2c21\u8282\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u795e\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u662f\u6bd4\u7b2c32\u8282\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8ba4\u8bc6\u795e\u7684\u5224\u5b9a\u662f\u8fdc\u8fdc\u66f4\u52a0\u5e7f\u9614\u3001\u6db5\u76d6\u4e00\u5207and yet it coexisted with the perversity which constituted the essence of their apostasy. \u53ef\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u795e\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u80cc\u5f03\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u90aa\u6076\u662f\u5e76\u5b58\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>(4)<strong>\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0<\/strong>\uff1aTo eliminate this knowledge from the consciousness of the Gentile nations\u5047\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5916\u90a6\u7684\u5217\u56fd\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u8bdd\uff0cwould be quite contrary to the implications of 2:14 \uff0c15. \u5c31\u4e0e\u7f57\u9a6c\u4e66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae014\u548c15\u8282\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u662f\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u3002Besides\uff0cas noted above\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u4e0a\u9762\u6240\u770b\u5230\uff0cthe historical evidence proves\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u8bc1\u660ethat the nations were not without that knowledge\u5217\u56fd\u7684\u4eba\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2a\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684and had a keen sense of the sequence which God\u00a0 established in his judicial ordinance. \u4ed6\u4eec\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8bbe\u7acb\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u7684\u5178\u7ae0\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5148\u540e\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>If this view is adopted\u5047\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u4ed6\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u77e5\u9053\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5224\u5b9a\u7684\u8bddthen we have an important datum\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u5c31\u662fnamely\uff0cthat notwithstanding all the degradation\uff0creligious\uff0cmoral\uff0cand mental\uff0cdelineated in the foregoing verses\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u51e0\u8282\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u52fe\u753b\u51fa\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u4e0a\u3001\u5728\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0a\u3001\u5728\u601d\u60f3\u4e0a\u7684\u8d25\u574f\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5982\u6b64\uff0cthe apostle recognizes these same persons to have knowledge of God &#8216;s righteous ordinance\u4f7f\u5f92\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u662f\u77e5\u9053\u4e0a\u5e1d\u516c\u4e49\u7684\u5178\u7ae0\u7684to the effect that the vices perpetrated deserve the pains of hell. \u4ed6\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u82e5\u72af\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f6a\u884c\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u914d\u53d7\u5730\u72f1\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>It is not superfluous to set forth the following inferences. \u6211<\/strong><strong>\u4eec<\/strong><strong>\u4e0b\u9762\u8981\u505a\u4e09\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u63a8<\/strong><strong>\u8bba<\/strong><strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u591a\u4f59\u7684<\/strong><strong>\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\uff081\uff09\u7b2c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u63a8\u8bba<\/strong>\uff1aThe most degraded of men\uff0cdegraded because judicially abandoned of God \uff0care not destitute of the knowledge of God\u00a0 and his righteous judgments.\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e2d\u6700\u8d25\u574f\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5f03\u7edd\u4ed6\u4eec\u800c\u662f\u6700\u8d25\u574f\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5bf9\u4e0a\u5e1d\u548c\u5bf9\u4e0a\u5e1d\u516c\u4e49\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u3002In terms of 2:14 and 15\uff0cconscience asserts itself. \u6839\u636e\u7f57\u9a6c\u4e66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae014\u300115\u8282\uff0c\u4eba\u7684\u826f\u77e5\u4f1a\u4e3b\u52a8\u5730\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>(2)<strong>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u63a8\u8bba<\/strong>\uff1aThis knowledge does not of itself prevent these same persons from indulging the sins which they know merit the judgment of God\u00a0 and issue in death. \u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u62e6\u963b\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u653e\u7eb5\u53bb\u72af\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f6a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u72af\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f6a\u662f\u914d\u53d7\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\u3001\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>(3)<strong>\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u63a8\u8bba<\/strong>\uff1aThe knowledge of God &#8216;s righteous judgment that does not create any hatred of sin\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e0a\u5e1d\u516c\u4e49\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u5fc3\u4e2d\u9020\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u5bf9\u72af\u7f6a\u7684\u6068\u6076nor does it foster any disposition to repent of it. \u4ed6\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u6ecb\u957f\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u5fc3\u610f\u8981\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f6a\u6094\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<p>All the preceding clauses in this verse are subordinate to the concluding&#8211;\u524d\u9762\uff0c\u5c31\u662f32\u8282\u524d\u9762\u6240\u6709\u7684\u77ed\u53e5\uff0c\u90fd\u7531\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u5bfc\u6027\u7684\u77ed\u53e5&#8211;\u201c<strong>but also consent with them that practice them\u201d. <\/strong>\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u540c\u610f\u90a3\u4e9b\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u7684\u4eba\u3002The iniquity described in the preceding verses is here shown to be consentient and concerted\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u51e0\u8282\u5c31\u662f29\u8282\u523031\u8282\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u7f6a\u5b7d\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u73b0\u5728\u8bf4\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5171\u540c\u77e5\u9053\u3001\u800c\u4e14\u5f7c\u6b64\u652f\u6301\u7684\uff0cand it is this mutually consentient feature of the iniquity practiced\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u884c\u7684\u7f6a\u884c\uff0c\u6709\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f7c\u6b64\u8ba4\u53ef\u7684\u7279\u70b9that elicits the climactic indictment of Gentile degeneracy. \u5c31\u5f15\u53d1\u51fa\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5bf9\u5916\u90a6\u4eba\u8d25\u574f\u7684\u63a7\u544a\u4e4b\u9ad8\u5cf0\u3002However severe has been the apostle&#8217;s delineation of the depravity of men\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f92\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u591a\u4e48\u4e25\u5389\u5730\u52fe\u753b\u51fa\u4eba\u7684\u8d25\u574f\uff0che has reserved for the end the characterization which is the most damning of all. \u4ed6\u4fdd\u7559\u7740\u6700\u4e25\u5389\u7684\u6307\u8d23\u5230\u6700\u540e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>It is that of the consensus of men in the pursuit of iniquity. \u8fd9\u4e2a\u6700\u540e\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8bb2\u5230\u4eba\u72af\u7f6a\u7684\u90a3\u79cd\u5171\u8bc6consensus \u3002The most damning condition is not the practice of iniquity however much that may evince our abandonment of God\u00a0 and abandonment to sin; \u6700\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u6c89\u6ca6\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8fd8\u4e0d\u662f\u72af\u7f6a\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u72af\u7f6a\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f15\u53d1\u51fa\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5f03\u7edd\u3001\u4efb\u51ed\u6211\u4eec\u53bb\u72af\u7f6a\uff1bit is that\u6700\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e43\u662ftogether with the practice\u4e0e\u72af\u7f6a\u4e4b\u540c\u65f6there&#8217;s also the support and encouragement of others in the practice of the same. \u540c\u65f6\u6709\u522b\u7684\u4eba\u72af\u540c\u6837\u7684\u7f6a\uff0c\u6709\u7740\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3001\u6709\u7740\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u9f13\u52b1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>To put it bluntly\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u8a00\u5730\u8bf4\uff0cwe are not only bent on damning ourselves\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5355\u5355\u613f\u610f\u81ea\u6211\u63a7\u544abut we congratulate others in the doing of those things that we know have the issue in damnation. \u6211\u4eec\u751a\u81f3\u606d\u559c\u522b\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u72af\u540c\u6837\u7684\u7f6a\u800c\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u6c89\u6ca6\u7684\u3002We hate others as we hate ourselves\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u6068\u6076\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6068\u6076\u522b\u4ebaand render therefore to them the approbation of what we know merits damnation. \u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u8d5e\u8bb8\u4ed6\u4eec\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u914d\u53d7\u6c89\u6ca6\u7684\u4e8b\u3002Iniquity is most aggravated when it meets with no inhibition from the disapproval of others and where there is collective and consentient approbation. 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