{"id":15507,"date":"2026-04-01T17:55:44","date_gmt":"2026-04-01T09:55:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/?p=15507"},"modified":"2026-04-01T19:09:15","modified_gmt":"2026-04-01T11:09:15","slug":"%e8%ae%a4%e8%af%86%e7%8e%b0%e4%bb%a3%e7%a5%9e%e5%ad%a6_04_%e7%ac%ac1%e7%ab%a0%ef%bc%9a%e4%b8%80%e4%b9%9d%e4%b8%80%e4%b9%9d%e5%b9%b4%e4%b9%8b%e5%89%8d%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8e%e5%ba%b7%e5%be%b7%e5%88%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/?p=15507","title":{"rendered":"\u8ba4\u8bc6\u73b0\u4ee3\u795e\u5b66_04_\u7b2c1\u7ae0\uff1a\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e00\u4e5d\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\uff1a\u4ece\u5eb7\u5fb7\u5230\u5df4\u7279\uff08\u7eed\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <style> #h5vp6a3e2f31ddea4 .h5vp_video_overlay{ top:10px; left:10px; } .popup_close_btn { display:none }.h5vp_player.popup_close .plyr { display:none }.h5vp_popup_wrapper.popup_close video { display:none }#h5vp6a3e2f31ddea4 video { max-width:100% }#h5vp6a3e2f31ddea4 { border-radius:0px }#h5vp6a3e2f31ddea4 { 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auto; }\r\n .player15506 .plyr__controls .plyr__controls {\r\n   border-radius: none;\r\n   overflow: visible;\r\n }\r\n .skin_default .player15506 .plyr__controls {\r\n   overflow: visible;\r\n }\r\n <\/style>\r\n<div class=\"skin_default\" id=\"skin_default\">\r\n  <div style=\"width:100%;--plyr-color-bg:#333\" class=\"h5ap_standard_player player15506\" \r\n  data-poster=\"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/html5-audio-player-pro\/shortcode\/player\/sticky-default.jpg\" \r\n  data-skin=\"default\" \r\n  data-title=\"Audio Title\" \r\n  data-song=\"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/video\/\u62a4\u6559\u795e\u5b66\/2019_\u8ba4\u8bc6\u73b0\u4ee3\u795e\u5b66\/\u8ba4\u8bc6\u73b0\u4ee3\u795e\u5b66_04_\u7b2c1\u7ae0\uff1a\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e00\u4e5d\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\uff1a\u4ece\u5eb7\u5fb7\u5230\u5df4\u7279\uff08\u7eed\uff09.mp3\" \r\n  data-id=\"15506\" \r\n  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browser does not support the audio element.\r\n    <\/audio>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/p>\n<p>\u8ba4\u8bc6\u73b0\u4ee3\u795e\u5b66\u7b2c\u56db\u8bb2 <em>Contemporary\u00a0World Theology<\/em>\uff0c Part one session four\uff0c\u300a\u8ba4\u8bc6\u73b0\u4ee3\u795e\u5b66\u300b\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7b2c\u56db\u8bb2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u8bb2\uff1a\u6797\u6148\u4fe1\u7267\u5e08_\u6821\u5bf9\uff1a\u5218\u52a0\u7acb\u5f1f\u5144_\u6587\u5b57\uff1aXSS\u59d0\u59b9<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u8bb2\u5eb7\u5fb7\u548c\u542f\u8499\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u3002\u8001\u65e7\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u65b0\u7684\u3002\u65b0\u5728\u54ea\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u8bb2\u5230\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u52a0\u5f7b\u5e95\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4eba\u901a\u8fc7\u7406\u6027\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u662f\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u4e0a\u5e1d\u3001\u4f26\u7406\u3001\u6c38\u751f\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e3b\u4e49\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u80fd\u591f\u627e\u5230\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u5916\u8868\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u201d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53eb\u505a\u73b0\u8c61\u754c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5c31\u88ab\u5173\u5728\u697c\u4e0a\u7684\u5f7c\u5cb8\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u771f\u7406\u754c\u3002\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\uff0c\u7406\u6027\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u662f\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5047\u88c5\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6c38\u751f\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f26\u7406\u7684\u51c6\u5219\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u81ea\u4ece\u5eb7\u5fb7\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u6709\u7941\u514b\u679c\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u4e49\u628a\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u53c8\u8bb2\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u7684\u5f7b\u5e95\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u53c8\u5206\u4e3aHistorie\uff08\u5c31\u662f\u5386\u53f2\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff09\u548cGeschichte\uff08\u697c\u4e0a\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u8d85\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u90a3\u4e2a\u662f\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ee7\u7eed\uff0c\u5eb7\u5fb7\u8fd9\u79cd\u7684\u628a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u9694\u79bb\uff0c\u628a\u4ed6\u5c01\u95ed\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u53c8\u9020\u6210\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u540e\u679c\u3002In Bultmann\u2019s distinctions between the \u201chistorical Jesus\u201d and \u201cthe kerygmatic Christ\u201d\uff0c\u5e03\u7279\u66fc\u53c8\u5206\u8fa8\u51fa\u201c\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u8036\u7a23\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6559\u4f1a\u5ba3\u8bb2\u7684\uff08\u6216\u8005\u4fe1\u606f\u91cc\u9762\u7684\uff09\u57fa\u7763\u201d\uff0cor\uff0c to use Kant\u2019s language\uff0c the phenomenal Jesus and the noumenal Christ.\u6216\u8005\u6211\u4eec\u501f\u7528\u5eb7\u5fb7\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u73b0\u8c61\u754c\u7684\u8036\u7a23\u548c\u771f\u7406\u754c\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u628a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u9694\u79bb\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u91cd\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Its relativism regarding the divine origin of revelation leads to a new stress on the \u201chumanity\u201d of the Bible\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5bf9\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u542f\u793a\u6765\u6e90\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08\u5c31\u662f\u542f\u793a\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece\u4e0a\u5e1d\u800c\u6765\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u90a3\u8981\u770b\u662f\u5386\u53f2\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u7684\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u8bf4\u4fe1\u4ef0\u8303\u56f4\u7684\uff09\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u5723\u7ecf\u7684\u4eba\u6027\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u4ece\u4eba\u6027\u6765\u770b\u5723\u7ecf\uff0c\u5723\u7ecf\u662f\u4eba\u5199\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u4eba\u5199\u7684\u5723\u7ecf\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\uff0c\u4eba\u5199\u7684\u3002and a new Barthian definition of revelation itself as \u201cthe divine-human encounter\uff0c\u201d the noumenal touching the phenomenal but not entering.\u8fd9\u6837\u5b50\uff0c\u5df4\u7279\u5bf9\u542f\u793a\u5c31\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u65b0\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u542f\u793a\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e0e\u4eba\u7684\u76f8\u9047\uff0c\u771f\u7406\u754c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u63a5\u89e6\u73b0\u8c61\u754c\uff0c\u5f7c\u5cb8\u78b0\u5230\u6b64\u5cb8\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u8fdb\u5165\u5230\u3002\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u78b0\u4e00\u78b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u4f60\u8fde\u62cd\u7167\u90fd\u6765\u4e0d\u53ca\u7684\u3002\u4e0e\u4eba\u76f8\u9047\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u62cd\u7167\uff0c\u5199\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5199\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u662f\u5723\u7ecf\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u542f\u793a\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u6216\u8005\u89c1\u8bc1\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u542f\u793a\u672c\u8eab\u4e86\u3002\u78b0\u4e00\u78b0\uff0c\u63a5\u89e6\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u8fdb\u5165\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u3002It produces in Moltmann a \u201ctheology of hope\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u628a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u9694\u79bb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u53c8\u5f15\u81f4\u83ab\u7279\u66fc\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u795e\u5b66\uff0ccompletely skeptical about any eschatological end to phenomenal history\uff0c\u4ed6\u5b8c\u5168\u6000\u7591\u73b0\u8c61\u754c\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u662f\u5426\u5c06\u6765\u5728\u672b\u4e16\u4f1a\u7ed3\u675f\uff0cyet still able to speak of a noumenal future.\u4f46\u662f\u53c8\u80fd\u591f\u505a\u5230\u771f\u7406\u754c\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u6765\u7684\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u4eba\u6709\u76fc\u671b\u3001\u6709\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf4\u8036\u7a23\u518d\u6765\u90a3\u4e2a\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u7ec8\u7ed3\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bb2\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u672a\u6765\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u6d6e\u7684\u672a\u6765\u3002\u6211\u518d\u8bb2\uff0cGeschichte\uff08\u8d85\u5386\u53f2\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u865a\u6d6e\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u662f\u4e2a\u865a\u6d6e\u7684\u57fa\u7763\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u7a7a\u4e2d\u697c\u9601\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0cNo.4\uff0cThere was\uff0c and is\uff0c the establishment of the so-called historical-critical method.\u5eb7\u5fb7\u4ee5\u6765\u5c31\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6279\u5224\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u3002\u66fe\u601d\u701a\u535a\u58eb\u90a3\u672c\u300a\u8c01\u7684\u4fdd\u7f57\uff0c\u54ea\u4e2a\u798f\u97f3\uff1f\u300b\u91cc\u9762\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u5c31\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f53\u7136\u63a5\u53d7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u3002\u66fe\u535a\u58eb\u79f0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53eb\u505a\u5386\u53f2\u8fa8\u522b\u5b66\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u8001\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u662fhistorical-critical method\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u6279\u5224\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u6765\u4e86\u3002\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u5386\u53f2\u5bb6\u4e0d\u80fd\u591f\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u5386\u53f2\u3002The Enlightenment had called for autonomy from any traditional sets of Christian belief.\u542f\u8499\u8fd0\u52a8\u5df2\u7ecf\u547c\u5401\u4eba\u4ece\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u5957\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4f20\u7edf\u4fe1\u4ef0\u8981\u89e3\u653e\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u81ea\u4e3b\u3002It also called for a critical methodology that would also be fully consistent with this self-conscious autonomy.\u542f\u8499\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e5f\u547c\u5401\u4e00\u79cd\u6279\u5224\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u89c9\u6cd5\uff0c\u662f\u4e0e\u8fd9\u79cd\u81ea\u89c9\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u4f60\u600e\u4e48\u770b\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u770b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5386\u53f2\u7559\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u8ddf\u601d\u60f3\u5462\uff1f\u4f60\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u4e0e\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u624d\u884c\u3002In the investigation of the past\uff0c the historian must also be autonomous.\u5386\u53f2\u5bb6\u5728\u68c0\u89c6\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u540c\u65f6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u4eba\u3002Even with regard to the biblical documents\uff0c this autonomy must be strictly preserved.\u5c31\u7b97\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u5723\u7ecf\u7684\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u4e25\u8c28\u4fdd\u5b58\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u57282005\u5e74\uff0c\u88ab\u5a01\u654f\u65af\u7279\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u9080\u8bf7\u8d70\u8def\u7684\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u6069\u65af (Peter Enns)\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4ec0\u4e48\u5723\u7ecf\u65e0\u8bef\uff0c\u6211\u53ea\u77e5\u9053\u6211\u624b\u4e0a\u7684\u65e7\u7ea6\u5723\u7ecf\u662f\u4e71\u4e03\u516b\u7cdf\u7684\uff08Out of all I know is I have a messy Old Testament on my hands\uff09\u3002\u201d\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u79cd\u5bf9\u5723\u7ecf\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5bf9\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5bf9\u81ea\u89c9\u6cd5\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5eb7\u5fb7\u5f15\u8fdb\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u5728\u6700\u8fd1\u51e0\u5e74\u7279\u522b\u7684\u3001\u6bd4\u8f83\u81ea\u89c9\u5730\u91c7\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4ee5\u524d\u53ea\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u90fd\u7528\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>This autonomy of method over against biblical text makes certain assumptions still ruthlessly guarded by the historical-critical method.\u8fd9\u79cd\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\uff0c\u51cc\u9a7e\u5728\u5723\u7ecf\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4eba\u5728\u5723\u7ecf\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u5723\u7ecf\uff0c\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u3001\u51cc\u9a7e\u5728\u5723\u7ecf\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6709\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u4e00\u5957\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u524d\u63d0\u7684\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u5386\u53f2\u6279\u5224\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5386\u53f2\u8fa8\u522b\u5b66\u8fd8\u4f1a\u8d39\u5c3d\u4e5d\u725b\u4e8c\u864e\u4e4b\u529b\u6765\u7ef4\u62a4\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u811a\u7b2c10\uff08footnote 10\uff09\uff0cI am most indebted to Dr. Richard B. Gaffin of Westminster Theological Seminary for drawing the attention of his students to the following material during class sessions in the fall of 1971.\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u5f88\u611f\u6fc0\u5a01\u654f\u65af\u7279\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u845b\u7406\u9f50\u535a\u58eb\uff08Dr. Richard B. Gaffin\uff09\u57281971\u5e74\u79cb\u5929\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e0a\uff0c\u6559\u5bfc\u5b66\u751f\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5206\u6790\u3002It means an abandonment of the doctrine of verbal inspiration.\u8fd9\u79cd\u5386\u53f2\u6279\u5224\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8981\u5b8c\u5168\u629b\u5f03\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e22\u5f03\u9010\u5b57\u9ed8\u793a\u7684\u6559\u4e49\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6ca1\u6709\u9010\u5b57\u9ed8\u793a\u3002The deistic concept of nature and God\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u795e\u8bba\uff08\u81ea\u7136\u795e\u8bba\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u89c2\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u795e\u8bba\u7684\u795e\u89c2\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u5b87\u5b99\u5c31\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4e86\uff0c\u5b87\u5b99\u6ca1\u6709\u795e\u8ff9\u7684\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e0d\u4ecb\u5165\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u81ea\u7136\u795e\u8bba\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u89c2\u548c\u795e\u89c2\uff09\uff0cwhich was part of the spawning process of the Enlightenment\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6070\u6070\u5c31\u662f\u542f\u8499\u8fd0\u52a8\u5174\u8d77\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0cfound no place for a divinely intervention of God into creation through any supernatural\uff0crevelatory manner.\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u5bb9\u8bb8\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7a7a\u95f4\u8ba9\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4ecb\u5165\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d7\u9020\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u8d85\u81ea\u7136\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u542f\u793a\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u4ecb\u5165\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u88ab\u9020\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>German idealism follows this non-intervention policy most severely.\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u662f\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u7279\u522b\u7684\u4e25\u5cfb\u7684\u5b88\u4f4f\u8fd9\u79cd\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e0d\u4ecb\u610f\u8fd9\u79cd\u7684\u539f\u5219\u7684\u3002It means also the introduction of distinction and discontinuity between the Word of God on the one hand and the Bible on the other.\u8fd9\u5c31\u5f15\u8fdb\u4e00\u79cd\u7684\u5206\u522b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u65ad\u5c42\uff1a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8bdd\u548c\u5723\u7ecf\u662f\u4e24\u7801\u4e8b\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u65ad\u5c42\u7684\u3002\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e0d\u662f\u795e\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u795e\u7684\u8bdd\u4e0d\u662f\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u662f\u4e24\u7801\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672a\u7ecf\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u8bf7\u52ff\u64c5\u81ea\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u7f51\u7ad9\u6216\u5e73\u53f0\u8f6c\u8f7d\u548c\u520a\u767b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\uff1b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\u7684\u7248\u6743\u5f52\u300c\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u300d\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u590d\u5370\u51fa\u7248\u7b49\u5546\u4e1a\u7528\u9014\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u534e\u7f51\u7edc\u5723\u7ea6\u5b66\u9662ccnci.org\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u5723\u7ea6\u5b66\u9662HorizonCovenant@gmail.com\uff08PayPal\uff09<\/p>\n<p>And coupled with this is the methodological presumption that there are errors in the Bible.\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5386\u53f2\u6279\u5224\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\uff0c\u5c31\u5927\u80c6\u5730\u3001\u50b2\u6162\u5730\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u201dAs the proper object of historical method\uff0c the Bible is to be treated like any other set of documents from the past.\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5386\u53f2\u5bb6\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5386\u53f2\u6279\u5224\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u88ab\u770b\u4e3a\u662f\u4ece\u8fc7\u53bb\u7559\u4e0b\u6765\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4efd\u6587\u732e\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e0e\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u4e66\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u90fd\u662f\u8981\u53d7\u5230\u5386\u53f2\u6279\u5224\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u3002And like any other document\uff0c it is subject to the intrusion of error.\u6240\u4ee5\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e0e\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5b83\u80af\u5b9a\u4f1a\u6709\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u4ecb\u5165\u3002This approach to the Bible remains today one of the distinguishing features of naturalistic criticism\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\u5723\u7ecf\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u5723\u7ecf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5230\u4e86\u4eca\u5929\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u7814\u7a76\u6cd5\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u70b9\uff0cwhether in its more conservative form\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u8fd9\u79cd\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u89e3\u7ecf\u6cd5\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff08as exemplified by men like Oscar Cullmann and Wolfhart Pannenberg\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u5e93\u5c14\u66fc\u6216\u8005Pannenberg\u8fd9\u79cd\u7684\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u4e49\uff09\uff0cor in its more radical expression\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6bd4\u8f83\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08among men like Tillich\uff0c John Robinson\uff0c and the secular theologians\uff0c\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u7530\u529b\u514b\u3001\u7f57\u5bbe\u900a\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e16\u4fd7\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\uff09\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Barth and Bultmann\uff0c despite all the internecine debate\uff0c\u5df4\u7279\u548c\u5e03\u7279\u66fc\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u597d\u50cf\u5728\u5bb6\u91cc\u5435\u67b6\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u6709\u591a\u4e48\u591a\u7684\u8fa9\u8bba\uff0cremain at one in their retention of this methodology.\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u5b88\u4f4f\u8fd9\u79cd\u5386\u53f2\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5386\u53f2\u8fa8\u522b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u3002The sharp debates heard between contemporary naturalistic theologians today\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f53\u4ee3\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5267\u70c8\u7684\u8fa9\u8bba\uff0cand one should not under-emphasize their sharpness\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u8981\u4f4e\u4f30\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u591a\u4e48\u7684\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u5728\u8fa9\u8bba\uff0care still carried on within basically the same methodological framework which the Enlightenment has left us as their heritage.\u4e0d\u8bba\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fa9\u8bba\u591a\u4e48\u7684\u6fc0\u70c8\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u542f\u8499\u8fd0\u52a8\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec\u7559\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u5c31\u662f\u4eba\u5199\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5199\u7684\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u8bba\u54ea\u4e00\u6d3e\u7684\u795e\u5b66\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u7b80\u6cb3\u57f9\u5199\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u54ea\u4e00\u6d3e\u7684\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u7684\u795e\u5b66\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6279\u5224\u6027\u7684\u5723\u7ecf\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u81ea\u4ece\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u5199\u5b8c\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e8640\u591a\u5e74\u4e86\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\uff0c\u534e\u4eba\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5723\u7ecf\u548c\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u4e5f\u7528\u4e0a\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f 40\u5e74\u6765\u7684\u60b2\u5267\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u5f15\u8fdb\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f53\u4ee3\u795e\u5b66\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u7528\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u597d\u50cf\u6211\u4eec\u547c\u5438\u7684\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5728\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u8bfe\u5802\u91cc\u9762\u5927\u884c\u5176\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n<p>No.5\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e94\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u542f\u8499\u8fd0\u52a8\u5f15\u8fdb\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u3002The result of this methodology was\uff0c and is\uff0c a radical separation between history and faith.\u8fd9\u79cd\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5f7b\u5e95\u7684\u5206\u5272\u4e86\u3002G.E. Lessing (1729-1781)\uff0c\u83b1\u8f9b\uff081729-1781\uff09\uff0chad formulated that separation during the Enlightenment times as an \u201cugly\uff0c broad ditch\u201d which he himself said he was incapable of jumping.\u5728\u542f\u8499\u8fd0\u52a8\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u8868\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u79f0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5386\u53f2\u4e0e\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5206\u5272\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e11\u964b\u7684\u3001\u5bbd\u9614\u7684\u9e3f\u6c9f\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u8d85\u8d8a\u3001\u8d8a\u8fc7\u3002But such a leap\uff0c Lessing also said\uff0c was unnecessary.\u53ef\u662f\u83b1\u8f9b\u4e5f\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\u7684\u8df3\u8dc3\u662f\u4e0d\u5fc5\u7684\u3002The truth of religion and of rational Christianity does not depend upon the accidents of history\u2019s truths but upon the truth of its teaching.\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u8981\u9760\u5386\u53f2\u5076\u53d1\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u4e0d\u8981\u6267\u7740\u201c\u8036\u7a23\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u5230\u4ece\u6b7b\u91cc\u590d\u6d3b\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e2a\u5b97\u6559\u6559\u4e49\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\u7684\u3002The true worth of any religion does not depend on history\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u5b97\u6559\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u5386\u53f2\uff0che said\uff0c but on its capacity to transform life through love.\u5728\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e2a\u5b97\u6559\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u900f\u8fc7\u7231\u6765\u6539\u53d8\u751f\u547d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Lessing\u2019s famous parable of the three rings emphasizes this disjunction sharply.\u83b1\u8f9b\u7684\u8457\u540d\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u5c31\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9e3f\u6c9f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u4e09\u4e2a\u6212\u6307\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\u7684\uff1aThere was once an ancient ring which had the power to bestow upon its owner the gift of being loved by God and man.\u53e4\u65f6\u5019\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6212\u6307\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u62e5\u6709\u5b83\u7684\u4eba\u88ab\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6240\u7231\uff0c\u53c8\u88ab\u522b\u4eba\u6240\u7231\u3002His was passed on down many generations\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u6212\u6307\u4e00\u4ee3\u4e00\u4ee3\u5730\u4f20\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0cuntil it came into the possession of a father who had three sons equally dear to him.\u4e00\u76f4\u4f20\u5230\u4e00\u4f4d\u7236\u4eb2\uff0c\u4ed6\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u513f\u5b50\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u90fd\u662f\u7236\u4eb2\u6240\u4eb2\u7231\u7684\u3002To resolve the dilemma\uff0c he had two replicas made and gave a ring to each son.\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ed6\u505a\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u590d\u5236\u54c1\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u513f\u5b50\u90fd\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u53ea\u6212\u6307\u3002After his death all three claimed to possess the true ring.\u7236\u4eb2\u6b7b\u4e86\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u513f\u5b50\u90fd\u5ba3\u79f0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6212\u6307\u662f\u539f\u672c\u7684\u3002But\uff0c as with religion\uff0c the original cannot be traced.\u5c31\u6b63\u5982\u5b97\u6559\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u539f\u672c\u5df2\u7ecf\u8ffd\u5bfb\u4e0d\u5230\u4e86\u3002Historical investigation is of no avail.\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u6d3e\u4e0d\u4e0a\u7528\u573a\u7684\u3002But a wise judge counsels each son to behave as if he had the true ring and prove it by deeds of love.\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f88\u667a\u6167\u7684\u6cd5\u5b98\u529d\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u513f\u5b50\uff0c\u884c\u4e8b\u4e3a\u4eba\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u81ea\u5df1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u771f\u7684\u6212\u6307\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u7528\u7231\u5fc3\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u3002Thus in the end it will not matter who had the original.\u6240\u4ee5\u81f3\u7ec8\uff0c\u8c01\u6709\u90a3\u4e2a\u539f\u672c\u5c31\u65e0\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u4e86\u3002The three sons represent Judaism\uff0c Christianity and Islam.\u4e09\u4e2a\u513f\u5b50\u5c31\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u3001\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u548c\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\u3002One day they will transcend themselves and become united in a universal religion of love.\u6709\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e09\u5927\u5b97\u6559\u5c06\u4f1a\u81ea\u6211\u8d85\u8d8a\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u6027\u7684\u7231\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Repeatedly in the chapters that follow\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u6570\u7ae0\u91cc\u9762\uff0cthis disjunction between history and faith will be recognized and repeatedly\uff0c in the same manner as Lessing\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u4e0e\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u5206\u5272\u4f1a\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u83b1\u8f9b\u4e00\u6837\uff0cthe modern theologian will say that though the recorded history of Christianity may not be accepted to greater or lesser degree\uff0c the teaching of Christianity may be accepted to greater or lesser degree.\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\u4f1a\u8bf4\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u591a\u591a\u5c11\u5c11\u4e0d\u53ef\u88ab\u63a5\u7eb3\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u6559\u4e49\u5374\u591a\u591a\u5c11\u5c11\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u63a5\u7eb3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Barth will retain it as he discards the question of whether the snake in the garden of Eden spoke as of lesser importance than what the snake said\uff0c\u5df4\u7279\u4f1a\u8fd9\u6837\u7ef4\u62a4\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u65ad\u5c42\uff1a\u4f0a\u7538\u56ed\u91cc\u9762\u7a76\u7adf\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u6761\u86c7\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u90a3\u6761\u86c7\u8bf4\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u8ddf\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u65ad\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Bultmann will retain it as he repudiates the gospel records as historically dubious productions on the one hand\uff0c and embraces them for their existential understanding of the self\uff0c on the other hand.\u5e03\u7279\u66fc\u4f1a\u8fd9\u6837\u5b50\uff1a\u4ed6\u4f1a\u62d2\u7edd\u798f\u97f3\u4e66\u91cc\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u503c\u5f97\u6000\u7591\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u5e03\u7279\u66fc\u540c\u65f6\u4f1a\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u65b0\u7ea6\u5723\u7ecf\u4f1a\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u5230\u5f88\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u6027\u201d\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff08existential self-understanding\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Moltmann will retain it as he scorns the classic Christian notion of eschatology as the church waiting for the future of the risen Lord in history and yet speaks of the church oriented to the future.\u83ab\u7279\u66fc\u75db\u65a5\u7ecf\u5178\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u672b\u4e16\u8bba\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u5b8c\u5168\u62d2\u7edd\u6559\u4f1a\u5e94\u8be5\u671f\u5f85\u201c\u590d\u6d3b\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u5929\u4f1a\u964d\u4e34\u201d\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u4f1a\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6559\u4f1a\u662f\u672a\u6765\u53d6\u5411\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u6559\u4f1a\u662f\u9762\u5411\u672a\u6765\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u65b9\u9762\u5462\uff1f\u8036\u7a23\u57fa\u7763\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4eb2\u81ea\u7684\u518d\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p>John Robinson\uff08\u7ea6\u7ff0\u7f57\u5bbe\u900a\uff09will retain it\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u540c\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u4fdd\u4f4f\u8fd9\u79cd\u5386\u53f2\u4e0e\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u65ad\u5c42\uff0cas he rejects the idea of heaven as a \u201cplace up there\u201d and yet insists on a new dimension to life as \u2018being in depth\u201d and God as \u201cthe ground of being.\u201d\u4ed6\u62d2\u7edd\u76f8\u4fe1\u5929\u5802\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u90a3\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u53c8\u575a\u6301\u751f\u547d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5c42\u9762\uff08new dimension\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6df1\u5c42\u7684\u5b58\u6709\uff08being in depth\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f\u5b58\u6709\u7684\u6839\u57fa\uff08ground of being\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2aground of 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