{"id":15426,"date":"2026-04-01T16:48:49","date_gmt":"2026-04-01T08:48:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/?p=15426"},"modified":"2026-04-01T16:48:49","modified_gmt":"2026-04-01T08:48:49","slug":"%e8%ae%a4%e8%af%86%e7%8e%b0%e4%bb%a3%e7%a5%9e%e5%ad%a6_23_%e7%ac%ac12%e7%ab%a0%ef%bc%9a%e8%bf%9b%e7%a8%8b%e7%a5%9e%e5%ad%a6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/?p=15426","title":{"rendered":"\u8ba4\u8bc6\u73b0\u4ee3\u795e\u5b66_23_\u7b2c12\u7ae0\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u795e\u5b66"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <style> #h5vp6a3e3ddf98711 .h5vp_video_overlay{ top:10px; left:10px; } .popup_close_btn { display:none }.h5vp_player.popup_close .plyr { display:none }.h5vp_popup_wrapper.popup_close video { display:none }#h5vp6a3e3ddf98711 video { max-width:100% }#h5vp6a3e3ddf98711 { border-radius:0px }#h5vp6a3e3ddf98711 { overflow:hidden }#h5vp6a3e3ddf98711 .h5vp_video_overlay p { color:#fff }#h5vp6a3e3ddf98711 .h5vp_video_overlay p { font-size:20px }#h5vp6a3e3ddf98711 { 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Name&quot;,&quot;disableDownload&quot;:false,&quot;fusionDownload&quot;:true,&quot;color&quot;:&quot;#fff&quot;,&quot;background&quot;:&quot;#333&quot;,&quot;repeat&quot;:false,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;opt-1&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:false,&quot;muted&quot;:false,&quot;disablePause&quot;:false}'>\r\n    <audio  playsinline preload=\"auto\" class=\"player15425\" id=\"player15425\">\r\n      <source src=\"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/video\/\u62a4\u6559\u795e\u5b66\/2019_\u8ba4\u8bc6\u73b0\u4ee3\u795e\u5b66\/\u8ba4\u8bc6\u73b0\u4ee3\u795e\u5b66_23_\u7b2c12\u7ae0\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u795e\u5b66.mp3\" type=\"audio\/mp3\">\r\n        Your browser does not support the audio element.\r\n    <\/audio>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/p>\n<p>23\u3001\u8ba4\u8bc6\u73b0\u4ee3\u795e\u5b66 \u00a0\u300a\u8ba4\u8bc6\u73b0\u4ee3\u795e\u5b66\u300b\u7b2c23\u8bb2\uff0cCHAPTER XII\u7b2c12\u7ae0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u8bb2\uff1a\u6797\u6148\u4fe1\u7267\u5e08_\u6821\u5bf9\uff1a\u5218\u52a0\u7acb\u5f1f\u5144_\u82f1\u6587\uff1aXSS\u59d0\u59b9_\u4e2d\u6587\uff1a\u59e3\u59d0\u59b9<\/p>\n<p>PROCESS THEOLOGY\u8fdb\u7a0b\u795e\u5b66\u6216\u8005\u8fc7\u7a0b\u795e\u5b66\u3002<\/p>\n<p>In the last ten years of Western theology\uff0c\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u57281960\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0cincreasingly one issue has kept reappearing for discussion\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u9898\uff0c\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u754c\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u2014\u2014the doctrine of God\uff0c \u5c31\u662f\u795e\u8bba\uff0cIn recent years\uff0c a deluge of books has appeared on this subject.\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u597d\u50cf\u6d2a\u6c34\u4e00\u6837\u5728\u51fa\u7248\u3002Many factors explain the rise of this issue.\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7684\u9898\u76ee\u7684\u6d6e\u73b0\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u3002 In the philosophical world\uff0c\u5728\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u91cc\uff0cwhat has been called \u201canalytical philosophy\u201d has raised the question whether it is even possible to talk intelligently about God.\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u201c\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b66\u201d\u5b66\u6d3e\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8ba8\u8bba\u795e\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8bba\u5230\u795e\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u5426\u7528\u7406\u6027\u6765\u8ba8\u8bba\u5462\uff1fIt continues to ask if even language about God can be meaningful.\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u95ee\uff0c\u8fde\u8bed\u8a00\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6765\u8bba\u8bf4\u795e\u5462\uff0cAs we have noted in an earlier chapter\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u524d\u9762\u4e00\u7ae0\u6240\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0cthe various strains of secular theology are demanding\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u522b\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u795e\u5b66\u53d1\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u8981\u6c42\uff0cthat we speak about God in a secular way\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u8bf4\u795e\uff0cthat we erase the metaphysical dividing line between the Creator and the creature\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u521b\u9020\u4e3b\u548c\u88ab\u9020\u7269\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\u7684\u5206\u6c34\u7ebf\u9664\u6389\uff0cbetween God and the world.\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u754c\u9650\u4e5f\u8981\u6d88\u9664\u3002The faddistic \u201cGod-is-dead\u201d theology has even asked whether God himself is real or not. \u4e00\u65f6\u6210\u4e3a\u65f6\u5c1a\u7684\uff0c\u201c\u795e\u6b7b\u4e86\u201d\u795e\u5b66\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e4e\u8d28\u95ee\u4e0a\u5e1d\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u771f\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u3002Tillich and his popularizer\uff0c Bishop John Robinson\uff0c point up the problems in connection with thinking of God as \u201cup there\u201d\uff0c\u7530\u7acb\u514b\u548c\u628a\u4ed6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u666e\u53ca\u5316\u7684\u7f57\u5bbe\u900a\u4e3b\u6559\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u5230\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f\u5728\u201c\u4e0a\u9762\u201d\u90a3\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u96be\u9898\uff0cand suggest we think of God as being in the depths of life\uff0c the Ground of our being.\u4ed6\u4eec\u5efa\u8bae\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u770b\u4e3a\u662f\u5728\u751f\u547d\u7684\u6df1\u5904\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5b58\u6709\u7684\u6839\u57fa\uff08Ground of our being\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>In this situation\uff0c one group of theologians has arisen to try to reestablish the doctrine of God in a skeptical world.\u6709\u4e00\u73ed\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\u8fdb\u5165\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u7acb\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6000\u7591\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u795e\u8bba\u3002Largely American in origin\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\uff0cthis new shift\uff0c called \u201cprocess theology\uff0c\u201d seems to have been associated with the University of Chicago\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u6d3e\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff08\u6216\u8005\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff09\u795e\u5b66\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u4e0e\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5927\u5b66\u6709\u5173\uff0cand one of its professors\uff0c Dr. Charles Hartshorne (1897-)\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u4e0eHartshorne\u6559\u6388\uff081897\u5e74\u751f\uff0cHartshorne\u662fH-a-r-t-s-h-o-r-n-e\uff09\uff08\u6709\u5173\uff09\u3002And if there is one central teacher from which the school can be said to draw its major arguments\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u82e5\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b66\u6d3e\u662f\u5426\u4ece\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8001\u5e08\u5438\u53d6\u4ed6\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8bba\u70b9\u7684\u8bdd\uff0cit would be the noted mathematician and philosopher\uff0c \u8fd9\u4f4d\u8001\u5e08\u5c31\u662f\u8457\u540d\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0cAlfred North Whitehead (1861-1947)\u3002Alfred N. Whitehead\uff0c W-h-i-t-e-h-e-a-d (1861-1947)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>As with many other such radical theologies\uff0c process theology also seems to be strongly linked to some particular presuppositions.\u8fdb\u7a0b\u795e\u5b66\u5982\u5176\u4ed6\u6fc0\u8fdb\u6d3e\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u5b66\u6d3e\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u90fd\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u6709\u5173\u3002In this case\uff0c it is Whitehead&#8217;s process philosophy.\u8fdb\u7a0b\u795e\u5b66\u662f\u4e0eWhitehead\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u54f2\u5b66\u6709\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n<p>The ancient philosophers developed their system around the idea that the world was a fixed thing\uff0c that being included becoming.\u53e4\u4ee3\u5e0c\u814a\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u56f4\u7ed5\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u53d1\u5c55\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u7269\u4f53\uff0cbeing\uff08\u5b58\u6709\uff09\u5305\u542b\u4e86becoming\uff08\u751f\u6210\uff09\uff0c\u5b58\u6709\u5305\u542b\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3002Whitehead developed his system around the idea that the world was dynamic\uff0c always changing\uff0c that becoming includes being.Whitehead\u56f4\u7ed5\u7740\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u53d1\u5c55\u4ed6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u5728\u6539\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u751f\u6210\uff08becoming\uff09\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5b58\u6709\uff08being\uff09\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u5305\u542b\u5b58\u6709\u3002Even God\uff0c according to Whitehead\uff0c is subject to becoming.\u6839\u636eWhitehead\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fde\u795e\u90fd\u670d\u5728\u751f\u6210\uff08becoming\uff09\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002Religion\uff0c for him\uff0c \u201cis the vision of something which stands beyond\uff0c behind and within\uff0c the passing flux of immediate things;\u5bf9\u4ed6\u6765\u8bf4\u5b97\u6559\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7684\u770b\u89c1\uff0c\u4ed6\u770b\u5230\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u53d8\u52a8\u7684\u80cc\u540e\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u8d85\u8d8a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u52a8\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u52a8\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u6709\u7740\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\uff1bsomething which is real and yet waiting to be realized;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u662f\u771f\u7684\u5374\u7b49\u5f85\u7740\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1bsomething which is a remote possibility\uff0c and yet the greatest of present facts;\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9065\u8fdc\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u53c8\u662f\u6700\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff1bsomething whose possession is the final good and yet is beyond all reach.\u62e5\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u662f\u81f3\u5584\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u662f\u4eba\u6240\u6293\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Hartshorne developed Whitehead&#8217;s ideas even further.Hartshorne\u5c31\u66f4\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u53d1\u6325Whitehead\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002Whitehead had said that becoming was one of the attributes of God\uff0c along with being\uff0c infinity\uff0c and eternity. Whitehead\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bf4\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u5c31\u662f\u751f\u6210\uff08becoming\uff09\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5b58\u6709\uff08being\uff09\uff0c\u65e0\u9650\uff08infinity\uff09\uff0c\u548c\u6c38\u6052\u6027\uff08eternity\uff09\u5e76\u5217\u7684\u3002 Hartshorne said\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0cHartshorne\u8bf4\uff0cthat God is also finite and temporal.\u4ed6\u8bf4\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u65f6\u95f4\u6027\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672a\u7ecf\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u8bf7\u52ff\u64c5\u81ea\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u7f51\u7ad9\u6216\u5e73\u53f0\u8f6c\u8f7d\u548c\u520a\u767b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\uff1b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\u7684\u7248\u6743\u5f52\u300c\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u300d\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u590d\u5370\u51fa\u7248\u7b49\u5546\u4e1a\u7528\u9014\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u534e\u7f51\u7edc\u5723\u7ea6\u5b66\u9662ccnci.org\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u5723\u7ea6\u5b66\u9662HorizonCovenant@gmail.com\uff08PayPal\uff09<\/p>\n<p>Tillich\uff0cas we shall see\uff0c regards God as being itself.\u4e0b\u6587\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u7530\u7acb\u514b\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f\u5b58\u6709\u672c\u8eab\u3002Hartshorne said that God is process itself. Hartshorne\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5c31\u662f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u672c\u8eab\u3002The ultimate category is becoming\uff0c not being.\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u8303\u7574\u6216\u8005\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u751f\u6210\uff08becoming\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b58\u6709\uff08being\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Process theology took these developments of Hartshorne and began to apply them more specifically in the theological world.\u8fdb\u7a0b\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9bHartshorne\u6240\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u91cc\u9762\u6765\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002Associated with such English-speaking radical theologians as Norman Pittenger\uff0c Daniel Day Williams\uff0c Schubert Ogden\uff0c and John Cobb\uff0c Jr.\uff0c the group \u201cis convinced that\uff0c to answer the God-is-dead Theology\uff0c we must demonstrate the objective reality of God by a rational metaphysics. Whitehead seems to them a good beginning.\u201d\u5728\u82f1\u8bed\u4e16\u754c\u91cc\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982Norman Pittenger\uff0c P-i-t-t-e-n-g-e-r\uff0cDaniel Day Williams\uff08\u5a01\u5ec9\u59c6\u65af\uff09\uff0cSchubert Ogden\uff0c O-g-d-e-n\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709John Cobb\uff0c Jr.\uff0c C-o-b-b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6301\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u201c\u5c31\u662f\u82e5\u8981\u5bf9\u795e\u6b7b\u4e86\u795e\u5b66\u505a\u51fa\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u900f\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u6027\u7684\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\u8bc1\u660e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5ba2\u89c2\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\u201d\u3002\u90a3Whitehead\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\u3002There are even those who wonder if Teilhard de Chardin does not belong within this circle.\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u751a\u81f3\u6000\u7591\u5fb7\u65e5\u8fdb\u662f\u5426\u4e5f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5708\u5b50\u3002He certainly shared many similar emphases with them.\u5fb7\u65e5\u8fdb\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6fc0\u8fdb\u6d3e\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5171\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Though we can be grateful that this new emphasis is seeking to re-assert the metaphysical reality of God in the twentieth century world\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u611f\u6069\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bd5\u56fe\u518d\u6b21\u7684\u8bbe\u7acb\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u8bd5\u56fe\u53bb\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5728\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\uff0cwe cannot forget\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u591f\u5fd8\u8bb0\uff0cthat they are seeking to do it by appealing to experience and logical coherence rather than to miraculous\uff0c divine disclosure as the sources of truth about God.\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u624d\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u771f\u7406\u7684\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u795e\u8ff9\u6027\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u542f\u793a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u5b50\u6765\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\u7684\u3002And it is precisely because of their stand against special revelation\uff0c\u90a3\u6070\u6070\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u654c\u5bf9\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u542f\u793a\uff0cthat their results finally must be judged as concessive reactions\uff0c rather than biblical affirmations. \u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u4eec\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u8ba9\u6b65\u548c\u53cd\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u5723\u7ecf\u7684\u771f\u7406\u7684\u8fd9\u4e48\u7684\u80af\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u6709\u516d\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>NO.1\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u70b9\u7684\u6279\u5224\u3002Like Teilhard\uff0c process theologians use a starting point which necessarily must be their finish\u2014the self-destructive synthesis of modern man&#8217;s presuppositions-nature in its autonomy and independence\uff0c and man&#8217;s freedom to subject that world to his own categories.\u8fdb\u7a0b\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\u6240\u7528\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u548c\u5fb7\u65e5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u5fc5\u7136\u4e5f\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7ec8\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u4eba\u7684\u5927\u524d\u63d0\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u6bc1\u706d\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8d77\u70b9\u548c\u7ec8\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u754c\uff0c\u548c\u4eba\u7528\u4ed6\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u53bb\u628a\u4e16\u754c\u4f0f\u5728\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8303\u7574\uff0c\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7ec8\u70b9\u3002In this case\uff0c those human categories are theological.\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u7684\u8303\u7574\u6216\u8005\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u8303\u7574\u6216\u8005\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>But they are molded by a Kantian prejudice against metaphysics\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u53d7\u5230\u5eb7\u5fb7\u6240\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\uff0c\u5eb7\u5fb7\u6709\u7740\u4e00\u79cd\u654c\u5bf9\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\u7684\u504f\u89c1\uff0cthat reduces even theological categories to categories manageable by autonomous man\uff0c and not divine givens.\u5eb7\u5fb7\u7684\u504f\u89c1\u5c31\u628a\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6216\u8005\u8303\u7574\u90fd\u7ea6\u5316\u4e3a\u4eba\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u3001\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u64cd\u7eb5\u7684\u8303\u7574\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6240\u8d50\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002In this spirit\uff0c process theologians reject the biblical idea of God as being over and above the universe.\u8fdb\u7a0b\u795e\u5b66\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u79cd\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u5c31\u62d2\u7edd\u76f8\u4fe1\u5723\u7ecf\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f\u5728\u5b87\u5b99\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e0a\u5e1d\u3002Instead\uff0c to them\uff0c all things occur \u201cwithin God.\u201d\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e07\u7269\u90fd\u5728\u201c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u91cc\u9762\u201d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u3002As one writer has put it\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u4e00\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\u6240\u8bf4\uff0c\u201cGod is not so\u00a0 much a being as the dynamic behind evolution\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u6709\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u5728\u8fdb\u5316\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u529b\uff0cemerging all the time in everything in history and nature.\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u5728\u4e07\u7269\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u6d6e\u73b0\u3002\u201dFrom this basic concept of emerging comes the very name for their emphasis\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6574\u4e2a\u7684\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5c31\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65e0\u9650\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u2014\u2014\u201cprocess\u201d theology.\u201c\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08\u6216\u8005\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff09\u201d\u795e\u5b66\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Perhaps for this very reason\uff0c we have not yet seen much interest in process theology in the \u201cthird world\uff0c\u201d \u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u770b\u5230\u201c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16\u754c\u201d\u5bf9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u795e\u5b66\u6709\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u5174\u8da3\uff0cScience\u2014 and its omnipresence\uff0c its omnipotence\u2014has not yet reached the shaping influence it plays in Western culture and in Japan.\u79d1\u5b66\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16\u754c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u597d\u50cf\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u8ddf\u65e5\u672c\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u65e0\u6240\u4e0d\u5728\u548c\u65e0\u6240\u4e0d\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u638c\u63e1\u5f71\u54cd\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6587\u5316\u3002The time has not yet fully come for theology\u2019s radical need \u201cto come to terms\u201d with science as in the West.\u65f6\u95f4\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5230\uff0c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5230\u795e\u5b66\u8981\u5f7b\u5e95\u7684\u6765\u201c\u6b63\u89c6\u79d1\u5b66\u201d\uff0c\u597d\u50cf\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u548c\u897f\u65b9\u795e\u5b66\u4e00\u6837\u3002The pressure has not yet built enough to create a new third world synthesis theology along the lines of the process theology.\u8fd9\u79cd\u7684\u538b\u529b\u8fd8\u4e0d\u591f\u91cd\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u9020\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u597d\u50cf\u8fdb\u7a0b\u795e\u5b66\u8fd9\u6837\u5b50\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16\u754c\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u3002<\/p>\n<p>NO.2\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u70b9\u3002 Like Teilhard\uff0c process theologians compromise the sovereignty of God.\u8fdb\u7a0b\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u5982\u5fb7\u65e5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u59a5\u534f\u4e86\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u3002God\uff0c says Whitehead\uff0c is \u201cco-creator of the universe.\u201d Whitehead\u8bf4\uff1a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f\u201c\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u5171\u540c\u521b\u9020\u8005\u3002\u201dGod&#8217;s creation is said to be a continuing evolutionary process\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u521b\u9020\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u65ad\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0ca co-existence of order and freedom\uff0c\u662f\u79e9\u5e8f\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u5b58\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0cin which man takes part in determining the future.\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5171\u5b58\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u6709\u4efd\u51b3\u5b9a\u672a\u6765\u7684\u3002For this reason\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f18\u6545\uff0cWilliams\u2019 systematic exposition of process theology contains no section on eschatology. Williams\u7684\u5bf9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8be0\u91ca\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u6bb5\u662f\u8bba\u5230\u672b\u4e16\u8bba\u7684\u3002How can it? \u600e\u4e48\u53ef\u80fd\u5462\uff1fThere is no sovereign God\uff0c ordering\uff0c molding history and men\uff0c at the center of his system.\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u638c\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u638c\u7ba1\u3001\u5851\u9020\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>NO.3\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6279\u5224\u3002 Like Tillich\uff0c process theology tends to dissipate the idea of God as a personal being.\u8fc7\u7a0b\u795e\u5b66\u4e0e\u7530\u7acb\u514b\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u4f4d\u683c\u7684\u5b58\u6709\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u88ab\u6d88\u6563\u7684\u3002God is reduced to a principal aspect of the whole of things.\u4e0a\u5e1d\u88ab\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u88ab\u7ea6\u5316\u4e3a\u4e07\u7269\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5c42\u9762\u3002Though God is conceded to be \u201can actual entity\uff0c\u201d\u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u4eec\u627f\u8ba4\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f\u201c\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u4f53\uff08entity\uff09\uff0c\u201dand Hartshorne is even willing to define God as \u201cliving person\uff0c\u201d\u800cHartshorne\u751a\u81f3\u4e4e\u613f\u610f\u627f\u8ba4\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u6d3b\u7684\u4f4d\u683c\uff0c\u201dhe immediately tells us\uff0c\u4ed6\u9a6c\u4e0a\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\uff0cthat \u201cwe doubt if anyone can really mean by a \u2018person\u2019 more than what Whitehead means by a \u2018personally ordered sequence of experiences within certain defining characteristics.\u2019\u201d\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u6000\u7591\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u771f\u7684\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u2018\u4f4d\u683c\u2019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u597d\u50cfWhitehead\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\u7684\uff0c\u2018\u4f4d\u683c\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u6709\u7740\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e3a\u4ed6\u505a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u662f\u4f4d\u683c\u6027\u7684\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7684\uff0c\u6765\u7f16\u6392\u8fc7\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff08sequence of experiences\uff0c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff09\u3002\u2019\u201dThe personal God of the Bible reveals himself\uff0c speaks and acts for himself\uff0c declares His purposes intelligently.\u5723\u7ecf\u4e2d\u7684\u6709\u4f4d\u683c\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u542f\u793a\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e3a\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u8bf4\u8bdd\uff0c\u548c\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u884c\u5927\u4e8b\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5ba3\u544a\u4ed6\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u3002The God of process theology\uff0c\u800c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff0cis \u201ca personally ordered sequence of experiences\uff0c&#8230;\u201d\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u4f4d\u683c\u7684\u3001\u5b89\u6392\u8fc7\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u201da mental concept postulated on the basis of analogies from human experience.\u662f\u4ece\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6839\u57fa\u4e0a\u6240\u5047\u5b9a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u800c\u5df2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u4e0b\u4e00\u8bb2\u8fd8\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u8bb2\u5bf9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u6279\u5224\u7684\u7b2c\u56db\u3001\u7b2c\u4e94\u548c\u7b2c\u516d\u70b9\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165\u5230\u7b2c13\u7ae0\u7684THEOLOGY OF BEING \uff0c\u5b58\u6709\u7684\u795e\u5b66\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7530\u7acb\u514b\uff08Paul Tillich\uff09\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u63d0\u793a\uff1a\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\u6587\u5b57\u53ea\u9650\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u6559\u4f1a\u79c1\u4e0b\u5b66\u4e60\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u9020\u5c31\u6559\u4f1a\u548c\u6559\u4f1a\u8d1f\u8d23\u5e26\u9886\u3001\u8bb2\u9053\u7684\u540c\u5de5\u4eec\uff1b\u672a\u7ecf\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u8bf7\u52ff\u64c5\u81ea\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u7f51\u7ad9\u6216\u5e73\u53f0\u8f6c\u8f7d\u548c\u520a\u767b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\uff1b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\u548c\u56fe\u7247\u7684\u7248\u6743\u5f52\u300c\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u300d\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u590d\u5370\u51fa\u7248\u7b49\u5546\u4e1a\u7528\u9014\u3002\u5f53\u6587\u5b57\u548c\u5f55\u97f3\u4e0d\u7b26\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f55\u97f3\u4e3a\u51c6\u3002\u613f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8d50\u798f\u6587\u5b57\u7f16\u8f91\u548c\u6821\u5bf9\u7684\u80a2\u4f53\u6765\u96c5\u6b63\uff01\u82e5\u662f\u6709\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3001\u5949\u732e\u652f\u6301\u6216\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u4f55\u95ee\u9898\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u90ae\u4ef6\u65b9\u5f0f\u8054\u7cfb\u6211\u4eec\u3002\u4e2d\u534e\u7f51\u7edc\u5723\u7ea6\u5b66\u9662ccnci.org\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u5723\u7ea6\u5b66\u9662 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