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\n\u6216\u662f\u8bd1\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u8bd1\u9519\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u89e3\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u89e3\u9519\u3002\u300d\u738b\u660e\u9053\uff0c\u300a\u91cd\u751f\u771f\u4e49\u300b\uff0c\u987558-59
\n\u300c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e0a\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u662f\uff1a\u51e1\u662f\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u90fd\u6301\u5b88\uff1b
\n\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u6240\u6ca1\u6709\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b8c\u5168\u62d2\u7edd\u3002\u300d
\n\u738b\u660e\u9053\uff0c\u3008\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u738b\u660e\u9053\u6587\u5e93\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e03\u518c\uff0c\u9875320
\n\u300c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8c2c\u4e4b\u771f\u7406\u53ca\u4ece\u795e\u800c\u6765\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u8ba4\u4fe1\u53ca\u628a\u63e1\uff0c
\n\u4e43\u6765\u81ea\u5723\u7075\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u89c1\u8bc1\uff0c\u5723\u7075\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5fc3\u4e2d\u4e0e\u795e\u7684\u8bdd\u3001\u900f\u8fc7\u795e\u7684\u8bdd\u4f5c\u6d3b\u8bc1\u3002\u300d
\n\u300a\u5a01\u65af\u654f\u65af\u7279\u4fe1\u4ef0\u544a\u767d\u300b (Westminster Confession of Faith)\uff0c1\uff1a5\uff08\u7b14\u8005\u8bd1\uff09
\nI\u3000 \u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u5f53\u4eca\u4e4b\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff1a\u81f4\u5f02\u8bae\u8005<\/strong>
\n<\/strong>\u3000\u3000\u5728\u5eff\u4e00\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u91cd\u63d0\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u8fd9\u4e00\u4f3c\u4e4e\u300c\u8fc7\u65f6\u300d\u7684\u6559\u4e49\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u6709\u70b9\u300c\u5f00\u5012\u8f66\u300d\u7684\u611f\u89c9\uff1f\u300c\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u8fd9\u8bcd\uff0c\u53c8\u7ed9\u4eba\u4e00\u79cd \u300c\u76f8\u91cd\u8d1f\u9762\u300d(double negative)\u7684\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u5728\u795e\u5b66\u4e0a\u7ad9\u5f97\u4f4f\u811a\u5417\uff1f\u5f3a\u8c03\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u7684\u4fe1\u5f92\u3001\u6559\u7267\u3001\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u90fd\u662f\u76f2\u76ee\u5730\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u771f\u4e49\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u6587\u4f53(genre)\uff0c\u90fd\u5fc5\u9700\u7528\u76f4\u63a5\u5b57\u610f(literal meaning)\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53bb\u89e3\u91ca\uff1f\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u662f\u5426\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u8236\u6765\u54c1\uff0c\u5e26\u6709\u5e0c\u814a\u3001\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5305\u88b1\uff0c\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u65b0\u6559\u7ecf\u9662\u4e3b\u4e49(Protestant Scholasticism)\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u6709\u788d\u4e9a\u6d32\u3001\u534e\u4eba\u672c\u8272\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff1f
\n\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u90fd\u503c\u5f97\u6df1\u601d\u719f\u8651\uff0c\u4e0d\u5bb9\u5ffd\u89c6\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5728\u5eff\u4e00\u4e16\u7eaa\u91cd\u63d0 \u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\uff1f\u6709\u51e0\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8003\u8651\uff1a
\n1.\u3000 \u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u89c2\u4e0e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u89c2\u5fc5\u9700\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u5fc5\u7136\u548c\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u89c2\u4e0e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u89c2\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u3002
\n\u5386\u4ee3\u6b63\u7edf\u6559\u4f1a\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u7942\u662f\u6c38\u6052\u3001\u65e0\u9650\u3001\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u795e\uff1b\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u542f\u793a\uff0c\u5fc5\u65e0\u4efb\u4f55\u7455\u75b5\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u3001\u6df7\u6742\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u4e1c\u3001\u897f\u65b9\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5747\u6709\u628a\u795e\u76f8\u5bf9\u5316\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u81f3\u5c11\uff0c\u628a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u542f\u793a\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u6709\u9519\u7684\u3002\u5f3a\u8c03\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u771f\u5b9e\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u3001\u65e0\u8c2c(infallible)\u3001\u65e0\u8bef(inerrant)\uff0c\u4e43\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u771f\u5b9e(true)\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u6216\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002
\n\u7edd\u5bf9\u771f\u5b9e\u3001\u65e0\u8bef\u3001\u5723\u6d01\u3001\u4fe1\u5b9e\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u5730\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\u542f\u793a\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u8ba9\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7942\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u6b63\u7edf\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u542f\u793a\u89c2\uff0c\u662f\u6784\u6210\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u8fd1\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u795e\u5b66\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5426\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\ufe54\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u5404\u6837\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u89c2\uff0c\u771f\u7406\u89c2\uff0c\u77e5\u8bc6\u89c2\u4e0a\u3002
\n\u5426\u8ba4\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u4eba\u5bf9\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u5316\u3002
\n1.\u3000\u3000\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u542f\u793a\uff0c\u51fa\u4e8e\u7942\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u53ca\u6c38\u6052\u8ba1\u5212(eternal decree)\u3002
\n\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0a\u5e1d\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u81ea\u4e3b\u5730\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u8bed\u8a00\uff08\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u5a92\u4ecb\uff0c\u5982\u68a6\u3001\u5f02\u8c61\u3001\u5929\u4f7f\u3001\u795e\u8ff9\u7b49\uff09\u4e3a\u7942\u542f\u793a\u7684\u5a92\u4ecb\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u6559\u4f1a\u5fc5\u9700\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5728\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u9ed8\u793a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6240\u9009\u7528\u7684\u8bed\u8a00(language)\u53ca\u6587\u5b57(words)\uff0c\u65e2\u7531\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4eb2\u81ea\u9009\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u4f5c\u54c1\u5fc5\u7136\u7edd\u5bf9\u771f\u5b9e\u53ef\u9760\u3001\u65e0\u8c2c\u65e0\u8bef\u3002(\u771f\u5b9e\u65e0\u8bef\u662f\u6307\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u539f\u672c\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6307\u6284\u672c\u3002)\u81ea\u4ece\u8bed\u8a00\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b66\u6210\u4e3a\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e3b\u6d41\u5b66\u6d3e\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5f53\u4ee3\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\u9042\u5f3a\u8c03\u8bed\u8a00\u4e4b\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u6027\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u4ee4\u601d\u7ef4\u3001\u4f20\u64ad\u3001\u6c9f\u901a\u90fd\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u6839\u57fa\u3002\u6b64\u4e43\u6709\u635f\u6587\u5316\u4e4b\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6781\u5176\u4e25\u91cd\u56e0\u7d20\u3002
\n\u5982\u4f55\u91cd\u8bbe\u300c\u8bed\u8a00\u5728\u542f\u793a\u4e2d\u4e4b\u8db3\u591f\u6027\u300d(adequacy of language in revelation)\uff0c\u4e43\u5f53\u4eca\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u7684\u6025\u52a1\u3002
\n3.\u3000 \u6709\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u65e2\u7136\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5b9a\u610f\u8981\u5411\u4eba\u7c7b\u542f\u793a\uff0c\u8d50\u4eba\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u7942\u80af\u5b9a\u6709\u529e\u6cd5\u7528\u6709\u9650\u7684\u300c\u8f7d\u4f53\u300d\u6765\u5411\u4eba\u542f\u793a\u3002
\n\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u7528\u5148\u77e5\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f92\uff0c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b(\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6709\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u6284\u672c)\uff0c\u7267\u5e08\u548c\u4e2a\u522b\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u6709\u7f6a\u6027\u7684\u3002\u4e0a\u5e1d\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4ed6\u4eec\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5728 \u300c\u8f7d\u4f53\u300d\u65b9\u9762\u5927\u4f5c\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u65e0\u8bef\u3002\u8f7d\u4f53\u662f\u80af\u5b9a\u6709\u8bef\u7684\ufe54\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u7cbe\u4e49\uff0c\u662f\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u662f\u6539\u53d8\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5927\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u6709\u51e0\u65b9\u9762\u9700\u8981\u5546\u8ba8\u3002\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u786e\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u7528\u4e86\u6709\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u88ab\u9020\u7684\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u7f6a\u4eba\uff0c\u6765\u4f5c\u4ed6\u542f\u793a\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u662f\u5426\u9ed8\u793a\uff0c\u65e0\u8bef\uff0c\u5728\u4e4e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5728\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u91cc\u7684\u5ba3\u79f0\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\uff0c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8f7d\u4f53\uff0c\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6240\u7279\u522b\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u7942\u8d85\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u9ed8\u793a\u5199\u6210\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u539f\u672c\u662f\u65e0\u8bef\u65e0\u8c2c\u7684\u3002\u4e0a\u5e1d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6709\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7942\u7684\u786e \u4f7f\u6709\u9650\u7684\u8a00\u8bed\u6210\u4e3a\u7942\u8d85\u81ea\u7136 (\u65e0\u8bef) \u7684\u542f\u793a\u7684\u5a92\u4f53\u3002\u5148\u77e5\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f92\u4e0d\u662f\u65e0\u7f6a\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u9ed8\u793a\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5199\u4e0b\u7684\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u3002\u4e0a\u5e1d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u786e\u8fd9\u6837\u4f5c\u4e86\u3002
\n\u6211\u4eec\u6839\u636e\u4ec0\u4e48\u628a\u8f7d\u4f53\u548c\u771f\u4e49\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0e\u8a00\u8bed\u5206\u5f00\ufe56\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5ba3\u79f0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b83\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0e\u300c\u8f7d\u4f53\u300d\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f6e\u4e4b\u4e0d\u7406\u7684\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ece\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u6539\u53d8\u751f\u547d\u7684\u679c\u6548\u5012\u8fc7\u6765\u8bba\u8bc1\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u65e0\u8bef\uff0c\u548c\u662f\u5426\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6240\u9ed8\u793a\u7684\u3002\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u65e0\u8bef\u4e0d\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u5b83\u5bf9\u4eba\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002
\n4.\u3000 \u4eca\u5929\u534e\u4eba\u795e\u5b66\u53ca\u795e\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u754c\u9762\u4e34\u91cd\u5927\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u82e5\u4e0d\u91cd\u65b0\u5728\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u8bba(doctrine of Scripture)\u5efa\u7acb\u7a33\u56fa\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff08\u795e\u5b66\uff09\u6839\u57fa\uff0c\u5341\u5e74\u3001\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u6559\u4f1a\u3001\u795e\u5b66\u9662\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d8\u4e3a\u660e\u5929\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u6559\u4f1a\u3001\u795e\u5b66\u9662\uff1b\u524d\u8f66\u53ef\u9274\uff0c\u6709\u8033\u53ef\u542c\u7684\u5c31\u5e94\u5f53\u542c\u30021
\n\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8ba4\u4fe1\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u4e0d\u662f\u300c\u8fc7\u65f6\u300d\u7684\u6559\u4e49\uff0c\u800c\u6b63\u662f\u8fce\u5408\u5f53\u4eca\u6559\u4f1a\u9762\u5bf9\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u662f\u6559\u4f1a\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u7533\u7684\u771f\u7406\u3002\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u9ed8\u793a\u53ca\u65e0\u8bef\u662f\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5ba3\u79f0\uff0c\u662f\u5386\u4ee3\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5eff\u4e00\u4e16\u7eaa\u6781\u9700\u542c\u5230\u7684\u8baf\u606f\u3002\u867d\u7136\u300c\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u542c\u4e0a\u6765\u597d\u4f3c\u662f\u300c\u76f8\u5f53\u8d1f\u9762\u300d\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5386\u4ee3\u5723\u5f92\u8be0\u91ca\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u5173\u4e8e\u795e\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u65f6\uff0c\u90fd\u5e38\u5faa\u7740\u300c\u8d1f\u9762\u300d\u7684\u8fdb\u8def(via negativa)\u3002\u5982\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f\u65e0\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u7942\u7684\u667a\u6167\u662f\u65e0\u7a77\u5c3d\u7684\uff0c\u7942\u7684\u8363\u8000\u662f\u7a7a\u524d\u7edd\u540e\u7684\uff0c\u7942\u7684\u7231\u662f\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u4e0e\u7942\u7684\u7231\u9694\u7edd\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u7ffb\u9605\u300a\u7ea6\u4f2f\u8bb0\u300b\u3001\u300a\u8bd7\u7bc7\u300b\u3001\u300a\u4ee5\u8d5b\u4e9a\u4e66\u300b\u7b2c40-66\u7ae0\uff0c\u4e0d\u96be\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4ece\u8d1f\u9762\u6765\u5f62\u5bb9\u4e0a\u5e1d\u3002\u4e0a\u5e1d\u300c\u4e0d\u662f\u300d\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e43\u662f\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3002
\n\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u5e76\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u89e3\u7ecf\u65f6\u4e0d\u987e\u8be5\u6bb5\u7ecf\u6587\u4e4b\u6587\u4f53\uff0c\u800c\u786c\u65bd\u300c\u5b57\u9762\u610f\u4e49\u300d\u89e3\u91ca\u6cd5(literal\u3000interpretation)\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5728\u627f\u8ba4\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u7684\u5708\u5b50\u91cc\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u8bba\u300d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u6279\u8bc4\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u4e3a\u300c\u7ecf\u9662\u4e3b\u4e49\u300d\u7684\u5305\u88b1\u8005\uff0c\u4e5f\u6b63\u9700\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u786e\u5305\u62ec\u771f\u7406\u6027\u7684\u3001\u6559\u5bfc\u6027(didactic)\u7684\u6587\u4f53\uff0c\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6211\u4eec\u5f03\u4e4b\u4e0d\u7406\u3002\u4e0d\u9519\uff0c\u4e1c\u65b9\u54f2\u5b66\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bd7\u8bcd\u3001\u5bd3\u8a00\u7b49\u6bd4\u8f83\u654f\u611f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e1c\u65b9\u601d\u60f3\u4e5f\u4e0d\u65e0\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u3001\u8ba4\u77e5\u6027\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff08\u6731\u71b9\u662f\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\uff09\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u9700\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u7075\u3001\u601d\u7ef4\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u7406\u6027\u53ca\u611f\u6027\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u9ed8\u793a\u7ed9\u4eba\u7684\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6240\u9ed8\u793a\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u6bd4\u8f83\u76f4\u63a5\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7406\u6027\u8bf4\u8bdd\uff08\u5982\u300a\u7f57\u9a6c\u4e66\u300b\u3001\u300a\u4ee5\u5f17\u6240\u4e66\u300b\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u5219\u6bd4\u8f83\u611f\u6027\uff08\u5982\u8bd7\u6b4c\u4e66\u3001\u8036\u7a23\u8bb2\u7684\u6bd4\u55bb\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u4e0d\u80fd\u5bf9\u7acb\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u6210\u719f\u7684\u534e\u4eba\u795e\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u8981\u517c\u987e\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8981\u627f\u5148\u542f\u540e\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u611f\u60c5\u7528\u4e8b\uff0c\u968f\u610f\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u4ee5\u504f\u76d6\u5168\u3002
\n\u3000II\u3000 \u5f53\u4eca\u5723\u7ecf\u89c2\u5de1\u793c<\/strong>
\n<\/strong>\u3000\u3000\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u6e05\u4eca\u5929\u4e0d\u540c\u795e\u5b66\u6d3e\u522b\u5bf9\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u6240\u62b1\u4e4b\u6001\u5ea6\uff1a
\n1.\u5b57\u610f\u91ca\u7ecf\u4e4b\u57fa\u8981\u6d3e\u3002
\n\u4ed6\u4eec\u7b03\u4fe1\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\uff0c\u5e76\u76f8\u4fe1\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u662f\u9010\u5b57\u9ed8\u793a\u7684(verbal inspiration)\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5168\u90e8\u9ed8\u793a\u7684(plenary inspiration)\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u8bba\u672c\u8eab\u4e0b\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u8be0\u91ca\u5de5\u592b\u3001\u53d1\u5c55\u5176\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5341\u5206\u8ba4\u540c\u548c\u6b23\u8d4f\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5ba3\u544a\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u4eba\u58eb\u6240\u62d2\u7edd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a
\n\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u82f1\u6587\u94a6\u5b9a\u672c(King James Version, 1611)\u4e43\u5723\u7075\u6240\u9ed8\u793a\u7684\uff1b
\n\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u90fd\u5e94\u7528\u5b57\u610f\u89e3\u7ecf\u6cd5(literal interpretation)\u53bb\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u6587\u4f53\u6216\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e3a\u4f55\u3002
\n\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u58eb\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u6240\u6709\u8ba4\u4fe1\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u8005\u3002
\n2.\u3000\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4e4b\u4f20\u7edf\u6559\u5bfc\u3002
\n\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4e5f\u6559\u5bfc\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e4b\u65e0\u8c2c\u65e0\u8bef\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5ba3\u79f0\u6559\u4f1a\uff08\u5927\u516c\u4f1a\u8bae\uff09\u53ca\u6559\u7687\u4e4b\u5b98\u65b9\u6559\u5bfc\u4e5f\u5177\u65e0\u8bef\u6027\u53ca\u7edd\u5bf9\u6743\u5a01\uff0c\u6b64\u6743\u5a01\u79f0\u4e3a\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u6559\u5bfc\u6743\u5a01\uff08the magisterium of the church\uff09\u3002\u5df4\u523b(J. I. Packer)\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u63d0\u9192\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u300c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u53ca\u4e1c\u6b63\u6559\u5728\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u8bef\u89e3\u4e86\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u300d\uff08\u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u795e\u5b66\u8f9e\u5178\u300b\u4e2d\u5df4\u523b\u64b0\u5199\u4e4b\u3008\u5723\u7ecf\u65e0\u8bef\u3009\u4e00\u6587\uff0c\u9875597\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u63d0\u9192\u5f97\u4e0d\u9519\uff0c\u56e0\u8fd9\u300c\u8bef\u89e3\u300d\u4e43\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u300c\u6743\u5a01\u89c2\u300d\u4e0a\uff0c\u5373\uff1a\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e0e\u6559\u4f1a\u6709\u540c\u7b49\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u7ba1\u8f96\u4fe1\u5f92\u4e4b\u826f\u5fc3\uff08power to bind the conscience\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u524d\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u4eba\u58eb\u5df2\u4e0e\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4eba\u58eb\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u4ef0\u6839\u57fa\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5408\u4f5c\u53ea\u53ef\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u9053\u5fb7\uff0c\u4f5c\u5148\u77e5\u79c9\u884c\u516c\u4e49\u65b9\u9762\uff08\u5982\u53cd\u5bf9\u5815\u80ce\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u5728\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u8bb2\u575b\u3001\u5723\u793c\u4e0a\u76f8\u4ea4\u3002Promise Keepers\uff08\u5b88\u7ea6\u8005\u8fd0\u52a8\uff09\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e3e\u529e\u7684\u5927\u578b\u805a\u4f1a\uff0c\u66fe\u9080\u8bf7\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u4e3b\u6559\u7ad9\u8bb2\u53f0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u52a8\u5411\u662f\u6b63\u7edf\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u9700\u7559\u610f\u8b66\u60d5\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u59a5\u534f\u3002
\n2.\u3000\u3000\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e(Liberalism)\u53ca\u65b0\u6b63\u7edf\u6d3e(Neo-Orthodoxy)\u3002
\n\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e4b\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\uff0c\u8ddf\u7740\u5eb7\u5fb7(Immanuel Kant)\uff0c\u58eb\u83b1\u9a6c\u8d6b(Friedrich Schleiermacher)\u7b49\u601d\u60f3\u8d70\uff0c\u8bba\u5230\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e4b\u771f\u4e49\u65f6\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53ea\u662f\u4eba\u672c\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u795e\u672c\uff0c\u662f\u4eba\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u7ecf\u5386\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u542f\u793a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u662f\u4e3b\u89c2\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5ba2\u89c2\u7684\u3002\u58eb\u83b1\u9a6c\u8d6b\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u5b66\u8005\u53ca\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e0d\u4fe1\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u6240\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e4b\u8d85\u81ea\u7136\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u8036\u7a23\u57fa\u7763\u7531\u7ae5\u8d1e\u5973\u9a6c\u5229\u4e9a\u6240\u751f\uff1b\u4ed6\u4ece\u6b7b\u91cc\u590d\u6d3b\uff1b\u4e9a\u5f53\u4e43\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4eb2\u81ea\u521b\u9020\u7684\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u5eb7\u5fb7\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u627f\u8ba4\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5728\u5b87\u5b99\u4e2d\u300c\u5177\u4f53\u300d\u5730\u542f\u793a\uff1a\u300c\u5177\u4f53\u300d\u4e43\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u542f\u793a\u662f\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u7b49\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u3002\uff08\u8fd9\u662f\u8303\u6cf0\u5c14Cornelius Van Til\u5728\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u8bba\u4e0a\u7279\u522b\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u3002\uff092
\n\u5f88\u4e0d\u5e78\u5730\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u534e\u4eba\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e86\u89e3\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u5411\u6587\u5316\u8bf4\u8bdd\uff08\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u58eb\u83b1\u9a6c\u8d6b\u4e4b\u539f\u610f\u53ca\u52a8\u673a\uff09\uff0c\u5341\u5206\u6b23\u8d4f\u3001\u63a8\u5d07\u58eb\u83b1\u9a6c\u8d6b\uff0c\u6216\u4e0d\u81ea\u89c9\u5730\u5728\u601d\u60f3\u4e0a\u6210\u4e3a\u58eb\u83b1\u9a6c\u8d6b\u6d3e\u4eba\u58eb\u3002\u67e5\u58eb\u83b1\u9a6c\u8d6b\u4e4b\u5b87\u5b99\u89c2\u4e43\u6cdb\u795e\u8bba \u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e0e\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u7b49\u540c\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b97\u6559\u4e4b\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u4e43\u4eba\u6df1\u6df1\u5730\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7edd\u5bf9\u501a\u9760\u5b87\u5b99\u4e2d\u90a3\u65e0\u9650\u7684\uff08consciousness of man\u2019s absolute dependence on the infinite in the universe)\uff0c\u8fd9\u300c\u65e0\u9650\u7684\u300d\u53ef\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u79f0\u81ea\u7136\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u65e0\u5f02\u3002
\n\u65b0\u6b63\u7edf\u795e\u5b66\uff0c\u4ee5\u5df4\u7279 (Karl Barth)\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u53d7\u7941\u514b\u679c(Soren Kierkegaard)\u4e4b\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u4eba\u5b97\u6559\u7ecf\u5386\u4e4b\u4e3b\u89c2\u6027(subjectivity)\u3002\u5e76\u7f8e\u5176\u540d\uff0c\u79f0\u4f5c\u300c\u4e3b\u4f53\u6027\u300d\u3002\u5df4\u7279\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8bdd(Word of God)\u4e0e\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\uff1b\u524d\u8005\u4e3a\u4eba\u4e0e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5728\u65f6\u7a7a\u4e2d\u4e4b\u5b58\u5728\u76f8\u9047\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u6539\u5316\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u601d\u60f3\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u3002\u800c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u5219\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8bdd\uff08\u542f\u793a\uff09\u4e4b\u89c1\u8bc1\u6216\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u662f\u4eba\u5199\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5f53\u4eba\u8bfb\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u53ef\u80fd\u518d\u6b21\u4e0e\u4eba\u53d1\u751f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u76f8\u9047(existential encounter)\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u5728\u90a3\u4e00\u523b\uff08\u53ea\u5728\u90a3\u4e00\u523b\uff09\u7684\u76f8\u9047\u4e2d\u53c8\u6210\u4e86\uff08\u6210\u4e3a\uff09\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8bdd\u30022
\n\u628a\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e0e\u8d85\u8d8a\u7ecf\u5386\u7684\u300c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8bdd\u300d\u5206\u5f00\uff0c\u542c\u8d77\u6765\u5f88\u656c\u8654\uff1b\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u8fd9\u79cd\u624b\u6cd5\u5728\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u8bba\u8fd9\u57fa\u7840\u6027\u7684\u6559\u4e49\u4e0a\u5927\u6253\u6298\u6263\u3002\u5df4\u7279\u5f0f\u7684\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u89c2\u5df2\u88ab\u7f8e\u56fd\u8054\u5408\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u5199\u51651967\u5e74\u4e4b\u4fe1\u6761(Confession of 1967)\u4e2d\uff1b\u5179\u4e2d\u8bd1\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\n\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e4b\u552f\u4e00\uff0c\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u542f\u793a\u4e43\u9053\u6210\u8089\u8eab\u4e4b\u8036\u7a23\u57fa\u7763\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u9053\uff1b\u5723\u7075\u900f\u8fc7\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u5bf9\u8036\u7a23\u57fa\u7763\u4f5c\u4e86\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u3001\u6743\u5a01\u6027\u7684\u89c1\u8bc1\uff0c\u8fd9\u89c1\u8bc1\u88ab\u63a5\u53d7\u53ca\u88ab\u987a\u670d\u4e3a\u4e66\u5199\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8bdd\u3002\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e0d\u662f\u4f17\u591a\u89c1\u8bc1\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c1\u8bc1\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u72ec\u4e00\u65e0\u4e8c\u4e4b\u90a3\u89c1\u8bc1\u3002\u6559\u4f1a\u5df2\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u65b0\u65e7\u7ea6\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e3a\u5148\u77e5\u53ca\u4f7f\u5f92\u4e4b\u89c1\u8bc1\uff1b\u5728\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u91cc\uff0c\u6559\u4f1a\u542c\u5230\u4e86\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u800c\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u53ca\u987a\u670d\uff0c\u90fd\u7531\u8fd9\u8bdd\u57f9\u517b\u53ca\u7ba1\u5236\u30023
\n\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4fe1\u4ef0\u544a\u767d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u8036\u7a23\u57fa\u7763\u4e4b\u9053\u6210\u8089\u8eab\uff1b\u5723\u7075\u5bf9\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u89c1\u8bc1\uff1b\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u88ab\u5199\u6210\u4e66\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff1b\u53ca\u6559\u4f1a\u987a\u670d\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7b49\u5386\u53f2\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u6559\u4f1a\u300c\u542c\u5230\u300d\u5728\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u300c\u91cc\u300d\u7684\u300c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8bdd\u300d\u3002\u4f46\u4fe1\u6761\u4e2d \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6bb5\u7684\u6807\u9898\u4e43\u662f\u201cThe Bible\u201d\u4f46\u4ece\u4e0d\u63d0\u53ca\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u66f4\u9051\u8bba\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u65e0\u8bef\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u94fa\u9648\uff0c\u7b49\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u5ba3\u544a\u4efb\u4f55\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u8bba\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff01\u8fd9\u79cd\u4fe1\u6761\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee4\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u63a5\u7eb3\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u6fc0\u70c8\u6d3e\uff0c\u53ca\u65b0\u6b63\u7edf\u6d3e\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u53ca\u4e0d\u660e\u4e8b\u7406\u7684\u300c\u597d\u610f\u3001\u4e50\u89c2\u300d\u7684\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u90fd\u540c\u65f6\u63a5\u7eb3\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u4e0d\u5c11\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u671d\u7740\u8fd9\u65b9\u5411\u8d70\uff1a\u8bdd\u8bed\u542c\u8d77\u6765\u6b63\u7edf\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee4\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5b8c\u5168\u504f\u79bb\u6b63\u7edf\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u5185\u5916\u4eba\u58eb\u63a5\u53d7\u3002
\n\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u65b0\u6b63\u7edf\uff08\u53ca\u65b0\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\uff09\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e4b\u504f\u5dee\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf4\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u800c\u66f4\u7275\u6d89\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u63d0\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1a\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u80af\u3001\u4e0d\u6562\u3001\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u91cd\u7533\u90a3\u4e9b\u4f20\u7edf\u3001\u6b63\u7edf\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e2d\u7684\u8981\u70b9\uff1f
\n\u534e\u4eba\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u795e\u5b66\u754c\u4eba\u58eb\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u6b23\u8d4f\u3001\u63a8\u4ecb\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u300c\u6d3b\u7528\u300d\u5df4\u7279\uff08\u65b0\u6b63\u7edf\u6d3e\uff09\u7684\u542f\u793a\u89c2\u7684\u3002\u5179\u4e3e\u4e00\u4f8b\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u4e00\u6bb5\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u51fa\u81ea\u4e00\u7bc7\u7ef4\u62a4\u5728\u5f71\u97f3\u4e16\u4ee3\u4e2d\u300c\u6587\u5b57\u300d\uff08\u8bfb\u4e66\uff09\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u3002
\n\u300c\u9053\u300d\u4e0e\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u7740\u8fa8\u8bc1\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u5fae\u5999\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\u9053\u6210\u4e86\u8089\u8eab\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5728\u5730\u4e0a\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u75d5\u8ff9\uff0c\u5728\u4eba\u4e16\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\u3002\u89c1\u8bc1\u4eba\u76ee\u7779\u8033\u95fb\uff0c\u4eb2\u8eab\u6478\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e89\u8fa9\u8fc7\uff0c\u5426\u8ba4\u8fc7\u3002\u90fd\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e86\u3002\u968f\u8089\u4f53\u4e4b\u5f52\u4e8e\u5c18\u571f\u800c\u70df\u706d\u3002\u611f\u5b98\u7684\u63a5\u89e6\u90fd\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e86\u3002\u8fd8\u5269\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u9057\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u75d5\u8ff9\uff0c\u4ee5\u6587\u5b57\u7559\u5728\u4eba\u4e16\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\u3002\u6587\u4ee5\u8f7d\u9053\u3002\u9053\uff0c\u663e\u73b0\u4e8e\u5b57\u91cc\u884c\u95f4\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u5f85\u641c\u7d22\u3001\u8ffd\u5bfb\u3001\u8425\u9020\u3001\u60f3\u8c61\u3001\u5efa\u6784\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5386\u7a0b\uff0c\u7edd\u975e\u5f53\u4e0b\u3002\u76f4\u81f3\uff0c\u90a3\u65e5\u5b50\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\u8fb0\u3002
\n\u6b64\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u6587\u5b57\uff014
\n\u65b0\u6b63\u7edf\u6d3e\u5728\u534e\u4eba\u795e\u5b66\u754c\u4e2d\u4e4b\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6559\u4f1a\u53ca\u4fe1\u5f92\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e3b\u89c2\u5316\uff0c\u5ba2\u89c2\u7684\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u547d\u9898\u5f0f\u7684\u542f\u793a\uff0c\u9010\u5b57\u7684\u70b9\u793a\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6559\u4e49\uff0c\u90fd\u5c06\u88ab\u5f03\u7edd\u3002\u524d\u9014\u4e0d\u582a\u8bbe\u60f3\u3002
\n4.\u3000 \u65b0\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u3002
\n\u65b0\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e(Neo-evangelicalism)\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e03\u96f6\u5e74\u4ee3\u5174\u8d77\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bcc\u4e50(Fuller)\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u4e8e1940\u5e74\u4ee3\u521b\u529e\uff0c\u8d77\u521d\u4fe1\u4ef0\u975e\u5e38\u6b63\u7edf\uff0c\u5176\u4f7f\u547d\u4e43\u54cd\u5e94\u4eba\u7c7b\u6587\u660e\u7684\u5371\u673a\u3002\u4f46\u5230\u4e86\u4e03\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u6559\u6388\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u83b7\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u521b\u529e\u4eba\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u5bcc\u52d2(Daniel Fuller)\uff09\u5f00\u59cb\u5f03\u7edd\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f3a\u8c03\u89e3\u7ecf\u9700\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u53ca\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u5316\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u4ea6\u8ba4\u4fe1\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u5728\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff08\u6551\u6069\u3001\u7075\u547d\uff09\u53ca\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u9762\u4e43\u4fe1\u5f92\u4e4b\u6700\u9ad8\u6743\u5a01\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u5386\u53f2\uff08\u5982\u795e\u8ff9\uff09\u53ca\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u73b0\u4ee3\u5b66\u672f\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5219\u6709\u4e0d\u51c6\u786e\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u3001\u4e0d\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u7247\u6bb5\u3002
\n\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u5462\uff1f\u6709\u4eba\u8bf4\uff0c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u6574\u4f53\u662f\u795e\u6240\u9ed8\u793a\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u9ed8\u793a\u7684\u3002\u53e6\u6709\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u67d0\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6240\u9ed8\u793a\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u300c\u6b63\u5178\u4e2d\u6709\u6b63\u5178\u300d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u627f\u8ba4\u5168\u90e8\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u90fd\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6240\u9ed8\u793a\u7684\u30025 \u5f53\u65f6\u5bcc\u4e50\u7684\u7f57\u54f2(Jack Rogers)\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e4b\u5f3a\u70c8\u6279\u8bc4\uff1b\u540e\u8005\u66fe\u4e8e1975\u5e74\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u9ebb\u7701(Wenham, Massachusetts)\u53ec\u5f00\u7279\u522b\u4f1a\u8bae\u3002\u53cc\u65b9\uff08\u5bcc\u4e50\u6559\u6388\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6279\u5224\u8005\uff09\u8fbe\u4e0d\u6210\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u5177\u6b63\u7edf\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e4b\u4f20\u9053\u4eba\u9042\u7ec4\u7ec7\u300c\u56fd\u9645\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u534f\u4f1a\u300d(International\u3000Council on Biblical Inerrancy)\uff0c\u5728\u5341\u5e74\u5185\u53ec\u5f00\u4e86\u6570\u6b21\u5927\u578b\u805a\u4f1a\uff0c\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u300a\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5723\u7ecf\u65e0\u8bef\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5723\u7ecf\u89e3\u91ca\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u7b49\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u7136\u540e\u7167\u539f\u5b9a\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5341\u5e74\u540e\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86ICBI\u30026
\n\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u7f8e\u5357\u6d78\u4fe1\u4f1a\u2014\u2014\u5168\u7f8e\u4eba\u6570\u6700\u591a\u7684\u5b97\u6d3e\uff0c\u5176\u6700\u9ad8\u5c42\u4e4b\u9886\u8896\u4eec\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e86\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u6743\u529b\u6597\u4e89\u540e\uff0c\u4fdd\u5b88\u6d3e\u4eba\u58eb\u603b\u7b97\u83b7\u5f97\u67d0\u4e9b\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u957f\u8981\u804c\uff0c\u5982\u300c\u7f8e\u5357\u6d78\u4fe1\u4f1a\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u300d(Southern Baptist Theological Seminary) \u7684\u9662\u957f\u6469\u52d2(Albert Mohler, Jr.)\u7b49\u3002
\n\u65b0\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u5728\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e5d\u96f6\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5df2\u5c1d\u8bd5\u593a\u53d6\u300c\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u300d(evangelical)\u8fd9\u540d\u8854\uff0c\u4f01\u56fe\u5c06\u627f\u8ba4\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u4e4b\u4fe1\u5f92\uff0c\u6392\u6324\u5728\u300c\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u300d\u95e8\u5916\u3002\u5982\u65af\u7279\u5c3c(Roberta Hestenes)\u535a\u58eb\uff08\u8457\u540d\u5973\u7267\u5e08\uff0c\u524d\u5bcc\u4e50\u795e\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u3001\u5927\u5b66\u6821\u957f\uff09\u66fe\u5728\u300a\u4eca\u65e5\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u4e0a\u4f5c\u4e86\u5982\u4e0b\u7684\u5ba3\u79f0\uff1a
\n\u6211\u60f3\u5728\u5b57\u610f\u4e0a\u591a\u8bb2\u4e00\u4e9b(belabor the language a bit)\u3002\u300c\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u300d\u4e00\u8bcd\uff0c\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u597d\u51e0\u767e\u4e07\u4f4d\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u3001\u5faa\u9053\u536b\u7406\u516c\u4f1a\u3001\u5723\u516c\u4f1a\u3001\u4fe1\u4e49\u5b97\u4eba\u58eb\u8eab\u4e0a\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u7528\u8fd9\u8bcd\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u4e3b\u6d41\u6559\u4f1a\u5916\u9762\u7684\u4eba\u30027
\n\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5d2d\u65b0\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff01\u5b9e\u5728\u53eb\u8bfb\u8005\u8d39\u89e3\u3002\u6309\u65af\u7279\u5c3c(Hestenes)\u535a\u58eb\u7167\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u7684\u4fdd\u5b88\u5b97\u6d3e\u5185\u7684\u4eba\u58eb\uff08\u5982\u64ad\u9053\u4f1a\u3001\u5ba3\u9053\u4f1a\u3001\u6d78\u5ba3\u4f1a\u3001\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u3001\u8def\u5fb7\u4f1a\u3001\u5faa\u7406\u4f1a\uff0c\u5723\u6d01\u4f1a\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u53ca\u72ec\u7acb\u6559\u4f1a(\u5305\u62ec\u5f1f\u5144\u4f1a\uff0c\u798f\u97f3\u5802\u7b49)\u5185\u7684\u4eba\u58eb\u7b97\u662f\u8c01\u5462\uff1f
\n\u6309\u7167\u8d6b\u65af\u7279\u5c3c(Hestenes)\u7267\u5e08\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u6765\u63a8\u7406\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u4ecd\u65e7\u8ba4\u4fe1\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u662f\u795e\u6240\u9ed8\u793a\u3001\u65e0\u8bef\u7b49\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u8eab\u5c45\u4e3b\u6d41\u5b97\u6d3e\u5916\u9762\u7684\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u82e5\u7528\u6559\u4f1a\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u66fe\u7528\u8fc7\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u5e94\u88ab\u300c\u6253\u4e3a\u300d\u57fa\u8981\u6d3e(fundamentalists)\u4e86\uff01\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u8fd9\u53c8\u4f55\u5c1d\u4e0d\u53ef\uff1f\u65e9\u5728\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e94\u96f6\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5df4\u523b\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u5723\u516c\u4f1a\u65b0\u6d3e\u795e\u5b66\u5174\u8d77\u65f6\uff0c\u4fbf\u7740\u4e86\u300a\u300c\u57fa\u8981\u4e3b\u4e49\u300d\u4e0e\u795e\u7684\u9053\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\ufe54\u5728\u4e66\u4e2d\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6f84\u6e05\uff0c\u82e5\u300c\u57fa\u8981\u6d3e\u300d\u662f\u6307\u76f8\u4fe1 \u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u9ed8\u793a\u3001\u76f8\u4fe1\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u53ca\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\uff0c\u53ca\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u7ad9\u8d77\u6765\u5ba3\u79f0\uff1a\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u300c\u57fa\u8981\u6d3e\u300d\uff01\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u8ba4\u540c\u300c\u57fa\u8981\u6d3e\u300d\u4e00\u8bcd\u540c\u65f6\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6db5\u4e49\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u6559\u80b2\u7a0b\u5ea6\u504f\u4f4e\uff0c\u89c6\u91ce\u72ed\u7a84\uff0c\u5bf9\u5f85\u4e0d\u540c\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u4eba\u6301\u6709\u504f\u89c1\u3001\u5bf9\u4e16\u4e8b\u53ca\u5f53\u4ee3\u601d\u6f6e\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u3001\u65e0\u77e5\u7b49\uff01
\n\u300a\u300c\u57fa\u8981\u4e3b\u4e49\u300d\u4e0e\u795e\u7684\u9053\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u540e\u7684\u4eca\u5929\u8bfb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4ecd\u9887\u6709\u9002\u5207\u6027\uff01\uff08\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u627e\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u7ec6\u8bfb\u5df4\u523b\u7684\u300a\u771f\u7406\u4e0e\u6743\u80fd\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u3002\uff09
\n5.\u3000\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u8be0\u91ca\u5b66\u3002
\n\u8fc8\u8fdb\u5eff\u4e00\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u4e2d\u6700\u5177\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u8be0\u91ca\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u4e43\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u300c\u89e3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u300d(deconstructionism)\u3002\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u6b32\u5b8c\u5168\u6446\u8131\u4f20\u7edf\u897f\u65b9\u5bf9\u7edd\u5bf9\u771f\u7406\u8ffd\u5bfb\u7684\u5173\u5207\uff0c\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201clogocentrism\u201d(\u7f57\u683c\u65af\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49)\u800c\u5f03\u4e4b\u3002\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u8ddf\u968f\u5c3c\u91c7\u7b49\u4e4b\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b87\u5b99\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u529b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u8bed\u8a00\u53ea\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001(ideology)\u3002\u5b57\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u7b26\u53f7(sign)\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\uff1f\u89e3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u5927\u5e08\u5fb7\u91cc\u8fbe(Jacques Derrida)\u8bf4\uff1a\u5b57\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4eba\u60f3\u5230\u5173\u4e8e\u4e00\u4ef6\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u5f62\u8c61(acoustic image)\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u3002\u5b57\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u968f\u610f\u6027\u5730\u5236\u5b9a(arbitrarilyassigned)\uff0c\u968f\u610f\u5730\u4e0e\u7269\u4f53\u8fde\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u3002\u5b57\u672c\u8eab\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u60ef\u7528\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u7cfb\u7edf\u624d\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u3002
\n\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u8be0\u91ca\u5b66\u5426\u8ba4\uff0c\u8be0\u91ca\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u8981\u638c\u63e1\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u539f\u610f\u3002\u6587\u672c(text)\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u65e6\u5199\u5b8c\u6587\u672c\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728(absent)\uff0c\u7b49\u4e8e\u6b7b\u4e86\u3002\u800c\u6587\u672c\u672c\u8eab\u6709\u65e0\u5176\u4ed6\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u7a33\u56fa\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u5462\uff1f\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6587\u672c\u4e0e\u8bfb\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u7740\u76f8\u4e92\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005\u4eec\u5bf9\u6587\u672c\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u624d\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6587\u672c\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u6545\u6b64\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u7a33\u5b9a\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6587\u672c\u2014\u2014\u662f\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u3002
\n\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u8be0\u91ca\u5b66\u4e0d\u4f46\u5ba3\u79f0\u4f5c\u8005\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff1b\u8fde\u8bfb\u8005\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff01\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53\u6211\u8bfb\u6587\u672c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u5728\u8bfb\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5f53\u4ee3\u7684\u8be0\u91ca\u7fa4\u4f53(hermeneutic community)\u5728\u8bfb\uff0c\u6211\u53ea\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u5f53\u4ee3\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6587\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u8be0\u91ca\u5b66\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u662f\uff1a\u4f5c\u8005\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u8fde\u6211\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5982\u4eca\u5e38\u5b58\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\u5f53\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u60ef\u7528\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u7cfb\u7edf(conventions)\uff1b\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u5728\u6539\u53d8\u30029
\n\u8fd9\u79cd\u865a\u65e0\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u64cd\u7eb5\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\u53ca\u91ca\u7ecf\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5728\u4e2d\u6587\u795e\u5b66\u671f\u520a\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u8be0\u91ca\u5b66\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u591a\u6570\u90fd\u5168\u76d8\u7167\u6536\uff0c\u4e0d\u52a0\u6279\u5224\uff0c10 \u53eb\u534e\u4eba\u4fe1\u5f92\u76f2\u4ece\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u601d\u6f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u534e\u4eba\u6559\u4f1a\u9700\u9192\u609f\u8fc7\u6765\uff01
\n\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u6279\u5224\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u9ad8\u4e3e\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5185\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e09\u767e\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\u90fd\u76f2\u4ece\u542f\u8499\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u53ca\u552f\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u63d0\u51fa\u6279\u5224\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u51ef\u4f2f(Abraham\u3000Kuype,\u3000 1900\u5e74\u524d\u540e\u7684\u8377\u5170\u9996\u76f8\uff0c\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6)\uff0c\u8303\u6cf0\u5c14 (Cornelius Van Til, \u5df2\u6545\u5a01\u65af\u654f\u65af\u7279\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u62a4\u6559\u5b66\u6559\u6388)\uff0c\u97e9\u5ba2\u5c14(Carl Henry\uff0c\u300a\u795e\uff0c\u542f\u793a\uff0c\u6743\u5a01\u300b\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u300a\u4eca\u65e5\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u521b\u520a\u7f16\u8f91)11 \u7b49\u3002\u5f53\u4ee3\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u8ddf\u7740\u4e16\u4fd7\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u8d70\uff0c\u6279\u5224\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u795e\u5b66\u51e0\u767e\u5e74\u6765\u5d07\u5c1a\u7406\u6027(logocentrism)\uff0c\u7528\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u5efa\u7acb\u795e\u5b66\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u5b9e\u5c5e\u4e0d\u5e78\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u795e\u5b66\u5e94\u6548\u6cd5\u8303\u6cf0\u5c14\uff0c\u97e9\u5ba2\u5c14\u7b49\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e9\u5c31\u63d0\u51fa\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027(modernity)\u91cc\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u7406\u6027(the autonomous reason)\u4e43\u6b7b\u8def\u4e00\u6761\uff01\u4ee4\u4eba\u96be\u89e3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u865a\u65e0\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u89e3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u6279\u5224\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u53c8\u8ddf\u7740\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0e\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u5c3e\u5df4\u8d70\u300212
\n\u91cd\u5efa\u8bed\u8a00\u5728\u542f\u793a\u4e2d\u7684\u8db3\u591f\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u5f53\u4ee3\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u6025\u52a1\u3002\u5df2\u6709\u5c11\u6570\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u671f\u80fd\u88ab\u4eba\u63a5\u7eb3\u7684\u5168\u7406\u6027(validity)\uff1b\u5982\u8303\u63d0\u521a(Alvin Plantinga)\uff0c\u4f0d\u7279\u53f8\u6258(Nicholas Wolterstoff)\u57fa\u4e8e\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7eaa\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u529b\u65af(Thomas Reid)\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u65e0\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u8bba(non-foundationalist\u3000epistemology)\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e2d\u3001\u897f\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\u5c1a\u9700\u52aa\u529b\uff01
\n\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u4e94\u767e\u5e74\u6765\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u671f\u5df2\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u671f\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u66fe\u6709\u300c\u9ed1\u6697\u65f6\u671f\u300d\uff0c\u4fee\u9053\u58eb\u5728\u9ed1\u6697\u65f6\u671f\u4fdd\u5b58\u3001\u6284\u5199\u3001\u4f20\u9012\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u628a\u771f\u7406\u53ca\u6587\u660e\u5e26\u5230\u5317\u6b27\uff1b\u5728\u9ed1\u6697\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6781\u9700\u5eff\u4e00\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u65b0\u4fee\u9053\u58eb\uff0c\u4e3a\u4fdd\u5b58\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u542f\u793a\u3001\u5408\u7406\u6027\u3001\u53ca\u771f\u7406\u4e0e\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u6839\u57fa\uff08\u6240\u8c13\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8bba\uff09\u800c\u4e89\u6218\u3002
\n\u5eff\u4e00\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u662f\u6559\u4f1a\u56de\u5230\u6b63\u7edf\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e86\uff01
\n\u2162\u3000 \u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u4e4b\u771f\u4e49<\/strong>
\n<\/strong>\u3000\u3000\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u56fd\u9645\u534f\u4f1a\u300d(ICBI)\u5df2\u57281978\u5e74\u64b0\u5199\u4e86\u300c\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u5ba3\u8a00\u300d\uff0c1999\u5e74\u674e\u5b9a\u6b66\u3001\u5415\u6c9b\u6e0a\u4e24\u4f4d\u7267\u5e08\u628a\u5ba3\u8a00\u91cd\u65b0\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u4e2d\u6587\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005\u53ef\u4ed4\u7ec6\u7814\u8bfb\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u300c\u4fe1\u6761\u5f0f\u300d\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u534e\u4eba\u4fe1\u5f92\u5ff5\u8d77\u6765\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4e60\u60ef\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u9700\u91cd\u8bfb\u4e0a\u4e09\u3001\u4e94\u904d\u624d\u80fd\u638c\u63e1\u5176\u7cbe\u7cb9\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u590d\u8ff0\u4e00\u904d\u6b63\u7edf\u7684\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u89c2\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u770b\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u5371\u673a\u4e2d\u5e94\u6709\u7684\u6db5\u4e49\u3002
\n1.\u3000 \u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u5ba3\u79f0\uff0c\u4eba\u4eba\u90fd\u8ba4\u8bc6\u771f\u795e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5df2\u4f5c\u4e86\u81ea\u6211\u542f\u793a\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u8654\u4e0d\u4e49\u7684\u4eba\u963b\u6321\uff08\u6216\u4f5c\u300c\u538b\u6291\u300d\uff09\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u8f6c\u800c\u656c\u62dc\u53d7\u9020\u4e4b\u7269\uff1b\u4eba\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7684\u773c\u775b\u662f\u778e\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u867d\u7136\u4eba\u5728\u5815\u843d\u4e4b\u540e\u5df2\u7ecf\u778e\u773c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u542f\u793a\u8fd8\u662f\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u3002
\n2.\u3000\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5728\u6c38\u6052\u91cc\u5df2\u6709\u9884\u65e8\uff0c\u8981\u5411\u4eba\u7c7b\u542f\u793a\u6c38\u751f\u4e4b\u9053\u3002\u7942\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u65f6\u7a7a\uff0c\u7528\u68a6\u3001\u5f02\u8c61\u3001\u5929\u4f7f\u3001\u795e\u8ff9\u7b49\u4e8b\u4ef6(event)\uff0c\u4e5f\u7528\u5148\u77e5\u3001\u4f7f\u5f92\u7b49\u4ee3\u8a00\u4eba\u8bf4\u8bdd(words)\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\u5411\u4eba\u542f\u793a\u3002\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u542f\u793a\uff0c\u4e0d\u50cf\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd(\u975e\u6b63\u7edf\u7684)\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u795e\u5b66\u300d\u6d3e\u5b66\u8005\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4e8b\u4ef6(event)\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u8a00\u8bed(words)\u3002\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u300c\u4e8b\u300d\uff08\u4f5c\u4e3a\uff09\u4e0e\u300c\u8bdd\u300d\u662f\u76f8\u8f85\u76f8\u6210\uff0c\u4e92\u4e3a\u8be0\u91ca\u7684\u3002
\n3.\u3000\u6309\u7167\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u7f8e\u610f\uff0c\u7942\u628a\u4ed6\u6240\u542f\u793a\u7684[\u5305\u62ec\u300c\u4e8b\u300d\uff08\u4f5c\u4e3a\uff09\u4e0e \u300c\u8bdd\u300d]\u9ed8\u793a\u7ed9\u4eba\uff0c\u5e76\u4e66\u5199\u6210\u4e66\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ed3\u679c\u5199\u6210\u7684\u4e66\uff0c\u4e43\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8bdd\u8bed\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8bdd\u8bed\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u6216\u89c1\u8bc1\u3002\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6240\u9ed8\u793a\u7684\uff0c\u5168\u90e8\u3001\u6bcf\u5b57\u90fd\u662f\u7942\u6240\u9ed8\u793a\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u8868\u793a\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u9ed8\u793a\uff0c\u90fd\u50cf\u79d8\u4e66\u4f5c\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e00\u822c[\u6211\u4eec\u627f\u8ba4\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u6709\u4e9b\u90e8\u4efd\u663e\u7136\u662f\u7528\u300c\u9ed8\u4e0b\u6765\u300d\uff0c\uff08dictation \uff09\u65b9\u6cd5\u9ed8\u793a\u7684]\u3002\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u5b57\u4e0a\u90fd\u6709\u5723\u7075\u7684\u5e26\u9886\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4f4d\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u51fa\u751f\u3001\u80cc\u666f\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u7ecf\u5386\u3001\u6027\u683c\u3001\u6587\u7b14\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u60c5\u7eea\u53ca\u906d\u9047\uff0c\u90fd\u5728\u5723\u7075\u7684\u638c\u7ba1\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff01\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4f55\u5c1d\u4ec5\u6709\u300c\u5b57\u300d\u624d\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u9ed8\u793a\u7684\uff01\u6211\u4eec\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u9ed8\u793a\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff08\u5723\u7075\u5982\u4f55\u5429\u5490\u4eba\u628a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u5199\u4e0b\u6765\uff09\uff0c\u591a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5965\u79d8\uff1b\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6211\u4eec\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u4e66\u5199\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ca\u73af\u7ed5\u7740\u9ed8\u793a\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u9879\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u90fd\u5728\u5723\u7075\u7684\u638c\u7ba1\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u662f\u5076\u7136\u7684\uff01
\n4.\u5723\u7075\u6240\u9ed8\u793a\u7684\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u662f\u5168\u65e0\u8c2c\u8bef\u7684 (infallible and\u3000inerrant)\u3002\u4e0d\u5355\u5728\u6559\u4e49\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5ba3\u79f0\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u65e0\u8bef\u7684\u3002\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u662f\u6307\u539f\u672c(autographs)\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5f53\u8bd1\u672c\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u8868\u8fbe\u539f\u672c\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u5e94\u5f53\u5b83\u4e3a\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8bdd\u300213\u3000\u5c31\u7b97\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u539f\u672c\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u627f\u8ba4\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u4e0d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u3002
\n5.\u3000\u5723\u7075\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e8e\u9ed8\u793a\uff1b\u7942\u4e0e\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u540c\u4f5c\u89c1\u8bc1\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u81ea\u8bc1\u6216\u5185\u8bc1\u3002\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u7ea6\u7ff0\u52a0\u5c14\u6587(1509-1564)\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u795e\u5b66\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u3002
\n6.\u3000\u5723\u7075\u4fdd\u5b88\u521d\u671f\u6559\u4f1a\uff0c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u6bcf\u4e00\u5377\u4e66\u5199\u5b8c\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005\u7acb\u523b\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u5b83\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8bdd\uff08\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5c31\u662f\u6b63\u5178\uff09\u3002
\n7.\u3000\u5723\u7075\u4e5f\u638c\u7ba1\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u4f7f\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u88ab\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8bd1\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u3002
\n8.\u3000\u5723\u7075\u6309\u7167\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u7f8e\u610f\uff0c\u5f00\u542f\u4eba\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5149\u7167\u4eba\u5fc3\uff0c\u597d\u53eb\u4eba\u660e\u767d \u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u964d\u670d\u5728\u4e3b\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u4e0b\u3002
\n\u7167\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u8bba\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5723\u7075\u9ed8\u793a14\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u6b63\u7edf\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u8bba\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002
\n\u3000\u2163\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u4e4b\u6db5\u4e49<\/strong>
\n<\/strong>\u3000\u3000\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u627f\u8ba4\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6db5\u4e49\uff1a
\n1.\u3000\u8ba4\u4fe1\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u6559\u4e49\u4e4b\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u627f\u8ba4\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e4b\u9ed8\u793a\u3001\u65e0\u8bef\u3001\u6e05\u6670\u53ca \u6743\u5a01\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u4f4d\u7267\u5e08\u53ca\u4fe1\u5f92\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\uff08\u63d0\u524d6\uff1a12\uff09\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u795e\u5b66\u5b66\u672f\uff0c\u5fc5\u9700\u5148\u627f\u8ba4\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e4b\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u4e3a\u5b66\u672f\u800c\u5b66\u672f\uff0c\u968f\u6ce2\u9010\u6d41\uff0c \u5d07\u5c1a\u897f\u65b9\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u6f6e\u6d41\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u53cd\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u6f6e\u6d41\uff09\u3002\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\u53ca\u795e\u5b66 \u9662\u5e94\u8ba4\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u6559\u4f1a\u4eba(churchmen)\uff0c\u5148\u5411\u4e0a\u5e1d\u3001\u5411\u6559\u4f1a\u8d1f\u8d23\u300215
\n2.\u3000\u91cd\u7533\u300c\u547d\u9898\u5f0f\u542f\u793a\u300d\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u7941\u514b\u679c\u3001\u5df4\u7279\u7b49\u601d\u60f3\u5df2\u6df1\u5165\u534e\u4eba\u795e\u5b66\u754c\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u534e\u4eba\u6559\u4f1a\u6781\u9700\u91cd\u7533\u300c\u547d\u9898\u5f0f\u542f\u793a\u300d\u8fd9\u9879\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3002\u719f\u4e60\u5112\u9053\u54f2\u5b66\u3001\u4e2d\u9014\u4fe1\u4e3b\u7684\u5f53\u4ee3\u534e\u4eba\u6559\u4f1a\u9886\u8896\uff08\u6709\u9999\u6e2f\u80cc\u666f\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u5927\u9646\u80cc\u666f\u7684)\uff0c\u4e0e\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u4eba\u58eb\uff08\u5982\u8c22\u6276\u96c5\uff0c\u8d75\u7d2b\u5bb8\u7b49\uff09\u5f02\u53e3\u540c\u58f0\u79f0\u9053\uff0c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e0d\u5b9c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5e94\u7cfb\u7edf\u5316\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e0d\u662f\u547d\u9898\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\uff0c\u7384\u5999\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u51ed\u76f4\u89c9\u53ca\u4fe1\u5fc3\u624d\u80fd\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u5bf9\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u89e3\u91ca\u5bb6\u6709\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u53ca\u4f5c\u51fa\u79ef\u6781\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\u8303\u6d69\u6c99(Kevin Vanhoozer)\uff0c\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u300a\u4eca\u65e5\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bf4\u300c\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u4e00\u8bcd\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u5b83\u300c\u4e0d\u591f\u5927\u300d\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u62a5\u5bfc\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\u7684\uff1a
\n\u4ece\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u2026\u2026\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u795e\u5b66\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5f3a\u8c03\u547d\u9898\u5f0f\u771f\u7406\u53ca\u5f8b\u6cd5\u7684\u795e\u5b66\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u542f\u8499\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u517b\u5b50\u3002
\n\u6211\u4e0d\u662f\u5426\u8ba4\u65e0\u8bef\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4e0d\u591f\u5927\u3002
\n\u300c\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u53ea\u8bf4\u51fa\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u771f\u7406\u5168\u90e8\u56fe\u753b\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff1b\u800c\u76f8\u5bf9\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u9614\u5ea6\u5305\u62ec\u53d9\u8ff0\u3001\u8bd7\u6b4c\u3001\u8bd7\u8bcd\u3001\u53ca\u5bd3\u8a00\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u79bb\u5f00\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u89c2\uff1a\u5373\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\u4ec5\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e16\u754c\u7684(language simply picturing the world)\u3002\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u8bb8\u4e0e\u81ea\u5df1\u53ca\u4ed6\u4eba\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u7740\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4f55\u5fc5\u5462\uff1f\u2026\u202616
\n\u8303\u6d69\u6c99(Vanhoozer)\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u771f\u7406\u50cf\u97f3\u4e50\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u82e5\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u9898(proposition)\u6765\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u5931\u53bb\u5f88\u591a\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u795e\u5b66\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u8303\u6d69\u6c99(Vanhoozer)\u76fc\u671b\u91cd\u65b0\u638c\u63e1\u5230\u300c\u771f\u7406\u7684\u5168\u9762\u300d(the fullness of truth)\u3002\u4ed6\u5e0c\u671b\u6559\u4f1a\u518d\u7ecf\u5386\u4e00\u6b21\u7c7b\u4f3c\u300c\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u300d\u8f6c\u53d8\uff0c\u8fd9\u8f6c\u53d8\u8ba9\u6559\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u53d1\u73b0\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u6587\u5b66\uff0c\u7ecf\u5386\u4e00\u6b21\u8def\u6613\u65af\u6240\u79f0\u300c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8c61\u529b\u7684\u6d17\u793c\u300d(a baptism of our imaginations)\u300217
\n\u8303\u6d69\u6c99(Vanhoozer)\u7684\u8bae\u9898\uff0c\u662f\u8981\u56de\u5e94\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u4ed6\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u7231\u4e01\u5821\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u6559\u5e2d\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u4e09\u4e00\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u795e\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u662f\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u7684\u559c\u8baf\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5bf9\u300c\u547d\u9898\u5f0f\u542f\u793a\u300d\u5b58\u6709\u654c\u610f\u6216\u504f\u89c1\uff0c\u5219\u5bf9\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u795e\u5b66\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u635f\u5931\u3002\u4e0a\u9762\u5df2\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff0c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u672c\u8eab\u542b\u6709\u547d\u9898\u5f0f\u7684\u53ca\u975e\u547d\u9898\u5f0f\u7684\u542f\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u9700\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u5e94\u4ee5\u504f\u76d6\u5168\u3002
\n\u4e0d\u9519\uff0c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u6709\u67d0\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u8bd7\u6b4c\u3001\u5bd3\u8a00\u3001\u7bb4\u8a00\u53ca\u7977\u6587\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u5386\u53f2\u8bb0\u8f7d\u3001\u4e66\u4fe1\u3001\u8bb2\u7ae0\u53ca\u6559\u4e49\u5f0f\u7684\u6559\u5bfc\u3002\u719f\u4e60\u5112\u9053\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u5f53\u4ee3\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6587\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u58eb\u4eec\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fce\u5408\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u79cd\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4f4d\u79f0\u6b64\u4e3a\u300c\u5706\u5468\u6027\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f\u300d\uff0c\u610f\u5373\u5bfb\u7d22\u771f\u7406\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u771f\u7406\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff09\uff0c\u786c\u628a\u5168\u90e8\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u5f53\u4f5c\u975e\u547d\u9898\u5f0f\u7684\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5bf9\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u4e0d\u5c0a\uff0c\u4e0d\u656c\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7528\u610f\uff0c\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u798f\u97f3\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u88ab\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u5185\u7684\u534e\u4eba\u6297\u62d2\uff1b\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7528\u610f\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4f5c\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f1a\u6536\u300c\u4e0d\u6218\u5373\u8d25\u300d\u7684\u540e\u679c\u300218
\n\u5728\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5df2\u4f5c\u4e86\u547d\u9898\u5f0f\u7684\u9ed8\u793a\uff0c\u7528\u5723\u7075\uff08\u5c5e\u7075\uff09\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6653\u8c15\u4e86\u5723\u7075\u8981\u8bf4\uff08\u5c5e\u7075\uff09\u7684\u4e8b\uff08\u6797\u524d2\uff1a13\uff09\uff01
\n3.\u3000\u8ba4\u4fe1\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u4e4b\u6839\u636e\u3002\u627f\u8ba4\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u8fd9\u9879\u771f\u7406\u7684\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u4eb2\u81ea\u627f\u8ba4\uff08\u65e7\u7ea6\uff09\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c2\u70b9\u4e00\u70b9\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9519\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u65af\u6258\u5fb7(John Stott)\u53ca\u5df4\u523b(J. I. Packer)\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u591a\u6b21\u8bc9\u8bf8\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u6743\u5a01\uff0c\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u7b49\u771f\u7406\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u4e0d\u5e78\u65af\u6258\u5fb7\u540e\u671f\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u8868\u793a\u4ed6\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\uff09\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u57fa\u7763\u5bf9\u65e7\u7ea6\u7684\u89c1\u8bc1\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u3002\u8d85\u5b97\u6d3e\u7684\u5a01\u65af\u654f\u65af\u7279\u5927\u4f1a\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u5a01\u65af\u654f\u65af\u7279\u4fe1\u4ef0\u544a\u767d\u300b(1647) \u4e2d\u8bf4\u5f97\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\uff1a
\n\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8c2c\u4e4b\u771f\u7406\u53ca\u4ece\u4e0a\u5e1d\u800c\u6765\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u8ba4\u4fe1\u53ca\u628a\u63e1\uff0c\u4e43\u6765\u81ea\u5723\u7075\u5185\u5728\u7684\u89c1\u8bc1\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5fc3\u4e2d\u5723\u7075\u4e0e\u795e\u5bf9\u8bdd\u3001\u5723\u7075\u900f\u8fc7\u795e\u7684\u8bdd\u4f5c\u89c1\u8bc1\u300219
\n\u5723\u7075\u4e43\u9ed8\u793a\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u8005\u3002\u56e0\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9ed8\u793a\uff0c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u5199\u6210\u4e86\u3002\u7942\u8fd8\u4e0d\u65ad\u5728\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u5185\u4f5c\u89c1\u8bc1\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0e\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e00\u540c\u4f5c\u89c1\u8bc1\uff08\u53c2\u8d5b55 \uff1a8-11\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u76f8\u4fe1\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\uff0c\u6709\u5723\u7075\u5148\u900f\u8fc7\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u786e\u4fe1\u7684\u51ed\u636e\u3002\u5723\u7075\u7684\u89c1\u8bc1\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u770b\u89c1\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u80fd\u770b\u89c1\u7684\u3002\u540e\u8005\u5305\u62ec\uff1a
\n\u4e00\u3001\u300a\u65e7\u7ea6\u300b\u5bf9\u300a\u65e7\u7ea6\u300b\u7684\u89c1\u8bc1
\n\u4e8c\u3001\u300a\u65e7\u7ea6\u300b\u5bf9\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u89c1\u8bc1
\n\u4e09\u3001\u300a\u65e7\u7ea6\u300b\u5bf9\u300a\u65b0\u7ea6\u300b\u7684\u89c1\u8bc1
\n\u56db\u3001 \u57fa\u7763\u5bf9\u300a\u65e7\u7ea6\u300b\u7684\u89c1\u8bc1
\n\u4e94\u3001 \u57fa\u7763\u5dee\u6d3e\u300a\u65b0\u7ea6\u300b\u7684\u89c1\u8bc1\u4eba\uff08\u4f7f\u5f92\u4eec\uff09
\n\u516d\u3001\u300a\u65b0\u7ea6\u300b\u5bf9\u300a\u65e7\u7ea6\u300b\u7684\u89c1\u8bc1
\n\u4e03\u3001\u300a\u65b0\u7ea6\u300b\u5bf9\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u89c1\u8bc1
\n\u516b\u3001\u300a\u65b0\u7ea6\u300b\u5bf9\u300a\u65b0\u7ea6\u300b\uff08\u4f7f\u5f92\u5f7c\u6b64\uff09\u7684\u89c1\u8bc1
\n\u7531\u6b64\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u5bf9\u300a\u65e7\u7ea6\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u89c1\u8bc1\u53ca\u4fe1\u670d\uff0c\u4e43\u5723\u7075\u5185\u5728\u89c1\u8bc1\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u5176\u5168\u90e8\u3002\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u5728\u8bc9\u8bf8\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u89c1\u8bc1\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u65f6\uff0c\u83ab\u72af\u300c\u552f\u57fa\u7763\u4e3b\u4e49\u300d(Christomonism)\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u300220
\n4.\u3000\u63a5\u7eb3\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u8bed\u8a00\u3002
\n\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u65e2\u662f\u5723\u7075\u9ed8\u793a\u4e4b\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u53ef\u968f\u610f\u51ed\u4eba\u7684\u559c\u6b22\u4f5c\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u7684\u91c7\u7528\uff0c\u53d6\u63aa\u7531\u4eba\u4f1a\u593a\u53bb\u4e0a\u5e1d\u53ca\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u3002\u597d\u51e0\u4f4d\u6df1\u53d7\u82f1\u4f26\u795e\u5b66\u718f\u9676\u7684\u9999\u6e2f\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u53ca\u591a\u4f4d\u6d77\u5916\u534e\u4eba\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u591a\u6b21\u5bf9\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u6240\u7528\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7528\u8bed(forensic language)\u53ca\u5546\u4e1a\u7528\u8bed(commercial language)\uff0c\u5f53\u4f5c\u897f\u65b9\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u6587\u5316\u5305\u88b1\u6765\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u534e\u4eba\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6559\u4f1a\u5e94\u66f4\u6539\u798f\u97f3\u4fe1\u606f\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e0e\u795e\u590d\u548c(reconciliation)\uff0c\u5929\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6069\u60c5\uff0c\u300c\u4f60\u5df2\u88ab\u63a5\u7eb3\u4e86\uff01\u300d\uff0c\u53ca\u5fc3\u7075\u533b\u6cbb\u7b49\u4e3b\u9898\u300221
\n\u7b14\u8005\u4e0d\u53cd\u5bf9\u5f3a\u8c03\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e3b\u9898\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u5728\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u627e\u5f97\u5230\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u662f\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u5e94\u5f3a\u8c03\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u300c\u79f0\u4e49\u300d\uff0c\u300c\u4ee3\u7f6a\u300d(substitution)\uff0c\u300c\u633d\u56de\u300d(propitiation)\uff0c\u300c\u8d4e\u7f6a\u300d(atonement)\uff0c\u300c\u4e70\u8d4e\u300d(ransom)\uff0c\u53ca\u300c\u4e0d\u518d\u5b9a\u7f6a\u300d(no more condemnation)\u7b49\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u6587\u5316\u5305\u88b1\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u5723\u7075\u9ed8\u793a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff01\u600e\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u610f\u629b\u5f03\uff1f22 \u82e5\u8bf4\u4ee5\u5f80\u6559\u4f1a\u4e0d\u591f\u91cd\u89c6\u300c\u6069\u60c5\u300d\u3001\u300c\u590d\u6d3b\u300d\u3001\u53ca\u300c\u533b\u6cbb\u300d\uff0c\u518d\u8bf4\u73b0\u4eca\u4eba\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6069\u5178\uff0c\u662f\u5408\u60c5\u5408\u7406\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u5185\u660e\u660e\u6559\u5bfc\u7684\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u8bf4\u6210\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u7684\u9057\u4ea7\uff01
\n\u76f8\u4fe1\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e4b\u65e0\u8bef\uff0c\u5fc5\u9700\u540c\u65f6\u63a5\u7eb3\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u795e\u6240\u9009\u7528\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u5b57\u3001\u8bcd\u8bed\u3001\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002
\n5.\u3000\u542f\u793a\u4e4b\u4e00\u8d2f\u6027\u3002\u76f8\u4fe1\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e4b\u65e0\u8bef\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5305\u62ec\u63a5\u53d7\u6e10\u8fdb\u5f0f\u7684\u542f\u793a\uff08progressive revelation\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u524d\u540e\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u542f\u793a\uff08unity\u3000of revelation\uff09\u3002\u5728\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u6743\u5a01\u65b9\u9762\u59a5\u534f\u7684\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5723\u7ecf\u5b66\u7684\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5e38\u5728\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u542f\u793a\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\u4f5c\u5206\u5272\u7684\u5de5\u592b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a
\n\u4e00\u3001\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u8d5e\u6210\u6309\u7acb\u5987\u5973\u4e3a\u7267\u5e08\u8005\uff0c\u628a\u8036\u7a23\uff08\u91cd\u89c6\u5987\u5973\uff09\u548c\u4fdd\u7f57\uff08\u88ab\u63a7\u4e3a\u8f7b\u89c6\u5987\u5973\uff09\u7684\u6559\u8bad\u5bf9\u7acb\u8d77\u6765\u300223
\n\u4e8c\u3001\u628a\u56db\u798f\u97f3\u5bf9\u7acb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u4e92\u76f8\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u300a\u4eca\u65e5\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u300b\u7528\u6781\u6b23\u8d4f\u7684\u53e3\u543b\uff0c\u57281999\u5e74\u4e8c\u6708\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u51e0\u4f4d\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u7684\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u8303\u6d69\u6c99(Vanhoozer)\u6559\u6388\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u9ed1\u65af(Richard Hays,\u3000Professor of New Testament, The Divinity School, Duke University)\u3002\u9ed1\u65af(Hays)\u535a\u58eb\u5341\u5206\u52c7\u6562\uff0c\u66fe\u62a8\u51fb\u8d5e\u6210\u540c\u6027\u604b\u7684\u8036\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u795e\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u52c3\u65af\u5a01(John Boswell)\u5bf9\u300a\u7f57\u9a6c\u4e66\u300b\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u7684\u89e3\u7ecf\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u300c\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5dee\u52b2\u89e3\u7ecf\u4f8b\u5b50\u300d(a textbook example of bad exegesis)\u300224 \u9ed1\u65af(Hays)\u4ea6\u5bf9\u300c\u6000\u7591\u5f0f\u7684\u8be0\u91ca\u300d(hermeneutics of suspicion)\u4f5c\u4e86\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u6279\u5224\u3002\u4ed6\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u6000\u7591\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u300c\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u5ba3\u79f0\u5982\u6b64\u5730\u4fe1\u4efb\u5462\uff1f\u300d25 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u8ba9\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u81ea\u5df1\u8bf4\u8bdd\uff0c\u6765\u6279\u5224\u6211\u4eec\u5462\uff1f\u9ed1\u65af(Hays)\u63d0\u5021\u300c\u4fe1\u5fc3\u7684\u8be0\u91ca\u300d(a\u3000hermeneutic of trust)\uff0c\u610f\u5373\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u9700\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u300c\u7075\u9b42\u6709\u6c61\u79fd\u300d\u7684\u7f6a\u4eba(those who have \u201cfilth in their souls\u201d)\u300226 \u9ed1\u65af(Hays)\u5728\u5723\u7ecf\u7814\u7a76\u516c\u4f1a(Society for Biblical\u3000Literature)\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u4e8c\u767e\u591a\u4f4d\u5b66\u8005\u7ad9\u8d77\u6765\u9f13\u638c\u8d5e\u540c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u91c7\u8bbf\u8005\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u9ed1\u65af(Hays)\u5bf9\u56db\u798f\u97f3\u6709\u65f6\u91c7\u53d6\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff1a
\n\u4ed6\u62d2\u7edd\u4efb\u4f55\u60f3\u534f\u8c03\u300a\u65b0\u7ea6\u300b\u4f5c\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u540c\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002\u610f\u5373\u4ed6\u6709\u65f6\u628a\u4e00\u672c\u798f\u97f3\u4e66\u4e0e\u53e6\u4e00\u672c\u5bf9\u7acb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4f5c\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f53\u67d0\u4e00\u672c\u798f\u97f3\u4e66\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0e\u53e6\u4e00\u672c\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u8bc1\u660e\u5b83\u5bf9\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\u662f\u4e0d\u51c6\u786e\u7684(historically\u3000inaccurate)\u3002
\n\u91c7\u8bbf\u8005\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u9ed1\u65af(Hays)\u4e5f\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u4e00\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u5bf9\u76f8\u4fe1\u795e\u8ff9\u6216\u987a\u670d\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6709\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u300c\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee4\u4eba\u5bf9\u7ecf\u6587\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\u53d8\u6210\u778e\u773c(blind to the realities of the texts themselves)\u300227
\n\u4e0d\u627f\u8ba4\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e4b\u4e00\u8d2f\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u6781\u4e4b\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u91ca\u7ecf\uff0c\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e0a\u7684\u504f\u5dee\uff01
\n\u4e09\u3001\u5b9e\u7528\u300c\u5982\u4f55\u8bfb\u7ecf\u300d\u7684\u666e\u53ca\u91ca\u7ecf\u5b66\u4e66\uff0c\u591a\u4ee5\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u4f53\u5206\u7ae0\u6bb5\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u89e3\u7ecf\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u539f\u521928\uff0c\u5df2\u5728\u4e0d\u5c11\u65b0\u4e66\u5185\u6d88\u5931\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4ee4\u4fe1\u5f92\u4eec\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e0d\u89c9\u5730\u611f\u89c9\u5230\uff1a\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u4f53\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u6216\u4e66\u5377\uff0c\u5728\u771f\u7406\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u5f7c\u6b64\u6709\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u3002
\n\u4eca\u5929\u5ba3\u544a\u542f\u793a\u7684\u4e00\u8d2f\u6027\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\uff1f
\n6. \u52ff\u5938\u5927\u5904\u5883\u4e0e\u6587\u672c\u4e4b\u8fa8\u8bc1\u5173\u7cfb
\n\u6587\u672c\u4e0e\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587(context)\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fa9\u8bc1\u5f0f\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e0d\u5bb9\u968f\u610f\u5938\u5927\u3002\u4e0d\u9519\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u6bb5\u7ecf\u6587(text)\u7684\u771f\u4e49\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7f3a\u5c11\u5bf9\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u53ca\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u5316\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u9700\u8c28\u614e\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u8ddf\u968f\u4e16\u754c\u6559\u534f(World Council of Churches)\u795e\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a(Theological Education Fund)\u7684\u53f0\u6e7e\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\u9ec4\u7267\u5e08(Shoki Coe)\uff0c\u628a\u201ccontext\u201d\u8bf4\u6210\u662f\u300c\u7a77\u4eba\u88ab\u5265\u524a\u300d\u7684\u300c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u300d\u3002\u8fd9\u4f4d\u300c\u5904\u5883\u5316\u300d(contextualization)\u5148\u950b\u7684\u9ec4\u7267\u5e08\uff0c\u65e9\u57281972\u5e74\u5df2\u7528\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u578b\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8bba\u6765\u89e3\u7ecf\uff0c\u8c13\u82e5\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u7a77\u4eba\u88ab\u5265\u524a\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u6cd5\u771f\u6b63\u660e\u767d\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u534e\u4eba\u89e3\u7ecf\u6cd5\uff0c\u6709\u6d89\u5acc\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u578b\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8bba(epistemology)\u5417\uff1f
\n\u5bf9\u4e8e\u300c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u300d(context)\u7684\u8fc7\u4efd\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u4ea6\u53ef\u53c2\u8003\u300a\u4f60\u4e5f\u80fd\u5e26\u9886\u67e5\u7ecf\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u5728\u4e00\u4e5d\u516d\u96f6\u3001\u4e03\u96f6\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e43\u6821\u56ed\u67e5\u7ecf\u5c0f\u7ec4\u4e4b\u8bad\u7ec3\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\u5fc5\u8bfb\u8005\uff1b\u53d7\u8fc7\u5f52\u7eb3\u5f0f\u67e5\u7ecf\u6cd5\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u4fe1\u5f92\u4eec\u90fd\u4f1a\u80cc\u8bf5\u4e09\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a\u89c2\u5bdf(observe)\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca(interpret)\uff0c\u53ca\u5e94\u7528(apply)\u3002\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e5d\u96f6\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u518d\u6b21\u8d2d\u4e70\u8be5\u4e66\u65f6\uff0c\u5927\u5403\u4e00\u60ca\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u300c\u89e3\u91ca\u7ecf\u6587\u300d\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u5df2\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u7248\u672c\u5b8c\u5168\u91cd\u5199\uff01\u65e7\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u67e5\u7ecf\u65f6\u8981\u8ba4\u51fa\u4e00\u6bb5\u7ecf\u6587\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5b57\u773c\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u91cd\u590d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5b57\u773c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bcd\u6c47\u5217\u51fa\uff0c\u5bdf\u89c9\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5148\u540e\u6b21\u5e8f\uff1f\u601d\u8def\u7684\u6e10\u8fdb(progression)\uff1f\u5bf9\u7167\u6216\u6bd4\u8f83(contrast or comparison)\uff1f\u4f46\u662f\u65b0\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u8bfb\u8005\u67e5\u9605\u53c2\u8003\u4e66\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u6587\u5316\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff01
\n\u6b64\u4e66\u4e4b\u51fa\u7248\u8005\u662fInter Varsity Press \uff0c\uff08\u82f1\u7f8e\u8457\u540d\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff09\u3002\u5230\u5e95\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u751a\u4e48\u4e8b\uff1f\u96be\u9053IVP\u5df2\u4e0d\u518d\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ed4\u7ec6\u8fa8\u8ba4\u7ecf\u6587\u4e4b\u5b57\u773c\u4e43\u67e5\u7ecf\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\uff1f\u6291\u6216IVP\u4e0d\u518d\u76f8\u4fe1\u5f53\u4eca\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u6709\u8fd9\u79cd\u5206\u6790\u3001\u9605\u8bfb\u80fd\u529b\uff1f\u6291\u6216IVP\u7f16\u8f91\u540c\u5de5\u6df1\u53d7\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u6279\u5224\u4e4b\u65b0\u6f6e\u6d41\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7ecf\u6587\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u5176\u6587\u5316\u80cc\u666f\u83b7\u53d6\uff0c\u7ecf\u6587\u7684\u5b57\u610f\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ece\u5b57\u53e5\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u83b7\u5f97\uff1f
\n\u5f53\u4ee3\u8457\u540d\u89e3\u7ecf\u5bb6\u8d39\u4f9d\uff08Gordon Fee\uff0c\u300a\u8bfb\u7ecf\u7684\u827a\u672f\u300b\u4f5c\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\uff09\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u7ecf\u6587\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5728\u4e8e\u4f5c\u8005\u6216\u8bb2\u8005\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u5904\u5883\u4e2d\u5bf9\u8bfb\u8005\u6216\u542c\u8005\u7684\u539f\u610f\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c2\u5ff5\u63a8\u7406\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u4f1a\u5426\u4ee4\u6559\u4f1a\u4e0d\u518d\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u53e5\u3001\u6bcf\u4e00\u6bb5\u90fd\u6709\u5b83\u6c38\u6052\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u6559\u5bfc\uff1f
\n\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u6216\u5904\u5883(context)\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d6\u4ee3\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u6743\u5a01\uff01
\n7. \u91cd\u7533\u300c\u771f\u7406\u300d\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3002\u4e0a\u6587\u63d0\u5230\u8303\u6d69\u6c99\u53cd\u5bf9\u300c\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u4e00\u8bcd\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u672a\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u771f\u7406\u300c\u56fe\u753b\u300d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206(\u89c1IV.2\uff0c\u5f15\u658713)\u3002\u8303\u6d69\u6c99\u6709\u610f\u4e0e\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u4eba\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u628a\u300c\u771f\u7406\u300d\u89c2\u5ff5\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u5305\u542b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0e\u81ea\u5df1\u3001\u548c\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u82e5\u662f\u8981\u66f4\u6539\u4f20\u7edf\u5bf9\u300c\u771f\u7406\u300d\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u53bb\u8fce\u5408\u5f53\u4ee3\u4eba\u7684\u53e3\u5473\uff0c\u6240\u4ed8\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u53ef\u80fd\u592a\u6602\u8d35\u3002\u4e0d\u9519\uff0c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u5411\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\u8bf4\u8bdd\uff1b\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u53d9\u8ff0\u3001\u8bd7\u6b4c\u3001\u8bd7\u8bcd\u53ca\u5bd3\u8a00\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u5bf9\u4eba\u5fc3\u8bf4\u8bdd\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u4e0e\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff1a\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4eb2\u81ea\u8bf4\u7684\u8bdd\uff1b\u4e8e\u771f\u7406(\u8ba4\u77e5)\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u6b63\u786e\u3001\u65e0\u8c2c\u65e0\u8bef\u7684\uff1b\u4e8e\u6b63\u4e49(\u9053\u5fb7\u3001\u610f\u5fd7)\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u6240\u6653\u55bb\u7684\u662f\u6700\u9ad8\u3001\u6700\u5723\u6d01\u3001\u6700\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u516c\u4e49\uff1b\u4e8e\u8363\u7f8e(\u611f\u6027)\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u5177\u6709\u6700\u7eaf\u6d01\u7684\u534e\u7f8e\u53ca\u8363\u8000\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u300c\u7f8e\u300d\u6765\u81ea\u90a3\u7edd\u5bf9\u5723\u6d01\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u300c\u771f\u7406\u300d\u4e0e\u300c\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\uff0c\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e0e\u7942\u7684\u8bdd\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u5723\u6d01\u3001\u516c\u4e49\u3001\u8363\u8000\u7684\u4e66\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f46\u8981\u9ad8\u4e3e\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5e94\u8be5\u66f4\u591a\u5f3a\u8c03\uff01\u300a\u5a01\u65af\u654f\u65af\u7279\u4fe1\u4ef0\u544a\u767d\u300b\u5bf9\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u5d07\u9ad8\u6709\u4e0b\u5217\u7684\u5ba3\u79f0\uff1a
\n\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u5c5e\u5929\u7684\u9898\u6750\uff0c\u5176\u6559\u4e49\u7684\u6709\u6548\u5927\u80fd\uff0c\u6587\u7b14\u7684\u5b8f\u4f1f\uff0c\u5176\u4e0d\u540c\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u543b\u5408\uff0c\u5176\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u8303\u56f4(\u5373\uff0c\u5c06\u8363\u8000\u5168\u5f52\u4e8e\u795e)\uff0c\u5176\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u663e\u793a\u4eba\u7c7b\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u6551\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u4f17\u591a\u7684\u72ec\u4e00\u65e0\u4e8c\u7684\u5353\u8d8a\u6027\u548c\u5176\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u6027\u2026\u2026(\u5a01\u65af\u654f\u65af\u7279\u4fe1\u4ef0\u544a\u767d\uff0c1\uff1a5\uff1b\u7b14\u8005\u8bd1\u3002)
\n\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5fc5\u628a\u5386\u4ee3\u60ef\u7528\u7684\u300c\u771f\u7406\u300d\u89c2\u5ff5\u66f4\u6539\u6216\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u6df7\u6dc6\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\uff0c\u5bf9\u7814\u7a76\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u672c\u8eab\u6240\u7528\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\uff0c\u662f\u4e2a\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u969c\u788d\u3002
\n\u8303\u6d69\u6c99\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u5f53\u4ee3\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u53ca\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e0e\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u6587\u5316\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u5fc5\u9700\u91c7\u53d6\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u8bcd\u6c47(vocabulary)\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u5c31\u6b64\u63d0\u51fa\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7591\u95ee\uff1b\u662f\u5426\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u8bcd\u6c47\u90fd\u53ef\u5b8c\u5168\u7167\u642c\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\uff1f\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u8bcd\u6c47\u6709\u5723\u7075\u9ed8\u793a\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u53ca\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u4e88\u7f6e\u7406\u5417\uff1f\u4e0e\u4e16\u4fd7\u6587\u5316\u5bf9\u8bdd\u65f6\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u5e94\u8be5\u7528\u7231\u5fc3\u3001\u656c\u8654\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u5411\u975e\u4fe1\u5f92\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u628a\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u300c\u771f\u7406\u300d\u89c2\u3001\u300c\u8bed\u8a00\u300d\u89c2\u3001\u300c\u672c\u6587\u300d(document)\u89c2\u663e\u793a\u7ed9\u5f53\u4ee3\u5b66\u8005\u53ca\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\uff1f
\n\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u6709\u591a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u8363\u8000\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u5179\u5f15\u7528\u300a\u5a01\u65af\u654f\u65af\u7279\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5c0f\u95ee\u7b54\u300b\u4e00\u6761\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a
\n\u95ee\uff1a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f\u8c01\uff1f
\n\u7b54\uff1a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f\u4e2a\u7075\u3002\u7942\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u7942\u7684\u667a\u6167\u3001\u6743\u80fd\u3001\u5723\u6d01\u3001\u516c\u4e49\u3001\u7f8e\u5584\u548c\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u6c38\u6052\uff0c\u65e0\u9650\uff0c\u548c\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u3002(\u300a\u5a01\u65af\u654f\u65af\u7279\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5c0f\u95ee\u7b54\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c\u56db\u95ee\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u8bd1\u3002)
\n\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u65e0\u8bef\uff0c\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u771f\u7406\u3002\u6b63\u7edf\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u8bba\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ea\u6d89\u53ca\u300c\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u4e00\u9879\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5ba3\u544a\u3002\u5982\uff1a
\n\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u5fc5\u9700\u6027(necessity)\u3001
\n\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u4f7f\u5f92\u6027(apostolicity)(\u6307\u65b0\u7ea6)\u3001
\n\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u65e0\u8c2c\u65e0\u8bef\u6027(infallibility)\u3001
\n\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u6e05\u6670\u6027(perspicuity) \u3001
\n\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u6027(authority)\uff0c
\n\u6bcf\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u6559\u4f1a\u88ab\u91cd\u63d0\uff0c\u8ba9\u4fe1\u5f92\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3001\u7231\u6155\u3001\u5c0a\u656c\u3001\u987a\u670d\u3001\u5ba3\u626c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8bdd\uff01
\n\u4e0a\u9762\u4e03\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u4e4b\u6db5\u4e49\uff0c\u5728\u6587\u660e\u5371\u673a\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u300c\u547d\u9898\u300d\uff0c\u300c\u771f\u7406\u300d\uff0c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u4e4b\u6559\u5bfc\u5f0f(didactic)\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e4b\u4e00\u8d2f\u6027\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6559\u4f1a\u5ffd\u89c6\u3002\u795e\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u9700\u91cd\u65b0\u5f3a\u8c03\u8fd9\u51e0\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6559\u5bfc\uff0c\u4ee5\u8bad\u7ec3\u51fa\u6709\u771f\u7406\u4fe1\u5ff5(conviction)\u7684\u4f20\u9053\u4eba\uff01
\n\u2164 \u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u4e4b\u5e94\u7528<\/strong>
\n<\/strong>\u3000\u3000\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u601d\u60f3\u6df7\u6dc6\u7684\u4e16\u4ee3\uff0c\u6559\u4f1a\u5e94\u91cd\u65b0\u91cd\u89c6\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8bdd\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4e3b\u8981\u54cd\u5e94\u5f53\u4eca\u795e\u5b66\u754c\u7684\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u89c2\uff0c\u91cd\u7533\u300c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e0\u8bef\u300d\u6559\u4e49\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u5168\u9762\u5730\u5efa\u7acb\u5065\u5eb7\uff0c\u5f3a\u800c\u6709\u529b\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e0d\u5728\u672c\u6587\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6700\u540e\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f9b\u6559\u4f1a\u9886\u8896\u4eec\u53c2\u8003\uff1a
\n1. \u7cfb\u7edf\u89e3\u7ecf\u8bb2\u9053
\n\u8bb2\u53f0\u662f\u4e3b\u57fa\u7763\u8bbe\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u5ba3\u544a\uff08proclaim\uff09\u6559\u4f1a\u5143\u9996\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u65e8\u610f\u548c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5168\u5907\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\uff08whole counsel of God\uff09\u3002\u6559\u7267\u4e0d\u5b9c\u4e3a\u8ba8\u4eba\u559c\u6b22\u800c\u8fce\u5408\u6f6e\u6d41\uff0c\u6025\u6b32\u6559\u4f1a\u589e\u957f\u7b49\u76ee\u7684\u800c\u4ee5\u4e13\u9898\u8bba\u8ff0\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u533b\u6cbb\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u4ee3\u66ff\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u4ed4\u7ec6\u7684\u89e3\u7ecf\u8bb2\u9898\u3002\u4e3e\u76ee\u671b\u7530\uff0c\u5723\u5f92\u5230\u5904\u9965\u997f\uff0c\u7267\u4eba\u4ee5\u751a\u4e48\u5582\u517b\uff1f
\n2. \u7cfb\u7edf\u6559\u5bfc
\n\u5728\u4e3b\u65e5\u5b66\u3001\u67e5\u7ecf\u73ed\u3001\u5c0f\u7ec4\u53ca\u56e2\u5951\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5b89\u6392\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b9c\u5ffd\u7565\u9010\u5377\u53ca\u6309\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u5c0f\u7ec4\u67e5\u7ecf\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u56e2\u5951\u53ca\u5c0f\u7ec4\u805a\u4f1a\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e94\u5341\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5e94\u4ee5\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u672c\u8eab\u4e3a\u5185\u5bb9\u3002
\n3. \u795e\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u4e0e\u518d\u6559\u80b2
\n\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u9662\uff0c\u628a\u732e\u8eab\u4fe1\u5f92\u62db\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd9\u5b9d\u8d35\u7684\u4e09\u5e74\u3001\u56db\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4\u5f88\u5feb\u4fbf\u8fc7\u53bb\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6bd5\u4e1a\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u9ed8\u793a\u53ca\u65e0\u8bef\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff0c\u662f\u6709\u589e\u65e0\u51cf\uff1f\u6291\u6216\u6e10\u6e10\u5ffd\u89c6\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5f00\u59cb\u6000\u7591\u3001\u5f03\u7edd\uff1f\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u884c\u653f\u4eba\u5458\u5e94\u6df1\u601d\u719f\u8651\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5efa\u7acb\u3001\u6df1\u5316\u5b66\u751f\u5bf9\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u3002\u4e0d\u9519\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u4fe1\u5ff5\u8fd8\u6709\u5b9e\u8df5\uff1b\u795e\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u7075\u4fee\u3001\u6559\u4f1a\u5b9e\u4e60\u3001\u539f\u6587\u89e3\u7ecf\u7b49\u90fd\u4e0d\u5bb9\u5ffd\u89c6\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff08conviction\uff09\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u5e94\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4ec6\u4eba\u5e94\u6709\u7684\u54c1\u683c\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\u3002\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u5982\u4f55\u57f9\u517b\uff1f\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u6559\u6388\u4eec\u672c\u8eab\u6709\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4fe1\u5ff5\u5417\uff1f\u5982\u4f55\u6df1\u5316\u6559\u6388\u4eec\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff1f\u662f\u795e\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u5728\u300c\u4fe1\u4ef0\u300d\u4e0a\u68c0\u8ba8\uff0c\u6539\u9769\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e86\uff01
\n4. \u7075\u547d\u4e4b\u91cd\u65b0\u4e86\u89e3
\n\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65e2\u662f\u9010\u5b57\u9ed8\u793a\uff0c\u65e0\u8c2c\u65e0\u8bef\uff0c\u5b83\u5bf9\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u751f\u547d\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e94\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u3002\u65f6\u4e0b\u4fe1\u5f92\u8ffd\u6c42\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684\u7075\u547d\u8fdb\u6df1\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u4e3b\u8981\u89c2\u5ff5\u53ca\u8bcd\u6c47\u5747\u4e0d\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u5982\u300c\u7075\u547d\u300d\u3001\u300c\u9ed8\u89c2\u300d\u3001\u300c\u655e\u5f00\u5fc3\u7075\u300d\u7b49\u3002\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u6709\u597d\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u6781\u9700\u5f53\u4ee3\u4fe1\u5f92\u52a0\u4ee5\u91cd\u89c6\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5982\uff1a
\n\u656c\u754f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u3001
\n\u656c\u62dc\u4e0a\u5e1d\u3001
\n\u611f\u8c22\u4e0a\u5e1d\u3001
\n\u4e0e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5723\u6d01\u3001\u5fcc\u90aa\u8ba4\u540c\u3001
\n\u5728\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u6ee1\u8db3\u3001
\n\u4fe1\u9760\u4e0a\u5e1d\u3001
\n\u7231\u6155\u4e0a\u5e1d\u3001
\n\u987a\u670d\u4e0a\u5e1d
\n\u8bed\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u540d\u6b63\u8a00\u987a\u3002\u300d\u4fe1\u5f92\u4e0e\u4e3b\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5176\u5b9a\u4e49\u5e94\u4ece\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u627e\u51fa\uff01\u65e2\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\u5e94\u88ab\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u8861\u91cf\uff1b\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u5723\u7075\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u51c6\u5219\uff0c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u624d\u662f\u3002
\n5. \u9605\u8bfb\uff0c\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u9ed8\u60f3\u7684\u91cd\u5bfb
\n\u5728\u8fd9\u6587\u660e\u6ca1\u843d\u7684\u4e16\u4ee3\uff0c\u6559\u4f1a\u5728\u6559\u5bfc\uff0c\u5ba3\u8bb2\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u9700\u6559\u5bfc\u4fe1\u5f92\u5982\u4f55\u7ec6\u8bfb\u3001\u7814\u8bfb\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8bdd\u5e76\u52a0\u4ee5\u9ed8\u60f3\uff0c\u80cc\u8bf5\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5fc3\u7075\u7684\u64cd\u7ec3\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u53d7\u5723\u7075\u7ba1\u5236\u7684\u7406\u6027\uff08sanctified mind\uff09\u7684\u64cd\u7ec3\uff01
\n\u81ea\u4ece\u4e00\u4e5d\u516b\u96f6\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u9752\u5e74\u9605\u8bfb\u3001\u5206\u6790\u3001\u7efc\u5408\uff08analyze,synthesize\uff09\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4e00\u76f4\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u5728\u6559\u4f1a\u6216\u6559\u4f1a\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u9700\u62fe\u8d77\u8d23\u4efb\uff1b\u7b14\u8005\u547c\u5401\uff1a\u300c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6559\u80b2\u4e4b\u76ee\u6807\u53ca\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5373\u6559\u80b2\u672c\u8eab\uff01\u300d\uff08the goal and task of Christian education is education itself!\uff09\u613f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8bdd\u53d1\u626c\u5149\u5927\uff0c\u597d\u50cf\u5341\u516d\u4e16\u7eaa\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u65f6\u671f\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u513f\u5973\u660e\u767d\u795e\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u4e0e\u666e\u53ca\u3001\u63d0\u5347\u540c\u6b65\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u5f71\u54cd\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8d28\u7d20\uff01<\/p>\n