{"id":15318,"date":"2026-03-03T08:21:16","date_gmt":"2026-03-03T00:21:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/?p=15318"},"modified":"2026-03-03T08:21:16","modified_gmt":"2026-03-03T00:21:16","slug":"%e6%94%b9%e9%9d%a9%e5%ae%97%e7%9a%84%e9%9d%a2%e8%b2%8c_10_%e6%94%b9%e9%9d%a9%e5%ae%97%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%a3%e6%95%99%e4%ba%8b%e5%b7%a5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/?p=15318","title":{"rendered":"\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u7684\u9762\u8c8c_10_\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u5de5"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <style> #h5vp6a3e3df83e806 .h5vp_video_overlay{ top:10px; left:10px; } .popup_close_btn { display:none }.h5vp_player.popup_close .plyr { display:none }.h5vp_popup_wrapper.popup_close video { display:none }#h5vp6a3e3df83e806 video { max-width:100% }#h5vp6a3e3df83e806 { border-radius:0px }#h5vp6a3e3df83e806 { overflow:hidden }#h5vp6a3e3df83e806 .h5vp_video_overlay p { color:#fff }#h5vp6a3e3df83e806 .h5vp_video_overlay p { font-size:20px 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Brainerd\uff09\u4e0d\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u4e00\u4f4d\u5411\u5317\u7f8e\u6d32\u7684\u7ea2\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\u7684\uff0c\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u6ecb\u88ab\u903c\u79bb\u5f00\u4ed6\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u50cf\u4e34\u8fd1\u7684\u7ea2\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7\u6000\u7279\u8153\uff08George Whitefield\uff09\u6765\u8bb2\u8fd9\u4e9b\u590d\u5174\u6094\u6539\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c1740\uff0c1741\u5e74\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u9ed1\u4eba\u5974\u96b6\u4e5f\u5728\u65c1\u8fb9\u542c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e5\u540e\u9ed1\u4eba\u6559\u4f1a\u8bb2\u9053\u98ce\u683c\u7684\u30021790\u4e4b\u540e\u6211\u524d\u9762\u8bf4\u8fc7\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bb2\u6094\u6539\u7684\u590d\u5174\u7684\u8bb2\u5458\uff0cSamuel Davies\uff0cArchibald Alexander\u7b49\u7b49\u5230\u5904\u53bb\u5e03\u9053\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5728William 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Meeting\uff091806 \u9a6c\u8428\u8bf8\u585e\u5dde\u5a01\u5ec9\u59c6\u65af\u6566\uff08Williamstown\uff0c Massachusetts\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u6709\u4e00\u73ed\u7684\u9752\u5e74\u7684\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u4e2a\u6cb3\u8349\u5806\u91cc\u9762\u7977\u544a\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u5f53\u65f6\u5c31\u7acb\u5fd7\u795e\u82e5\u613f\u610f\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u613f\u610f\u88ab\u5dee\u9063\u505a\u6d77\u5916\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u3002\u81ea\u4ece\u90a3\u6b21\u7977\u544a\u4f1a\u4e4b\u540e\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u50ac\u903c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\uff0c\u90a3\u5f53\u7136\u5728\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u9644\u8fd1\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u516c\u7406\u5b97\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\uff0c\u5c31\u50ac\u903c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u6210\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u591f\u5dee\u9063\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u7684\u5dee\u4f1a\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c1810\u5e74\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f8e\u56fd\u5dee\u4f1a\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u53c2\u8bae\u4f1a\u77ed\u79f0American Board\u5168\u540d\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d77\u5916\u4f20\u9053\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08American Board of Commissioners for Foreign 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Hodge\uff09\u8d6b\u6cbb\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u7684\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e2a\uff08Union Theological Seminary\uff09\u534f\u548c\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u4e3a\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65e5\u540e\u6210\u4e3a\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u5927\u672c\u8425\u7684\u534f\u548c\u795e\u5b66\u9662\uff0c1841\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u652f\u6301\u590d\u5174\u7684\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u4eba\u58eb\u521b\u7acb\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1885\u5e74\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u6709\u5251\u6865\u4e03\u6770\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8d35\u65cf\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u662f\u6253\u7403\u7684\u5065\u5c06\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u5206\u522b\u7684\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u732e\u8eab\u53bb\u6d77\u5916\u5ba3\u6559\u3002\u90a3\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u8fc7\u7f8e\u56fd\u6765\u5317\u7f8e\u6d32\u5de1\u56de\u7684\u5206\u4eab\u8fc7\u30021886\u5e74 7\u6708\u4efd\u5728\u9a6c\u8428\u8bf8\u585e\u5dde\u8bfa\u65af\u83f2\u5c14\u5fb7\uff08Northfield\uff0c Massachusetts\uff09\u6709\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\u5462\u7c7b\u4f3c\u6709\u4e00\u73ed\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u7279\u4f1a\u4e4b\u540e\u732e\u8eab\u7977\u544a\u7684\uff0c\u795e\u82e5\u613f\u610f\u6211\u613f\u610f\u6210\u4e3a\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u30021886-1887 \u9a6c\u4e0a\u5c31\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u81ea\u613f\u82b1\u4e00\u5e74\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6682\u65f6\u653e\u4e0b\u5b66\u4e1a\uff0c\u8dd1\u5404\u5927\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u53bb\u63a8\u52a8\u8fd9\u4e2a\u732e\u8eab\u5ba3\u6559\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u5728\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86student volunteer\u5728\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\uff08Student Volunteer Movement for Foreign Missions\uff0c SVM\uff09\u5b66\u751f\u6d77\u5916\u5ba3\u6559\u5fd7\u613f\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1887\u5e74\u6709\u795e\u5b66\u751f\u6d77\u5916\u5ba3\u6559\u8054\u76df\uff08Interseminary Missionary Alliance Convention\uff09\u795e\u5b66\u751f\u4e5f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u6d77\u5916\u5ba3\u6559\u7684\u8054\u76df\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u3001\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u90fd\u4e00\u80a1\u7684\u70ed\u5fc3\uff0c\u8981\u8d8a\u591a\u4eba\u8d8a\u597d\u51b3\u5fd7\uff0c\u795e\u82e5\u613f\u610f\u5dee\u9063\u4ed6\u4eec\u51fa\u53bb\u505a\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u3002\u8bf7\u8bb0\u5f971810\u5e74\u8001\u65e9\u572870\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bbe\u7acb\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u5dee\u4f1a\u7684\uff0c1890\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e00\u4f4d\u536b\u7406\u516c\u4f1a\u7684\u5546\u4eba\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7R\u00b7\u83ab\u7279\uff08John R. Mott\uff09\u4ed6\u63a8\u52a8\u5b66\u751f\u8ddf\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u53e3\u53f7\u662f\u201c<strong>\u8ba9<\/strong><strong>\u798f\u97f3\u5728\u6211<\/strong><strong>\u8fd9<\/strong><strong>\u4e00\u4ee3<\/strong><strong>\u4f20<\/strong><strong>\u904d\u4e16\u754c<\/strong>\u201d\uff08The evangelization of the world in this our 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board\u7f8e\u56fd\u5dee\u4f1a\u3002\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u540e\u6765\u5206\u6210\u7f8e\u5317\u8ddf\u7f8e\u5357\uff0c\u5317\u8fb9\u7684\u662fPCUSA 1861\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7f8e\u5357\u7684\u662fPCUS1861\u5357\u5317\u6218\u4e89\u4e4b\u540e\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u9664\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5f53\u7136\u8377\u5170\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u5462\u5c31\u8ddf\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u7684\u5dee\u4f1a\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5462\u4e0d\u8981\u5fd8\u8bb01865\u5e74\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u5185\u5730\u4f1a\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u3001\u516c\u7406\u5b97\u3001\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u662f\u53c2\u52a0\u7684\u5185\u5730\u4f1a\uff0c\u53bb\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\u7684\uff0c\u505a\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u7684\u3002\u597d\u4e86\u5230\u4e861890\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u7684\u5ba3\u4fe1\u7267\u5e08\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u5ba3\u9053\u4f1aChristian and missionary 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50-70\u5e74\u524d\u7684\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf4\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u5462\u5c31\u628a\u5f88\u591a\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u9001\u53bb\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u770b\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4eba\u6570\u5f88\u5c11\uff0c\u4f46\u6559\u80b2\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5f88\u9ad8\u3002\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u6587\u5316\u4e0a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e5f\u662f\u5f88\u6df1\u8fdc\u7684\u3002\u628a\u4fdd\u5b88\u90fd\u9001\u53bb\u97e9\u56fd\uff0c\u90a3\u91cc\u5728\u97e9\u56fd\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u662f\u5f88\u706b\u70ed\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7279\u522b\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u5230\u4e86\u97e9\u56fd\u7279\u522b\u662f\u81ea\u517b\u81ea\u6cbb\u4e3a\u539f\u5219\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u70b9\u4e0d\u53d1\u85aa\u6c34\u7ed9\u97e9\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u7267\u5e08\uff0c\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u5929\u5f00\u59cb\u97e9\u56fd\u4eba\u5f53\u7267\u5e08\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u6559\u4f1a\u81ea\u5df1\u4f9b\u517b\u7684\u3002\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u53bb\u97e9\u56fd\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u5462\u662f\u4fdd\u5b88\u8ddf\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u53c2\u534a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u770b\u5230\u90a3\u4e9b\u6bd4\u8f83\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u7684\u6216\u8005\u6ce8\u91cd\u6559\u80b2\u6216\u8005\u6587\u5316\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7684\u9996\u63a81860\uff0c70\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u4e01\u97ea\u826f (W. A. P. Martin)\u7f8e\u56fd\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u7eb3\u5dde\u53d7\u8bad\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u4ed6\u4e5f\u613f\u610f\u628a\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u5e26\u7ed9\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\u5230\u4e8620\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u6709\u53f8\u5f92\u96f7\u767b\uff08John Leighton Stuart\uff09\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u7f8e\u5357\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\uff0c\u5e0c\u814a\u6587\u7684\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5230\u4e861916\u5e74\u4ece\u5357\u4eac\u5c31\u88ab\u9080\u8bf7\u53bb\u4e86\u5317\u4eac\uff0c\u5f53\u71d5\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efb\u7684\u9662\u957f\u3002\u90a3\u5f53\u65f620\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u505a\u7f16\u8f91\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u6240\u8bfb\u7684\u6742\u5fd7\u548c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u82cf\u80af\u7684\u5f17\u5170\u514b\u00b7\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u7f57\u6797\u68ee\uff08Frank J. Rawlinson\uff09\u4e5f\u662f\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u7684\u3002\u6700\u540e\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u8457\u540d\u7684\u8d5b\u73cd\u73e0\uff08Pearl S. Buck\uff09\u5199\u300a\u5927\u5730\u300b\uff08The Good Earth\uff09\u7684\u5973\u4f5c\u5bb6\u4e5f\u662f\u7b97\u662f\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u8fb9\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u4ece\u4e8b\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u6587\u5316\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e4e\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u8fb9\u7279\u522b\u5230\u4e86\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u88ab\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u795e\u5b66\u5784\u65ad\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c1919\u5e74\u5728\u5c71\u4e1c\u6709\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4e00\u95f4\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u56e0\u4e3a\u8001\u5e08\u4eec\u795e\u5b66\u7acb\u573a\u4e0a\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u4eec\u5462\u5c31\u7f62\u8bfe\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u3002\u5c31\u8bf7\u4e86\u4e00\u4f4d\u53eb\u505a\u8d6b\u58ebWatson Hayes\u7684\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u5f53\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u9662\u957f\u3002\u65b0\u7684\u5b66\u6821\u5c31\u662f\u534e\u5317\u795e\u5b66\u9662\uff0c\u90a3Watson Hayes\u5728\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u662fB.B Warfield\u7684\u5f97\u610f\u95e8\u751f\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u7684\uff0c\u5230\u4e861940\u5e74\u4ee3\u6709\u5305\u4e49\u68ee\u7267\u5e08\uff08Samuel E. Boyle\uff09\u4ed6\u5728\u6587\u5b57\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u65b9\u9762\u505a\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u52a9\u7406\u5c31\u662f\u8d75\u5fe0\u8f89\u7267\u5e08\uff0c\u8d75\u5fe0\u8f89\u7684\u7267\u5e08\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4f4d\u5c31\u662f\u8d75\u5929\u6069\u7267\u5e08\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u662f\u529e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u7ffb\u8bd1\u793e\u7684\u3002\u597d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u516b\u3001\u90a3\u4e48\u7a76\u7adf\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e4b\u524d\u4ed6\u4eec\u63a5\u53d7\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u88c5\u5907\u5462\uff1f\u57281974\u5e74\u8d39\u6b63\u6e05\uff08John King Fairbank\uff09\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u4e1c\u6d0b\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u4e3b\u4efb\u4ed6\u4e3b\u7f16\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u53eb\u505a\u300aThe Missionary Enterprise in China and America\u300b\uff08\u300a\u5728\u534e\u7f8e\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u4e1a\u300b\uff09\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u8ddf\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u4f01\u4e1a\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7\u7684\u6587\u7ae0solids SEARLEBATES\u5199\u7684Sobert\u591a\u5e74\u6765\u5728\u534f\u548c\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u7814\u7a76\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u5f53\u4e3b\u4efb\u7684Missionary Research Library\uff0cUnion Theological Seminary\uff0c\u4ed6\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u9898\u76ee\u662f\u201cThe Theology of American Missionaries in China\uff0c 1900-1950\u201d\uff0c 1900-1950\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u534e\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u4ed6\u662f\u5728\u8bb2\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u88c5\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u6211\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u4ed6\u7279\u522b\u63d0\u5230\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f60\u5f53\u7267\u5e08\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u5b97\u6d3e\u5c31\u662f\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u5728\u6709\u4e09\u5e74\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53bb\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u5e73\u5747\u7684\u88c5\u5907\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u6240\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u6216\u8005\u5b66\u9662college\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u56db\u5e74\u91cc\u9762\u4ed6\u5927\u6982\u4fee\u8fc7\u4e09\u95e8\u7684\u5723\u7ecf\u6216\u8005\u795e\u5b66\u6216\u8005\u4f26\u7406\u5b66\u3002\u4e0e\u5728\u7559\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f53\u7267\u5e08\u7684\u5dee\u5f97\u592a\u8fdc\u592a\u8fdc\u4e86\uff0c\u96be\u602a\u90a3\u4e2a\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u65e5\u540e\u7684\u4e2d\u6e2f\u53f0\u7684\u6240\u8c13\u795e\u5b66\u9662\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u6bd4\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5723\u7ecf\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u518d\u4f4e\u4e00\u70b9\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u662f\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u627f\u8ba4\u7684\u3002\u4f60\u8bfb\u5b8c\u4e4b\u540e\u8981\u597d\u597d\u7684\u53bb\u8865\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u591f\u7ee7\u7eed\u5347\u5b66\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u7acb\u573a\u8fd8\u6709\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u88c5\u5907\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5f88\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u88c5\u5907\u7684\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\uff0c\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u4f1a\u8981\u6c42\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u88c5\u5907\u624d\u8e0f\u8fdb\u5de5\u573a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u7684\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u3001\u516c\u7406\u5b97\u3001\u8377\u5170\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u90fd\u4e3b\u52a8\u7684\u5e26\u9886\u7740\u5404\u5b97\u6d3e\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u534f\u5b9a\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8054\u76df\u3001\u6700\u540e\u5408\u5e76\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u5c31\u4e0d\u7ec6\u8bb2\uff0c\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u8bb2\u4e13\u95e8\u662f\u8bb2\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u8ddf\u5176\u4ed6\u6559\u4f1a\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u6709\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u56db\u4e2a\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u662f\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u4e8c\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u534f\u5b9acomity\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u5728\u5404\u7701\u5404\u53bf\u5462\u5927\u5bb6\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u534f\u5b9a\uff0c\u54ea\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u53bf\u662f\u54ea\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b97\u6d3e\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u53bb\u90a3\u91cc\u8bbe\u7acb\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u3002\u5f88\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u6709\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6709\u540c\u4e00\u7684\u5730\u533a\u5462\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b97\u6d3e\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\u8bf4\u6c55\u5934\u6f6e\u5dde\u6709\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u8ddf\u7f8e\u5317\u7684\u6d78\u4fe1\u4f1a\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5462\u8b6c\u5982\u8bf4\u5230\u4e86\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u4e2d\u534e\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6f6e\u4eba\u751f\u547d\u5802\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u50cf\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5230\u4e86\u4e5d\u9f99\u57ce\u7684\u6f6e\u4eba\u751f\u547d\u5802\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u6709\u6d78\u6c34\u6c60\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4ece\u5c0f\u5728\u4f2f\u591a\u5229\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u957f\u5927\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u501f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6d78\u6c60\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e5f\u6709\u6d78\u4fe1\u4f1a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u3002\u541b\u5b50\u534f\u5b9a\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u3001federation\u5c31\u662f\u5b97\u6d3e\u4e4b\u95f4\u5728\u5730\u65b9\u4e0a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e00\u4e2a\u8054\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002\u6700\u540e\u662f\u5408\u4e00\u3001\u5408\u5e76\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5408\u4f5c\u4e4b\u540c\u65f6\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u4e5f\u7279\u522b\u7684\u60f3\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u5ba3\u6559\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u8981\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u534e\u534e\u4eba\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4f1a\u5174\u8d77\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u4e00\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u95f4\u63a5\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u95f4\u63a5\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u60f3\u5230\u539f\u6765\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u8001\u65e919\u4e16\u7eaa\u5c31\u6709\u7684Shanghai Presbyterian Mission Press\u4e0a\u6d77\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u5ba3\u6559\u7684\u5370\u5237\u5382\u3002\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u5f53\u5b66\u5f92\u7684\u540e\u6765\u5c31\u662f\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u9986\u7684\u521b\u529e\u4eba\u3002\u8fd9\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e66\u7c4d\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u4e1a\uff0c\u6e56\u5317\u7684\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u5f71\u4e5f\u54cd\u8fc7\u738b\u660e\u9053\u5148\u751f\uff0c\u4ed6\u66fe\u7ecf\u6709\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u671f\u53bb\u4e86\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u5e2e\u52a9\u5723\u7ecf\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u56de\u6765\u5c31\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u5404\u5b97\u6d3e\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e8b\u5de5\u3002\u5357\u4eac\u91d1\u9675\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u66fe\u7ecf\u6709\u8fc7\u8d3e\u7389\u94ed\u7267\u5e08\uff0c\u4ed6\u6709\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u7684\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u5c5e\u65f6\u4ee3\u8bba\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u5c71\u4e1c\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u6ed5\u8fd1\u8f89\u7267\u5e08\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u5462\u53bb\u4e86\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u7684\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u8bfb\u5b8c\u795e\u5b66\u4e4b\u540e\u56de\u5230\u9999\u6e2f\u3002\u6700\u540e\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u5ba3\u9053\u4f1a\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5404\u5b97\u6d3e\u7684\u9886\u8896\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u8fd8\u6709\u4e0d\u8981\u5fd8\u8bb0\u53f8\u5f92\u96f7\u767b\uff0c\u7f8e\u5357\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u63d0\u62d4\u5218\u5ef7\u82b3\u535a\u58eb\u3002\u4e3b\u7f16\u7684\u300a\u666e\u5929\u9882\u8d5e\u300b\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u3001\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u3001\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u95f4\u63a5\u7684\u957f\u8fdc\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u662f\u9a6c\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u548c\u795e\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u6709\u5f88\u5bc6\u5207\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ece\u7b2c1750\u4e4b\u540e\u536b\u7406\u516c\u4f1a\u3001\u6d78\u4fe1\u4f1a\u6210\u957f\u7684\u5feb\uff0c\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\uff0c\u516c\u7406\u5b97\uff0c\u6539\u9769\u5b97\uff0c\u589e\u957f\u5f97\u6162\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u548c\u516c\u7406\u5b97\u548c\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u6ce8\u91cd\u4e00\u4e2a\u7267\u5e08\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u6709\u5927\u5b66\u672c\u79d1\u7684\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u4e09\u5e74\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6d78\u4fe1\u4f1a\u8ddf\u536b\u7406\u516c\u4f1a\u5462\u5c31\u6ce8\u91cd\u4e00\u79cd\u7684\u7fa4\u4f17\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5dee\u9063\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u4f20\u9053\u8bb2\u9053\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u51fa\u53bb\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5230\u4e861957\u5e74\uff0c\u5371\u5730\u9a6c\u62c9\uff08Guatemala\uff09\u5728\u4e2d\u7f8e\u6d32\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u5f00\u59cb\u601d\u8003\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u8ba9\u795e\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u53ef\u4ee5\u666e\u53ca\u5230\u4e2d\u7f8e\u6d32\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5728\u5c0f\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u7267\u5e08\u6216\u8005\u51c6\u7267\u5e08\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u5b50\u5c31\u5174\u8d77\u4e8620\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0b\u534a\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38\u795e\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\uff08Theological Education by Extension, TEE\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e00\u4f4d\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u62c9\u5c14\u592b\u6e29\u7279\uff08Ralph D. Winter\uff09\u6e29\u7279\u535a\u58eb\u57281974\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5927\u69821970\u523074\u5e74\u4e86\u4ed6\u521b\u65b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\u8bf4\u6211\u4eec\u591a\u5e74\u6765\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5462\u5ba3\u6559\u5de5\u573a\u662f\u4ee5\u56fd\u5bb6\u6765\u505a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u3002\u67d0\u67d0\u4eba\u53bb\u975e\u6d32\u4ec0\u4e48\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u54ea\u4e00\u7701\uff0c\u53bb\u5ba3\u6559\u3002\u6e29\u7279\u535a\u58eb\u5c31\u60f3\u901a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u5ba3\u6559\u5de5\u573a\u5e94\u8be5\u4ee5\u6587\u5316\u3001\u6c11\u65cf\u505a\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ee5\u56fd\u5bb6\u505a\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u3002\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u5f88\u591a\u7684\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u5462\u7b2c\u5341\u4e09\uff0c\u5230\u6211\u5728\u5a01\u654f\u65af\u7279\u76841970\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u8bfb\u4e66\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5462\u6709\u7b80\u548c\u57f9\u6559\u6388Harvie 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