{"id":15261,"date":"2026-02-01T08:11:39","date_gmt":"2026-02-01T00:11:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/?p=15261"},"modified":"2026-02-01T08:11:39","modified_gmt":"2026-02-01T00:11:39","slug":"%e6%9c%ab%e4%b8%96%e8%ae%ba_04_%e4%b8%aa%e4%ba%ba%e6%9c%ab%e4%b8%96%e8%ae%ba%ef%bc%88%e7%bb%ad%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/?p=15261","title":{"rendered":"\u672b\u4e16\u8bba_04_\u4e2a\u4eba\u672b\u4e16\u8bba\uff08\u7eed\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <style> #h5vp6a3e2fc347fa3 .h5vp_video_overlay{ top:10px; left:10px; } .popup_close_btn { display:none }.h5vp_player.popup_close .plyr { display:none }.h5vp_popup_wrapper.popup_close video { display:none }#h5vp6a3e2fc347fa3 video { max-width:100% }#h5vp6a3e2fc347fa3 { border-radius:0px }#h5vp6a3e2fc347fa3 { overflow:hidden }#h5vp6a3e2fc347fa3 .h5vp_video_overlay p { color:#fff }#h5vp6a3e2fc347fa3 .h5vp_video_overlay p { font-size:20px }#h5vp6a3e2fc347fa3 { width:100% }#h5vp6a3e2fc347fa3 .h5vp_popup svg { background:#1ABAFF }#h5vp6a3e2fc347fa3 .h5vp_video_overlay p:hover { color:#222 } <\/style>         <div>\r\n        <div data-unique-id=\"6a3e2fc348c62\" class=\"h5vp_player h5vp_player_initializer\" id=\"h5vp6a3e2fc347fa3\" data-settings='{&quot;options&quot;:{&quot;controls&quot;:{&quot;play-large&quot;:&quot;show&quot;,&quot;restart&quot;:&quot;mobile&quot;,&quot;rewind&quot;:&quot;mobile&quot;,&quot;play&quot;:&quot;show&quot;,&quot;fast-forward&quot;:&quot;mobile&quot;,&quot;progress&quot;:&quot;show&quot;,&quot;current-time&quot;:&quot;show&quot;,&quot;duration&quot;:&quot;show&quot;,&quot;mute&quot;:&quot;show&quot;,&quot;volume&quot;:&quot;show&quot;,&quot;captions&quot;:&quot;show&quot;,&quot;settings&quot;:&quot;show&quot;,&quot;pip&quot;:&quot;mobile&quot;,&quot;airplay&quot;:&quot;mobile&quot;,&quot;download&quot;:&quot;hide&quot;,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:&quot;show&quot;},&quot;tooltips&quot;:{&quot;controls&quot;:true,&quot;seek&quot;:true},&quot;seekTime&quot;:10,&quot;loop&quot;:{&quot;active&quot;:false},&quot;autoplay&quot;:false,&quot;muted&quot;:false,&quot;hideControls&quot;:true,&quot;resetOnEnd&quot;:true,&quot;captions&quot;:{&quot;active&quot;:true,&quot;update&quot;:true},&quot;ratio&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;ads&quot;:{&quot;enabled&quot;:false}},&quot;infos&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:15259,&quot;startTime&quot;:0,&quot;autoplayWhenVisible&quot;:false,&quot;popup&quot;:false,&quot;popupBtnExists&quot;:false,&quot;popupBtnClass&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sticky&quot;:false,&quot;stickyPosition&quot;:&quot;top-right&quot;,&quot;protected&quot;:false,&quot;video&quot;:{&quot;source&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/ccnci.org\\\/video\\\/\\u7cfb\\u7edf\\u795e\\u5b66\\\/\\u4f2f\\u514b\\u5bcc\\u7cfb\\u7edf\\u795e\\u5b66-7\\u672b\\u4e16\\u8bba\\\/\\u672b\\u4e16\\u8bba_04_\\u4e2a\\u4eba\\u672b\\u4e16\\u8bba\\uff08\\u7eed\\uff09\\\/playlist.m3u8&quot;,&quot;poster&quot;:false,&quot;quality&quot;:[],&quot;subtitle&quot;:[]},&quot;provider&quot;:&quot;library&quot;,&quot;branding&quot;:false,&quot;endScreen&quot;:{&quot;btnText&quot;:&quot;Watch Again&quot;},&quot;endscreen&quot;:false,&quot;endscreen_text&quot;:&quot;Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.&quot;,&quot;endscreen_text_link&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/&quot;,&quot;streaming&quot;:true,&quot;propagans&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;streamingType&quot;:&quot;hls&quot;,&quot;disableDownload&quot;:false,&quot;disablePause&quot;:false,&quot;thumbInPause&quot;:false,&quot;FYT&quot;:false,&quot;chapters&quot;:[],&quot;isCDURL&quot;:false,&quot;CDURL&quot;:false,&quot;watermark&quot;:{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;email&quot;,&quot;enabled&quot;:false,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;saveState&quot;:true,&quot;count&quot;:false,&quot;captionEnabled&quot;:false,&quot;analyticsEnabled&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;preload&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;}}' video-id=\"2351\" style=\"--plyr-color-main: #1ABAFF;\">\r\n            <div id=\"\" class=\"h5vp_wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t<!-- sticky close  -->\r\n\t\t\t<!-- <div class=\"sticky_close\">&times;<\/div> -->\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"popup_close_btn\">&times;<\/div>\r\n            <div class=\"h5vp_popup_overlay\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- for library  -->\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<video   data-poster=\"\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\tpreload=\"auto\"\r\n                                                            >\r\n                    <source src=\"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/video\/\u7cfb\u7edf\u795e\u5b66\/\u4f2f\u514b\u5bcc\u7cfb\u7edf\u795e\u5b66-7\u672b\u4e16\u8bba\/\u672b\u4e16\u8bba_04_\u4e2a\u4eba\u672b\u4e16\u8bba\uff08\u7eed\uff09\/playlist.m3u8\" size=\"720\" type=\"video\/mp4\"\/>\r\n                                        \r\n                    \t\t\t\t<\/video>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<!-- for youtube -->\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <style>\r\n .player15260  .plyr__controls,\r\n .player15260 .StampAudioPlayerSkin{\r\n  border-radius: 10px;\r\n  overflow: hidden;\r\n }\r\n .player15260{\r\n  margin: 0 auto; }\r\n .player15260 .plyr__controls .plyr__controls {\r\n   border-radius: none;\r\n   overflow: visible;\r\n }\r\n .skin_default .player15260 .plyr__controls {\r\n   overflow: visible;\r\n }\r\n <\/style>\r\n<div class=\"skin_default\" id=\"skin_default\">\r\n  <div style=\"width:100%;--plyr-color-bg:#333\" class=\"h5ap_standard_player player15260\" \r\n  data-poster=\"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/html5-audio-player-pro\/shortcode\/player\/sticky-default.jpg\" \r\n  data-skin=\"default\" \r\n  data-title=\"Audio Title\" \r\n  data-song=\"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/video\/\u7cfb\u7edf\u795e\u5b66\/\u4f2f\u514b\u5bcc\u7cfb\u7edf\u795e\u5b66-7\u672b\u4e16\u8bba\/\u672b\u4e16\u8bba_04_\u4e2a\u4eba\u672b\u4e16\u8bba\uff08\u7eed\uff09.mp3\" \r\n  data-id=\"15260\" \r\n  data-options='{&quot;controls&quot;:[&quot;play&quot;,&quot;progress&quot;,&quot;duration&quot;,&quot;mute&quot;,&quot;volume&quot;,&quot;settings&quot;],&quot;seekTime&quot;:10,&quot;skin&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Audio Title&quot;,&quot;author&quot;:&quot;Author Name&quot;,&quot;disableDownload&quot;:false,&quot;fusionDownload&quot;:true,&quot;color&quot;:&quot;#fff&quot;,&quot;background&quot;:&quot;#333&quot;,&quot;repeat&quot;:false,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;opt-1&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:false,&quot;muted&quot;:false,&quot;disablePause&quot;:false}'>\r\n    <audio  playsinline preload=\"auto\" class=\"player15260\" id=\"player15260\">\r\n      <source src=\"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/video\/\u7cfb\u7edf\u795e\u5b66\/\u4f2f\u514b\u5bcc\u7cfb\u7edf\u795e\u5b66-7\u672b\u4e16\u8bba\/\u672b\u4e16\u8bba_04_\u4e2a\u4eba\u672b\u4e16\u8bba\uff08\u7eed\uff09.mp3\" type=\"audio\/mp3\">\r\n        Your browser does not support the audio element.\r\n    <\/audio>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u672b\u4e16\u8bba_04 \u4e2a\u4eba\u672b\u4e16\u8bba\uff08\u7eed\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u8bb2\uff1a\u6797\u6148\u4fe1\u7267\u5e08_\u6821\u5bf9\uff1a\u5218\u52a0\u7acb\u5f1f\u5144_\u82f1\u6587\uff1a\u9648\u5f1f\u5144_\u4e2d\u6587\uff1a<u>\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u8363\u8000<\/u>\u5f1f\u5144<\/p>\n<p><strong>Doctrine of the last things<\/strong><strong>\uff0cSession<\/strong><strong> 4<\/strong><strong>\u672b\u4e16\u8bba\u7b2c\u56db\u8bb2<\/strong><strong>Chapter II. INDIVIDUAL ESCHATOLOGY<\/strong><strong>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0 \u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u672b\u4e16\u8bba<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>A.<\/strong><strong>The Nature of Physical Death.<\/strong><strong>\u8089\u4f53\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u4e0a\u4e00\u8bb2\u8bb2\u5230\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u7684\u7ecf\u6587\u5462\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\u9a6c\u592a\u798f\u97f3\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae028\u8282\u3001\u8def\u52a0\u798f\u97f3\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0\u7b2c4\u8282\uff0c\u90a3\u91cc\u8bf4\u5230\u7684\u662f\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7ee7\u7eed\u3002<\/p>\n<p>In other passages it is described as the termination of the psuche\uff08soul\uff09\uff0cthat is\uff0cof animal life or living\uff0cor as the loss of this\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u7ecf\u6587\u5462\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u662f\u7075\u9b42\u6216\u8005\u9b42\u7684\u5b97\u65e8\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6d3b\u7269\u7684\u751f\u547d\u7684\u7ec8\u6b62\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u518d\u6d3b\u7740\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u7ecf\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Matt. 2:20\uff0c\u9a6c\u592a\u798f\u97f3\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u7b2c20\u8282\uff1a\u201c\u8d77\u6765\uff01\u5e26\u7740\u5c0f\u5b69\u5b50\u548c\u4ed6\u6bcd\u4eb2\u5f80\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u5730\u53bb\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8981\u5bb3\u5c0f\u5b69\u5b50\u6027\u547d\u7684\u4eba\u5df2\u7ecf\u6b7b\u4e86\u3002\u201d\uff08\u6211\u4eec\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ffb\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u3002\uff09\u9a6c\u53ef\u798f\u97f3\u4e09\u7ae0\u7b2c4\u8282\uff1a\u53c8\u95ee\u4f17\u4eba\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5728\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u884c\u5584\u884c\u6076\uff0c\u6551\u547d\u5bb3\u547d\uff0c\u54ea\u6837\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u201d\u8def\u52a0\u798f\u97f3\u516d\u7ae0\u7b2c9\u8282\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u5730\uff0c\u5728\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u884c\u5584\u884c\u6076\uff0c\u6551\u547d\u5bb3\u547d\uff0c\u54ea\u6837\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u8def\u52a0\u798f\u97f3\u5341\u56db\u7ae026\u8282\uff1a\u4eba\u5230\u6211\u8fd9\u91cc\u6765\uff0c\u82e5\u4e0d\u7231\u6211\u80dc\u8fc7\u7231\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u3001\u59bb\u5b50\u3001\u513f\u5973\u3001\u5f1f\u5144\u3001\u59d0\u59b9\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6027\u547d\uff0c\u90a3\u6027\u547d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u5462\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u9b42\u201d\u662f\u201cpsuche\u201d\u90a3\u4e2a\u5b57\u3002\u7ea6\u7ff0\u798f\u97f3\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae025\u8282\uff1a\u7231\u60dc\u81ea\u5df1\u751f\u547d\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u5931\u4e27\u751f\u547d\uff1b\u2026\u2026\u3002\u201c\u751f\u547d\u201d\uff0c\u201cpsuche\u201d\u3002\u751f\u547d\u7684\u7ec8\u6b62\u5c31\u662f\u6b7b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ea6\u7ff0\u798f\u97f3\u5341\u4e09\u7ae037\u300138\u8282\uff1a\u5f7c\u5f97\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4e3b\u554a\uff0c\u6211\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u73b0\u5728\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ddf\u4f60\u53bb\uff1f\u6211\u613f\u610f\u4e3a\u4f60\u820d\u547d\u3002\u201d\u2026\u2026\u201c\u820d\u547d\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u653e\u4e0b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u201cpsuche\u201d\uff08\u6027\u547d\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u5f92\u884c\u4f20\u5341\u4e94\u7ae026\u8282\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e8c\u4eba\u662f\u4e3a\u6211\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u540d\u4e0d\u987e\u6027\u547d\u7684\u3002\u201crisked their lives\u201d\u5192\u9669\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6027\u547d\u6216\u8005\u9b42\u201cpsuche\u201d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u5f92\u884c\u4f20\u4e8c\u5341\u7ae024\u8282\uff1a\u6211\u5374\u4e0d\u4ee5\u6027\u547d\u4e3a\u5ff5\uff0c\u2026\u2026\u3002\u201c\u6027\u547d\u4e3a\u5ff5\u201d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u7075\u9b42\u4f53\u90a3\u4e2a\u201c\u9b42\u201d\u5462\uff0c\u201c\u7075\u201d\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u554a\uff1b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u5728\u5723\u7ecf\u91cc\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u3002\u201c\u9b42\u201d\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6307\u201c\u547d\u201d\u3001\u201c\u6027\u547d\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u770b\u5230\u5723\u7ecf\u6709\u4e9b\u7684\u7ecf\u6587\u662f\u8bb2\u201c\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u6b7b\u201d\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u7ecf\u6587\u662f\u8bb2\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u547d\u201d\u548c\u201c\u9b42\u201d\u7684\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002finally\uff0cit is also represented as a separation of body and soul\uff0c\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6b7b\u4e5f\u662f\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u8eab\u4f53\u8ddf\u7075\u9b42\u7684\u5206\u5f00\uff0cEccl. 12:7\u4f20\u9053\u4e66\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0\u7b2c7\u8282\uff1a\u5c18\u571f\u4ecd\u5f52\u4e8e\u5730\uff0c\u7075\u6216\u8005\u9b42\u4ecd\u5f52\u4e8e\u8d50\u7075\u7684\u795e\u3002comp. Gen. 2:7\u6bd4\u8f83\u521b\u4e16\u8bb0\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u7b2c7\u8282\u3002\u8fd8\u6709Jas. 2:26\uff0c\u96c5\u5404\u4e66\u4e8c\u7ae026\u8282\uff1a\u8eab\u4f53\u6ca1\u6709\u7075\u9b42\u662f\u6b7b\u7684\u3002an idea that is also basic to such passages\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u5462\uff0c\u5bf9\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u7ecf\u6587\u662f\u5f88\u57fa\u7840\u6027\u7684\uff0csuch as John 19:30\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7ea6\u7ff0\u798f\u97f3\u5341\u4e5d\u7ae0\u7b2c30\u8282\uff1a\u8036\u7a23\u5c1d\u4e86\u90a3\u918b\uff0c\u5c31\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6210\u4e86\uff01\u201d\u4fbf\u4f4e\u4e0b\u5934\uff0c\u5c06\u7075\u9b42\u4ea4\u4ed8\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Acts 7:59\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f92\u884c\u4f20\u4e03\u7ae059\u8282\uff1a\u4ed6\u4eec\u6b63\u7528\u77f3\u5934\u6253\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53f8\u63d0\u53cd\u547c\u5401\u4e3b\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6c42\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u63a5\u6536\u6211\u7684\u7075\u9b42\uff01\u201d\u8153\u7acb\u6bd4\u4e66\u4e00\u7ae023\u8282\u4fdd\u7f57\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u4e24\u96be\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u60c5\u613f\u79bb\u4e16\u4e0e\u57fa\u7763\u540c\u5728\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u597d\u5f97\u65e0\u6bd4\u7684\u3002Cf. also the use of exodus \u53e6\u5916\u5c31\u662f\u79bb\u5f00\u3001\u51fa\u53bb\u8fd9\u79cd\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3002in Luke 9:31\uff0c\u5728\u8def\u52a0\u798f\u97f3\u4e5d\u7ae031\u8282\uff1a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u8363\u5149\u91cc\u663e\u73b0\uff0c\u8c08\u8bba\u8036\u7a23\u53bb\u4e16\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u2026\u2026 \u201cdeparture\u201d\uff08\u79bb\u5f00\uff09\uff0c\u8c08\u8bba\u8036\u7a23\u79bb\u5f00\u7684\u4e8b\u3002II Pet. 1:15\uff0c16\uff0c\u5f7c\u5f97\u540e\u4e66\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u4ece\u7b2c15\u8282\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5f7c\u5f97\u8bf4\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6211\u8981\u5c3d\u5fc3\u7aed\u529b\uff0c\u4f7f\u4f60\u4eec\u5728\u6211\u53bb\u201cdeparture\u201d\u53bb\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u201c\u53bb\u4e16\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>In view of all this\u6211\u4eec\u9274\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u7ecf\u6587\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff0cit may be said that\uff0caccording to Scripture\uff0cphysical death is a termination of physical life by the separation of body and soul.\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5723\u7ecf\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u5462\uff0c\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u8089\u4f53\u7684\u751f\u547d\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u501f\u7740\u8eab\u4f53\u8ddf\u7075\u9b42\u7684\u5206\u5f00\u8089\u4f53\u7684\u751f\u547d\u201cphysical life\u201d\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u3002It is never an annihilation\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4ece\u6765\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u706d\u7edd\uff0cthough some sects represent the death of the wicked as such.\u867d\u7136\u6709\u4e9b\u7684\u65c1\u95e8\u6559\u6d3e\u8bf4\uff0c\u6076\u4eba\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5c31\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u706d\u7edd\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>God does not annihilate anything in His creation.\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5728\u4ed6\u6240\u521b\u9020\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u91cc\u9762\u4ece\u6765\u4e0d\u706d\u7edd\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u7684\u3002Death is not a cessation of existence\uff0c\u6b7b\u4e0d\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7ec8\u6b62\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4eba\u6b7b\u4e0d\u662f\u706f\u706d\u554a\uff0cbut a severance of the natural relations of life.\u4e43\u662f\u628a\u751f\u547d\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5206\u5f00\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8eab\u4f53\u8ddf\u7075\u9b42\u5206\u5f00\u4e86\u3002Life and death are not opposed to each other as existence and non-existence\uff0c\u751f\u4e0e\u6b7b\u662f\u76f8\u53cd\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5982\u5b58\u5728\u8ddf\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u76f8\u53cd\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u7684\uff01but are opposites only as different modes of existence.\u751f\u548c\u6b7b\u662f\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u5f62\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<p>It is quite impossible to say exactly what death is.\u90a3\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u5927\u6982\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u8bf4\u6e05\u695a\u3002We speak of it as the cessation of physical life\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5c31\u662f\u8089\u4f53\u751f\u547d\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\uff0cbut then the question immediately arises\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9a6c\u4e0a\u5c31\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0cJust what is life?\u90a3\u4e48\u751f\u547d\u53c8\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\u5462\uff1fAnd we have no answer.\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u3002We do not know what life is in its essential being\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u751f\u547d\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\uff0cbut know it only in its relations and actions.\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u548c\u751f\u547d\u6240\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>And experience teaches us that\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\uff0cwhere these are severed and cease\uff0cdeath enters.\u5f53\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5206\u5f00\u4e86\u3001\u505c\u6b62\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5c31\u6765\u5230\u4e86\u3002Death means a break in the natural relations of life.\u6b7b\u4ea1\u610f\u5473\u7740\u751f\u547d\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u9694\u7edd\u3002It may be said that sin is per se death\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u7f6a\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u6b7b\uff0cbecause it represents a break in the vital relation in which man\uff0cas created in the image of God\uff0cstands to his Maker.\u56e0\u4e3a\u6b7b\u662f\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5173\u7cfb\u91cc\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u5206\u9694\uff0c\u4eba\u662f\u6309\u7167\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5f62\u8c61\u9020\u7684\uff0c\u4eba\u4e0e\u4ed6\u7684\u521b\u9020\u4e3b\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u751f\u547d\u4e0a\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u751f\u547d\u7834\u88c2\u4e86\u3001\u6bc1\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u6b7b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672a\u7ecf\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u8bf7\u52ff\u64c5\u81ea\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u7f51\u7ad9\u6216\u5e73\u53f0\u8f6c\u8f7d\u548c\u520a\u767b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\uff1b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\u7684\u7248\u6743\u5f52\u300c\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u300d\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u590d\u5370\u51fa\u7248\u7b49\u5546\u4e1a\u7528\u9014\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u534e\u7f51\u7edc\u5723\u7ea6\u5b66\u9662ccnci.org\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u5723\u7ea6\u5b66\u9662HorizonCovenant@gmail.com\uff08PayPal\uff09<\/p>\n<p>It means the loss of that image\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u90a3\u4e2a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u7684\u5931\u53bb\uff0cand consequently disturbs all the relations of life. \u7ed3\u679c\u5462\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5c31\u5e72\u6270\u5230\u6240\u6709\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002This break is also carried through in that separation of body and soul which is called physical death.\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5206\u9694\u5462\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5728\u8089\u4f53\u7684\u6b7b\u91cc\u9762\u7684\uff0c\u7075\u9b42\u8ddf\u8eab\u4f53\u5206\u5f00\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>B.<\/strong><strong>The Connection of Sin and Death.<\/strong><strong>\u7f6a\u548c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u5173\u8fde\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pelagians and Socinians\u4f2f\u62c9\u7ea0\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u548c\u82cf\u897f\u5c3c\u6d3e\uff0c\u4f2f\u62c9\u7ea0\u5c31\u662f\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u9760\u81ea\u5df1\u884c\u5584\u5f97\u6551\uff0c\u82cf\u897f\u5c3c\u662f\u4e0d\u76f8\u4fe1\u201c\u4e09\u4f4d\u4e00\u4f53\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u662f16\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u6559\u6d3e\u3002Pelagians and Socinians teach that man was created mortal\uff0c\u4f2f\u62c9\u7ea0\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u548c\u82cf\u897f\u5c3c\u6d3e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6559\u5bfc\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4eba\u88ab\u9020\u5c31\u662f\u5fc5\u6b7b\u7684\uff0cnot merely in the sense that he could fall a prey to death\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u4fb5\u7565\u8005\uff0cbut in the sense that he was\uff0cin virtue of his creation\uff0cunder the law of death\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u610f\u601d\u4e43\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u662f\u88ab\u9020\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5462\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u662f\u88ab\u9020\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u670d\u5728\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u5f8b\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0cand in course of time was bound to die. \u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u5462\uff0c\u4eba\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u4f1a\u6b7b\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>This means that Adam was not only susceptible to death\uff0cbut was actually subject to it before he fell. \u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u4e9a\u5f53\u5815\u843d\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u5355\u5355\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u5bb9\u6613\u4f1a\u6b7b\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e9a\u5f53\u5815\u843d\u4e4b\u524d\u5462\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u670d\u5728\u6b7b\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002The advocates of this view were prompted primarily by the desire to evade the proof for original sin derived from the suffering and death of infants.\u8fd9\u4e9b\u652f\u6301\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u4eba\u5462\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u8981\u907f\u5f00\u539f\u7f6a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u539f\u7f6a\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bc1\u636e\u5462\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u5a74\u5b69\u7684\u53d7\u82e6\u548c\u6b7b\uff0c\u5a74\u5b69\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53d7\u82e6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6b7b\uff0c\u5c31\u8bc1\u660e\u539f\u7f6a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8981\u907f\u5f00\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4e0d\u76f8\u4fe1\u539f\u7f6a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Present day science\u4eca\u592920\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\uff0cseems to support this position\u597d\u50cf\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7acb\u573a\u7684\uff0cby stressing the fact that death is the law of organized matter\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u6b7b\u5c31\u662f\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0csince it carries within it the seed of decay and dissolution.\u56e0\u4e3a\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u5462\uff0c\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u6709\u7740\u8150\u70c2\u548c\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u79cd\u5b50\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5b83\u6709\u90a3\u79cd\u7684\u8150\u70c2\u3001\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u7684\u6f5c\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u521a\u624d\uff0c\u6211\u8bf420\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u4f2f\u514b\u5bcc\u5199\u7cfb\u7edf\u795e\u5b66\u662f1928\u52301938\u5e74\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\u3002\u5230\u4e8690\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u4eca\u5929\u5462\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u66f4\u52a0\u662f\u5f3a\u8c03\u8fd9\u4e2a\uff0c\u7269\u8d28\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u6709\u90a3\u4e2a\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3001\u8150\u70c2\u7684\u503e\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Some of the early Church Fathers\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u6559\u7236\uff0cand some later theologians\uff0csuch as Warburton and Laidlaw\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u540e\u671f\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4Warburton and Laidlaw\uff0ctake the position that\u4ed6\u4eec\u91c7\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7acb\u573a\uff0cAdam was indeed created mortal\uff0cthat is\uff0csubject to the law of dissolution\uff0c\u4e9a\u5f53\uff0c\u8bda\u7136\u7684\u662f\u5fc5\u6b7b\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u9020\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5fc5\u6b7b\u7684\u3002\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u670d\u5728\u90a3\u4e2a\u4f1a\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u5b9a\u5f8b\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0cbut that the law was effective in his case only because he sinned.\u53ef\u662f\u5462\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u72af\u4e86\u7f6a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8eab\u4e0a\u5462\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9a\u5f8b\u5c31\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<p>If he had proved himself to be obedient\u5047\u5982\u4e9a\u5f53\u8bc1\u660e\u4ed6\u662f\u987a\u670d\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8bdd\u5462\uff0che would have been exalted to a state of immortality.\u4ed6\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u9ad8\u4e3e\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u673d\u3001\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6b7b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002His sin brought about no change in his constitutional being in this respect\uff0c\u4ed6\u72af\u4e86\u7f6a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u4ed6\u6784\u6210\u4ed6\u672c\u8eab\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u65b9\u9762\u5462\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5e26\u6765\u6539\u53d8\uff0cbut under the sentence of God left him subject to the law of death\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u4ed6\u662f\u670d\u5728\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5b9a\u7f6a\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5462\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u670d\u5728\u6b7b\u7684\u5b9a\u5f8b\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0cand robbed him of the boon of immortality\uff0c\u5728\u6c38\u751f\u91cc\u5404\u79cd\u7684\u798f\u4efd\u5c31\u4ece\u4ed6\u8eab\u4e0a\u5c31\u593a\u53bb\u4e86\uff0cwhich he might have had without experiencing death.\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u7ecf\u5386\u6b7b\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6c38\u751f\u7684\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u90fd\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>On this view\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5c31\u662fLaidlaw\u3001Warburton\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0cthe actual entrance of death\uff0cof course\uff0cremains penal.\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u6b7b\u5177\u4f53\u5730\u8fdb\u5165\u5230\u4eba\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u60e9\u7f5a\u3002It is a view which might be made to fit in very well with the supralapsarian position\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c2\u70b9\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u5815\u843d\u524d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u5f88\u7b26\u5408\uff0cbut is not demanded by this.\u53ef\u662f\u5462\uff0c\u5815\u843d\u524d\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0d\u5fc5\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u6709\u8fd9\u79cd\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u6b7b\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002In reality this theory merely seeks to square the facts\uff0cas they are revealed in the Word of God\uff0cwith the dicta of science\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8981\u5c06\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8bdd\u91cc\u542f\u793a\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u628a\u5b83\u7b26\u5408\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<p>but even these do not make it imperative.\u4f46\u662f\u5c31\u7b97\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5fc5\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u7528\u5723\u7ecf\u8fd9\u6837\u5b50\u6765\u7b26\u5408\u5b83\u3002Suppose that science had proved conclusively that death reigned in the vegetable and animal world before the entrance of sin\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5047\u8bbe\u79d1\u5b66\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u7edd\u5bf9\u5730\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5728\u7f6a\u8fdb\u5165\u4e16\u754c\u4e4b\u524d\u5462\uff0c\u5728\u52a8\u7269\u8ddf\u690d\u7269\u754c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u505a\u738b\u4e86\uff0cthen it would not yet necessarily follow that it also prevailed in the world of rational and moral beings.\u53ef\u662f\u5462\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5728\u6709\u7406\u6027\u3001\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u7269\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4eba\u548c\u5929\u4f7f\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5f97\u80dc\u3002\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\uff01And even if it were established beyond the shadow of a doubt that all physical organisms\uff0cthe human included\uff0cnow carry within them the seeds of dissolution\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\u5730\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5305\u62ec\u4eba\u548c\u5929\u4f7f\u5462\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8eab\u4e0a\u6709\u7740\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u79cd\u5b50\uff0c\u6709\u7740\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u6f5c\u8d28\uff0cthis would not yet prove that man was not an exception to the rule before the fall. \u8fd8\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u4eba\u5728\u5815\u843d\u4e4b\u524d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5916\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Shall we say that the almighty power of God\uff0cby which the universe was created\uff0cwas not sufficient to continue man in life indefinitely?\u6211\u4eec\u5c82\u4f1a\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\u5462\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c82\u80fd\u8bf4\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5927\u80fd\u3001\u5168\u80fd\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u501f\u7740\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5927\u80fd\u521b\u9020\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u8db3\u591f\u4f7f\u4eba\u65e0\u9650\u5236\u5730\u5728\u751f\u547d\u4e2d\u5ef6\u7eed\u4e0b\u53bb\u5462\uff1fMoreover we ought to bear in mind the following Scriptural data:\u4e0d\u4f46\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u8bb0\u5f97\u4e0b\u9762\u51e0\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5723\u7ecf\u7684\u8d44\u6599\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\uff081\uff09\u7b2c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0cMan was created in the image of God\u4eba\u662f\u6309\u7167\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u88ab\u9020\u7684\u3002and this\uff0cin view of the perfect condition in which the image of God existed originally\uff0cwould seem to exclude the possibility of his carrying within him the seeds of dissolution and mortality.\u90a3\u65e2\u7136\u5462\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5f62\u50cf\uff0c\u539f\u6765\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u79cd\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u7455\u75b5\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u5fc5\u987b\u6392\u9664\u4eba\u5728\u4ed6\u8eab\u4e0a\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5206\u89e3\u8ddf\u5fc5\u6b7b\u7684\u79cd\u5b50\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff082\uff09\u7b2c\u4e8c\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5723\u7ecf\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u3002Physical death is not represented in Scripture as the natural result of the continuation of the original condition of man\uff0c\u5728\u5723\u7ecf\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4eba\u539f\u6765\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6301\u7eed\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002due to his failure to rise to the height of immortality by the path of obedience; \u90a3\u4e2a\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u5931\u8d25\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u63d0\u5347\u5230\u6c38\u751f\u3001\u6c38\u5b58\u90a3\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ed6\u56e0\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u5730\u987a\u670d\uff0c\u5728\u987a\u670d\u7684\u9053\u8def\u4e0a\u4ed6\u5931\u8d25\u4e86\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u8fbe\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0d\u673d\u7684\u9ad8\u5904\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5462\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u7684\uff0c\u4eba\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u539f\u6765\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d\u7ee7\u7eed\u5c31\u662f\u4e86\u3002Rom. 6:23 and 5:21\u7f57\u9a6c\u4e66\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae023\u8282\uff1a\u7f6a\u7684\u5de5\u4ef7\u4e43\u662f\u6b7b\uff1b\u7f57\u9a6c\u4e66\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae021\u8282\uff1a\u7f6a\u4f5c\u738b\u53eb\u4eba\u6b7b\uff1bI Cor. 15:56;\u6b7b\u7684\u6bd2\u94a9\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7f6a\uff0c\u7f6a\u7684\u6743\u52bf\u5c31\u662f\u5f8b\u6cd5\u3002Jas. 1:15\u96c5\u5404\u4e66\u4e00\u7ae015\u8282\uff1a\u7f6a\u65e2\u957f\u6210\u5c31\u751f\u51fa\u6b7b\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff083\uff09\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5723\u7ecf\u8d44\u6599\u3002Scriptural expressions certainly point to death as something introduced into the world of humanity by sin\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5723\u7ecf\u8d44\u6599\uff1a\u5723\u7ecf\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\u80af\u5b9a\u5730\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f6a\u7684\u7f18\u6545\u8fdb\u5165\u5230\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u7684\uff0cand as a positive punishment for sin\uff0c\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6b63\u9762\u5730\u5bf9\u7f6a\u6240\u5b9e\u884c\u7684\u5211\u7f5a\u3002Gen. 2:17\uff0c\u521b\u4e16\u8bb0\u4e8c\u7ae017\u8282\uff1a\u5206\u522b\u5584\u6076\u6811\u4e0a\u7684\u679c\u5b50\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u53ef\u5403\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f60\u5403\u7684\u65e5\u5b50\u5fc5\u5b9a\u6b7b\uff1b3:19\uff0c\u521b\u4e16\u8bb0\u4e09\u7ae019\u8282\uff1a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5bf9\u4e9a\u5f53\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u6c57\u6d41\u6ee1\u9762\u624d\u5f97\u7cca\u53e3\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4f60\u5f52\u4e86\u571f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f60\u662f\u4ece\u571f\u800c\u51fa\u7684\u3002\u4f60\u672c\u662f\u5c18\u571f\uff0c\u4ecd\u8981\u5f52\u4e8e\u5c18\u571f\u3002Rom. 5:12\uff0c17\uff0c\u7f57\u9a6c\u4e66\u4e94\u7ae012\u300117\u8282\uff1a\u7f6a\u662f\u4ece\u4e00\u4eba\u5165\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u6b7b\u53c8\u662f\u4ece\u7f6a\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u6b7b\u5c31\u4e34\u5230\u4f17\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f17\u4eba\u90fd\u72af\u4e86\u7f6a\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u4f17\u4eba\u90fd\u72af\u4e86\u4e9a\u5f53\u7684\u7f6a\uff0c\u627f\u62c5\u4e86\u4e9a\u5f53\u72af\u7f6a\u7684\u7f6a\u5b7d\u300217\u8282\uff1a\u82e5\u4e00\u4eba\u7684\u8fc7\u72af\uff0c\u6b7b\u5c31\u56e0\u8fd9\u4e00\u4eba\u4f5c\u4e86\u738b\uff0c\u4f55\u51b5\u90a3\u4e9b\u53d7\u6d2a\u6069\u53c8\u8499\u6240\u8d50\u4e4b\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u5c82\u4e0d\u8981\u56e0\u8036\u7a23\u57fa\u7763\u4e00\u4eba\u5728\u751f\u547d\u4e2d\u4f5c\u738b\u5417\uff1f\u7f57\u9a6c\u4e666\u7ae023\u8282\uff1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f6a\u7684\u5de5\u4ef7\u4e43\u662f\u6b7b\u3002\u54e5\u6797\u591a\u524d\u4e6615\u7ae021\u8282\uff1a\u6b7b\u65e2\u662f\u56e0\u4e00\u4eba\u800c\u4f86\uff0c\u6b7b\u4eba\u5fa9\u6d3b\u4e5f\u662f\u56e0\u4e00\u4eba\u800c\u4f86\u3002Jas. 1:15\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u96c5\u5404\u4e66\u4e00\u7ae0\u7b2c15\u8282\uff1a\u7f6a\u65e2\u957f\u6210\uff0c\u5c31\u751f\u51fa\u6b7b\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff084\uff09\u7b2c\u56db\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5723\u7ecf\u8d44\u6599\u3002Death is not represented as something natural in the life of man\uff0ca mere falling short of an ideal\uff0c\u5728\u5723\u7ecf\u91cc\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u547d\u4e2d\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5462\uff0c\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u8fbe\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u60f3\u72b6\u6001\u800c\u5df2\uff0cbut very decidedly as something foreign and hostile to human life:\u5f88\u663e\u8457\u5730\u5728\u5723\u7ecf\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u6b7b\u5bf9\u4eba\u7684\u6027\u547d\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u5916\u52a0\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u5b58\u6709\u654c\u610f\u7684\uff0cit is an expression of divine anger\uff0c\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u6124\u6012\u3002Ps. 90:7\uff0c11\uff0c\u8bd7\u7bc7\u4e5d\u5341\u7bc7\u7b2c7\u300111\u8282\uff0c\u7b2c7\u8282\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u56e0\u4f60\u7684\u6012\u6c14\u800c\u6d88\u706d\uff0c\u56e0\u4f60\u7684\u6124\u6012\u800c\u60ca\u614c\uff1b\u7b2c11\u8282\uff1a\u8c01\u6653\u5f97\u4f60\u6012\u6c14\u7684\u6743\u52bf\uff0c\u8c01\u6309\u7740\u4f60\u8be5\u53d7\u7684\u656c\u754f\u6653\u5f97\u4f60\u7684\u5fff\u6012\u5462\uff1fa judgment\uff0c\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\uff0c\u7f57\u9a6c\u4e66\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae032\u8282\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u867d\u77e5\u9053\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5224\u5b9a\u884c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e8b\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u5f53\u6b7b\u7684\uff1ba condemnation\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5492\u8bc5\u3001\u5b9a\u7f6a\uff0c\u7f57\u9a6c\u4e66\u4e94\u7ae016\u8282\uff1a\u56e0\u4e00\u4eba\u72af\u7f6a\u5c31\u5b9a\u7f6a\uff1band a curse\u8fd8\u6709\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5492\u8bc5\uff0c\u52a0\u62c9\u592a\u4e66\u4e09\u7ae013\u8282\uff1a\u57fa\u7763\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u53d7\u4e86\u5492\u8bc5\u3002and fills the hearts of the children of men with dread and fear\uff0cjust because it is felt to be something unnatural.\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6b7b\u4ea1\u662f\u4e0d\u81ea\u7136\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ee4\u4eba\u7c7b\u5145\u6ee1\u7740\u754f\u60e7\u3002All this does not mean\uff0chowever\uff0cthat there may not have been death in some sense of the word in the lower creation apart from sin\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6ca1\u6709\u6392\u9664\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u52a8\u690d\u7269\u4e16\u754c\u91cc\u9762\u5462\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u662f\u4e0e\u7f6a\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>but even there the entrance of sin evidently brought a bondage of corruption that was foreign to the 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