{"id":14447,"date":"2025-10-10T08:21:38","date_gmt":"2025-10-10T08:21:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/?p=14447"},"modified":"2025-10-10T08:21:38","modified_gmt":"2025-10-10T08:21:38","slug":"%e7%a5%9e%e5%ad%a6%e5%af%bc%e8%ae%ba2_42_%e4%ba%ba%e7%9a%84%e8%87%aa%e4%b8%bb%e3%80%81%e5%ba%b7%e5%be%b7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/?p=14447","title":{"rendered":"\u795e\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba2_42_\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u3001\u5eb7\u5fb7"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>\r\n .player14446  .plyr__controls,\r\n .player14446 .StampAudioPlayerSkin{\r\n  border-radius: 10px;\r\n  overflow: hidden;\r\n }\r\n .player14446{\r\n  margin: 0 auto; }\r\n .player14446 .plyr__controls .plyr__controls {\r\n   border-radius: none;\r\n   overflow: visible;\r\n }\r\n .skin_default .player14446 .plyr__controls {\r\n   overflow: visible;\r\n }\r\n <\/style>\r\n<div class=\"skin_default\" id=\"skin_default\">\r\n  <div style=\"width:100%;--plyr-color-bg:#333\" class=\"h5ap_standard_player player14446\" \r\n  data-poster=\"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/html5-audio-player-pro\/shortcode\/player\/sticky-default.jpg\" \r\n  data-skin=\"default\" \r\n  data-title=\"Audio Title\" \r\n  data-song=\"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/video\/\u8bc1\u4e66\u8bfe\u7a0b\/2010_\u795e\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\/\u795e\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba2_42_\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u3001\u5eb7\u5fb7.mp3\" \r\n  data-id=\"14446\" \r\n  data-options='{&quot;controls&quot;:[&quot;play&quot;,&quot;progress&quot;,&quot;duration&quot;,&quot;mute&quot;,&quot;volume&quot;,&quot;settings&quot;],&quot;seekTime&quot;:10,&quot;skin&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Audio Title&quot;,&quot;author&quot;:&quot;Author Name&quot;,&quot;disableDownload&quot;:false,&quot;fusionDownload&quot;:true,&quot;color&quot;:&quot;#fff&quot;,&quot;background&quot;:&quot;#333&quot;,&quot;repeat&quot;:false,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;opt-1&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:false,&quot;muted&quot;:false,&quot;disablePause&quot;:false}'>\r\n    <audio  playsinline preload=\"auto\" class=\"player14446\" id=\"player14446\">\r\n      <source src=\"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/video\/\u8bc1\u4e66\u8bfe\u7a0b\/2010_\u795e\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\/\u795e\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba2_42_\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u3001\u5eb7\u5fb7.mp3\" type=\"audio\/mp3\">\r\n        Your browser does not support the audio element.\r\n    <\/audio>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n<p>\u300a\u795e\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u7b2c\u56db\u5341\u4e8c\u8bb2\u7b2c27\u8bfe \u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u795e\u5b66\u4e0e\u65b0\u6b63\u7edf\u795e\u5b66<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u8bb2\uff1a\u6797\u6148\u4fe1\u7267\u5e08_\u6821\u5bf9\uff1a\u5218\u52a0\u7acb\u5f1f\u5144_\u82f1\u6587\uff1a\u8042\u59d0\u59b9_\u4e2d\u6587\uff1a\u51dd\u9999\u767e\u5408<\/p>\n<p>\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u7ee7\u7eed\u8bb2\u7b2c27\u8bfe\uff0c76\u9875\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5927\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bb2\u5230\u4e2d\u53e4\u65f6\u671f\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\uff0c\u5e26\u6765\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u771f\u795e\u7684\u90a3\u4e2aUltimate Reality\uff0c\u90a3\u4e2a\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\uff0c\u4e43\u662fform\u3001idea\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662fthe Good God\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u53e4\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u963f\u594e\u90a3\uff08Aquinas\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u628a Aristotle\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5e26\u8fdb\u5230\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u6765\u6df7\u5408\u4e86\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7ed3\u679c\u5462\uff0c\u4ed6\u9ad8\u4e3e\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u8bc6\u795e\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bc1\u660e\u795e\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u963f\u594e\u90a3\uff08Aquinas\uff09\u5c31\u5f52\u7eb3\u4e86\u4e94\u79cd\u7684\u8bc1\u660e\u795e\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8bba\u636e\uff0c\u4f60\u542c\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e94\u79cd\u5417\uff1f\u6211\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u6ca1\u6709\u8bb2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u8bb2\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u6700\u96be\u61c2\u7684\u90a3\u4e2aontological argument for the existence of God\u4ece\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u795e\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0d\u662f\u963f\u594e\u90a3\u60f3\u51fa\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u8868\u8fbe\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u662fAnselm\u5b89\u745f\u4f26\uff08\u7ea6\u745f\u7684\u201c\u745f\u201d\uff09\uff0cAnselm\uff0cthe ontological argument for the existence of God\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\uff081\uff09Conceive of a being\uff0cgreater than which nothing can be conceived.\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u4f60\u8981\u5199\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u90fd\u662f\u4ece\u8fd9\u91cc\u53d8\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u54c8\u3002Conceive of a being, \u4f60\u8981\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u5728\u7269\u6216\u5b58\u6709\u8005\uff0cgreater than which nothing can be conceived.\u4f60\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u60f3\u8c61\u6bd4\u5b83\u66f4\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u7269\u7684\u3002\u6211\u518d\u8bf4\u4e00\u6b21\u554a\uff0c\u4f60\u8981\u60f3\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u6709\u8005\u6216\u8005\u5b58\u5728\u7269Conceive of a being\uff0cconceive something that exists, in other words, greater than which nothing can be conceived.\u4eba\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u518d\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u5b83\u66f4\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u7269\uff0cConceive of a being\uff0cgreater than which nothing can be conceived.\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff082\uff09that being\uff0c greater than which nothing can be conceived\uff0cexists now in your mind.\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b58\u6709\u7269\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u60f3\u8c61\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u60f3\u8c61\u4e3a\u6bd4\u5b83\u66f4\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u73b0\u5728\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff083\uff09But if the being\uff0cgreater than which nothing can be conceived\uff0c exists only in your mind\uff0cand not in the real world, outside world\uff0cthen it is NOT the being\uff0c greater than which nothing can be conceived.\u5047\u5982\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b58\u5728\u7269\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u6bd4\u5b83\u66f4\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u5462\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u5916\u754c\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u518d\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u5b83\u66f4\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u6700\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u54af\u3002Because, the being\uff0cgreater than which nothing can be conceived\uff0cmust exist in your mind and exist in the outside world.\u56e0\u4e3a\u90a3\u4e2a\u5b58\u5728\u7269\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u6bd4\u5b83\u66f4\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u771f\u90a3\u4e48\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u53c8\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u601d\u60f3\u91cc\uff0c\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u5916\u754c\uff0c\u624d\u7b97\u662f\u6700\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u561b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff084\uff09Therefore, the being exists\uff0cgreater than which nothing can be conceived\uff0c which exists in the mind and in the outside world.\u6240\u4ee5\u5b87\u5b99\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u60f3\u8c61\u4e3a\u6bd4\u5b83\u66f4\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u8fd9\u53c8\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u53c8\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u5916\u754c\u7684\u3002\uff08\u521a\u624d\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u7b2c\u56db\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\uff085\uff09Therefore, God exists.\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5b58\u5728\u54af\u3002\u8bb2\u5b8c\u5566\uff0c\u54e6\uff1f\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8bb2\u5230\u4e24\u4e09\u6b21\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u518d\u6765\u8bb2\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e94\u70b9\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0cConceive of a being\uff0c\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u6709\u7269\uff0cgreater than which nothing can be conceived.\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e1c\u897f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u60f3\u8c61\u4e3a\u6bd4\u5b83\u66f4\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0cthat being\uff0cgreater than which nothing can be conceived\uff0cexists in your mind.\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b58\u6709\u7269\uff0d\u5c31\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u60f3\u8c61\u4e3a\u6bd4\u5b83\u66f4\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u91cc\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0cBut if the being\uff0cgreater than which nothing can be conceived\uff0c exists only in your mind\uff0c and not in the world, outside world\uff0c then it is NOT the being\uff0c greater than which nothing can be conceived.\u5047\u5982\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b58\u5728\u7269\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u60f3\u8c61\u5f97\u6bd4\u5b83\u66f4\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u5916\u754c\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u5b83\u66f4\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u6700\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u54af\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Because the being\uff0cgreater than which nothing can be conceived\uff0cmust exist both in your mind and in the outside world.\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b87\u5b99\u91cc\u9762\u90a3\u4e2a\u6700\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u88ab\u60f3\u8c61\u4e3a\u6bd4\u5b83\u66f4\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u53c8\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u5916\u754c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u56db\uff0cTherefore, the being exists\uff0c greater than which nothing can be conceive\uff0c which exists in your mind and in the outside world.\u6240\u4ee5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61\u6bd4\u5b83\u66f4\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u5462\uff0c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u4f60\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5916\u754c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e94\uff0cTherefore, God exists.\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u505c\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5404\u4f4d\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1a\u9996\u5148\u660e\u767d\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\u4ed6\u5728\u8bb2\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u4eec\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u5c0f\u7ec4\u6765\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n<p>\u597d\uff0c\u521a\u624d\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u56db\u5206\u949f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c0f\u7ec4\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u5404\u4f4d\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u524d\u73b0\u4ee3Pre modern\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7684Rationalism\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u63a8\u8bba\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4eba\u662f\u7528\u4ed6\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u600e\u4e48\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u6765\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2abeing\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4eba\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7406\u6027\u8bbe\u5b9a\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002\u662f<\/p>\n<p>Q1\uff08\u5f1f\u5144\uff09\u6211\u60f3\u95ee\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u50cf\u4ee5\u524d\u8fd9\u6837\u8fd9\u79cd\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u6765\u8bf4\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u6797\u7267\uff1a\u5f53\u65f6\u8fd9\u79cd\u7684\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u91cd\u590d\u4f60\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u7406\u6027\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f53\u65f6\u662f\u6307\u5927\u6982\u5341\u4e00\u3001\u5341\u4e8c\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u5927\u69821000\uff0d1200\u5e74\uff0c\u662f\u5f53\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Q\uff1a\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4ece\u73b0\u5728\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\u5728\u5750\u5404\u4f4d\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n<p>\u6797\u7267\uff1a\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u73b0\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b66\u3002\u662f\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u672a\u7ecf\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u8bf7\u52ff\u64c5\u81ea\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u7f51\u7ad9\u6216\u5e73\u53f0\u8f6c\u8f7d\u548c\u520a\u767b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\uff1b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\u7684\u7248\u6743\u5f52\u300c\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u300d\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u590d\u5370\u51fa\u7248\u7b49\u5546\u4e1a\u7528\u9014\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u534e\u7f51\u7edc\u5723\u7ea6\u5b66\u9662ccnci.org\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u5723\u7ea6\u5b66\u9662HorizonCovenant@gmail.com\uff08PayPal\uff09<\/p>\n<p>Q\uff1a\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u5728\u975e\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6211\u4f1a\u5728\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u8fd91000\u591a\u5e74\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u7406\u6027\u5815\u843d\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u8fdb\u6b65\u4e86\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u6797\u7267\uff1a\u55ef\uff0c\u4f60\u95ee\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff1a\u73b0\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u8fd9\u79cd\u7684\u7406\u6027\u5bf9\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u7a76\u7adf\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7406\u6027\u662f\u8fdb\u6b65\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5815\u843d\u4e86\u5462\uff1f\u9996\u5148\u6211\u73b0\u5728\u8ddf\u5404\u4f4d\u8bf4\uff0c\u5eb7\u5fb7\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u7684\u8bc1\u660e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684.It doesn\u2019t work. \u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u5eb7\u5fb7\u7684\u5206\u6790\u3002\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u662f\u4ece\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u4eceCornelius Van Til\uff08\u8303\u6cf0\u5c14\uff09\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u3002Because man thinks his reason \uff0chis mind is autonomous.\u201d\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u60f3\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u90fd\u662f\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u3002So everything he thinks, he conceives, doesn\u2019t exist.\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u8bc1\u660e\u795e\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\u544a\u8bc9\u5404\u4f4d\u5815\u843d\u7684\u7406\u6027\u6709\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe(Plato)\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u6709Anselm\uff08\u5b89\u745f\u4f26\uff09\u8ddf\u963f\u594e\u90a3\uff08Thomas Aquinas\uff09\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5c31\u662f1000\u52301200\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u53e4\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd8\u6709\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u6216\u8005\u662f\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8bc1\u660e\u795e\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u63a5\u7eb3\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u8bf4\u670d\u975e\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4fe1\u4e3b\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u53e4\u4ee3\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u53e4\u4ee3\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8bf4\u561b\uff0c\u4f60\u770b\u5230\u6ca1\u6709\uff1f<\/p>\n<p><strong>4<\/strong><strong>\u3001\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\uff1a\u4e2d\u53e4\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u6709\u53e4\u4ee3\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u6709\u4e2d\u53e4\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u6709\u73b0\u4ee3\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7b49\u7b49\u5404\u79cd\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002But it all began in the Garden of Eden. \u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u4e0e\u590f\u5a03\u8ddf\u4e9a\u5f53\u5728\u4f0a\u7538\u56ed\u91cc\u81ea\u79f0\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u6362\u6c64\u4e0d\u6362\u836f\u3002\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2aversion\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4eba\u5ba3\u544a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u79bb\u5f00\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff0c\u81ea\u4e3b\u6765\u505a\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u505a\u8bc1\u660e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u5ba1\u6838\u771f\u7406\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u51c6\u5219\u6216\u8005\u5ba1\u5224\u5b98\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u81ea\u4ece\u4e2d\u53e4\u65f6\u671f\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u662f\u5815\u843d\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u8fdb\u6b65\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u8bb2\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Francis Schaeffer\u4ed6\u559c\u6b22\u8bf4\u81ea\u4ece\u963f\u594e\u90a3\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ed6\u7528\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u6240\u5b9a\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u89c2\uff0c\u5c31\u4e00\u6b65\u4e00\u6b65\u5730\u5e26\u6765\u7edd\u671b\uff1b\u90a3\u6211\u4eec\u540c\u610fFrancis Schaeffer\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7b80\u6cb3\u57f9\u7684\u300a\u73b0\u4ee3\u795e\u5b66\u8bba\u8bc4\u300b\u4e5f\u8ddfSchaeffer\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6765\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8303\u6cf0\u5c14\u5c31\u6bd4\u8f83\u66f4\u52a0\u5730\u4e00\u9488\u89c1\u8840\u3002\u603b\u5730\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cSchaeffer\u7684\u300a\u524d\u8f66\u53ef\u9274\u300b\u8fd8\u662f\u9700\u8981\u8bfb\u7684\uff0c\u8bfb\u5b8c\u4e4b\u540e\u518d\u8bfb\u8303\u6cf0\u5c14\u5c31\u5bf9\u4e86\u3002\u81f3\u5c11\u4f60\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e9b\u540d\u8bcd\u3001\u4e00\u4e9b\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u5927\u6982\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u8d70\u8fc7\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f53\u65f6\u5728Westminster\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u8fd8\u8bb0\u5f97\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u540c\u5b66\u95ee\u8303\u6cf0\u5c14\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u6211\u53ef\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b66\u671f\u5199term paper\u5199Schaeffer\uff1f\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aSchaeffer\u4e0d\u5165\u6d41\uff0c\u4e0d\u7b97\u662f\u62a4\u6559\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u7b97\u662f\u5e03\u9053\u5bb6\u3002\u201d\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u8bfb\u5b8c\u4e86\u300a\u524d\u8f66\u53ef\u9274\u300b\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u4ee5\u4e3a\u8bfb\u4e86\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b66\u53f2\u4e86\uff0c\u4f60\u8bfb\u4e86\u4e00\u5927\u5806\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u7f62\u4e86\u3002\u7136\u540e\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u624e\u5b9e\u5730\uff0c\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u6b21\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u4e24\u672c<em>Revolutions and Worldview<\/em>, \u90a3\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u5c31\u7b97\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u795e\u5b66\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\uff0c\u300a\u524d\u8f66\u53ef\u9274\u300b\u4e0d\u662f\uff0c\u300a\u524d\u8f66\u53ef\u9274\u300b\u7ed9\u4f60\u4e00\u4e2a\u798f\u97f3\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u4e2apresentation\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u957f\u7684\u8bb2\u7ae0\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5e03\u9053\u6027\u7684\u3002\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4f60\u5047\u5982\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u78b0\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u7b49\u7b49\u5462\uff0c\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5165\u95e8\uff0c\u5c31\u7b49\u4e8e\u6211\u7684\u300a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e0e\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u300b\u7684\u94a2\u7434\u8bb2\u5ea7\uff0c\u8ddfSchaeffer\u7684\u4e66\u662f\u540c\u7c7b\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u628a\u4e0d\u540c\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u61c2\u827a\u672f\uff0c\u5c31\u8bf4\u6211\u6392\u97f3\u4e50\u5bb6\u3001\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u7ed9\u4f60\u6392\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u8d70\u8fc7\u4e00\u904d\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u548c\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u6765\u9f99\u53bb\u8109\u3002\u4f60\u4eec\u5f88\u6709\u798f\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6709<em>Revolutions and Worldview<\/em>\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u662f\u6709\u516b\u5230\u5341\u4f4d\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\u5199\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u8ddf\u4f60\u4e00\u6bb5\u4e00\u6bb5\u5730\u6162\u6162\u53bb\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5c06\u6765\u8fd8\u6709\u8303\u6cf0\u5c14\u7684\u4e66\u3002\u5f53\u7ffb\u8bd1\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5c31\u518d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u624e\u5b9e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u597d\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u5eb7\u5fb7\u7684\u7248\u672c\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\uff1a\u73b0\u4ee3<\/strong><strong>\uff08<\/strong><strong>\u5eb7\u5fb7<\/strong><strong>Immanuel Kant<\/strong><strong>\uff09<\/strong><strong>\u7248\u672c<\/strong><strong>\uff0d<\/strong><strong>\u81ea\u7136<\/strong><strong>\u4e0e<\/strong><strong>\u81ea\u7531<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u90a3\u5eb7\u5fb7\u7684\u7248\u672c\u5c31\u53eb\u505aNature and Freedom\u81ea\u7136\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u548c\u542f\u8499\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6765\u770b\u542f\u8499\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e8c\u3001\u542f\u8499\u8fd0\u52a8<\/strong> <strong>The Enlightenment <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u542f\u8499\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49My definition\u662f17\u548c18\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u540c\u610f\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u6211\u518d\u8bf4\u4e00\u6b21\uff0cThe Enlightenment is made up of Rationalism and <a href=\"https:\/\/fanyi.so.com\/?src=onebox#experimentalism\">experimentalism<\/a> in 17th and 18th century.\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u5f97\u66f4\u7ec6\u4e00\u70b9\uff0cfrom late 17<sup>th<\/sup> century\uff0c\u4ece1650\u52301800\u5e74\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684Enlightenment\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff08\u90fd\u662f18\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\uff09\u90fd\u662f\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>1<\/strong><strong>\u3001\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u00a0 <\/strong>16\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174the Renaissance\u8fbe\u5230\u9ad8\u6f6e\u3002\u4eba\u662f\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u79bb\u5f00\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\uff0c\u79bb\u5f00\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u6743\u67c4\uff0c\u81ea\u4e3b\u72ec\u7acb\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u53bb\u8ba8\u8bba\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\uff0c\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u662f\u592a\u8fc7\u5730\u7b80\u5316\u7684.This is oversimplification.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2<\/strong><strong>\u3001\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49<\/strong>\u00a0 \u5230\u4e8617\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\uff0c\u7b1b\u5361\u5c14 (Rene Descartes)\u662f\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>3<\/strong><strong>\u3001\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49 <\/strong>\u00a0\u5230\u4e8618\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u6d1b\u514b (John Locke)\uff0c\u4f11\u8c1f (David Hume)\u662f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>4<\/strong><strong>\u3001\u73b0\u4ee3\u671f<\/strong>\u00a0 \u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u5230\u73b0\u4ee3\u671fthe Modern period\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u7684that&#8217;s ancient\uff0c\u90a3\u4e2a\u662f\u53e4\u4ee3\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b89\u745f\u4f26\uff08Anselm\uff09\u3001\u963f\u594e\u90a3\uff08Thomas Aquinas\uff09\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e2a\u662f\u4e2d\u53e4\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u5230\u73b0\u4ee3\u671f\u7684Modern period\uff0c\u7b1b\u5361\u5c14 (Rene Descartes)\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u4eba\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5916\u5728\u7269\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5916\u5728\u7269\u7b26\u5408\u4eba\u7406\u6027\u91cc\u9762\u56fa\u6709\u7684display idea\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u652f\u7b14\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73b0\u8c61\u5462\u662f\u7b26\u5408\u6211\u8111\u888b\u91cc\u5c31\u6709\u7684\u6570\u76ee\u5b57\u3001\u957f\u77ed\u3001\u5f62\u72b6\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u7a7a\u95f4\u7b49\u7b49\u3002Empiricism\u5c31\u5012\u8fc7\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u6d1b\u514b (John Locke)\u8bf4\uff1a\u6211\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u652f\u7b14\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u6211\u662f\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u652f\u7b14\u7684\u5370\u8c61impression of the pen\u3002\u5230\u4e86\u6d1b\u514b (John Locke)\u4ed6\u8bf4\u4eba\u7684\u601d\u60f3consciousness\u662f\u597d\u50cf\u4e00\u5f20\u767d\u7eb8blank slate\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u5f20\u767d\u7eb8\u4e0a\u4f60\u5c31\u5438\u6536\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u5438\u6536\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u3001\u4e00\u53ea\uff0c\u7d2b\u8272\u7684\u7b14\u7684\u5370\u8c61now I were idea of the impression of a purple pen\u3002\u4f11\u8c1f (David Hume)\u5c31\u628a\u8fd9\u79cd\u7684empiricism\u518d\u63a8\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u6210\u4e3ascepticism\u6000\u7591\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e0d\u5355\u5355\u53ea\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u89c2\u5bdf\u5916\u8868\uff0c\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u652f\u5706\u73e0\u7b14\u7684\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u5982\u6b64\uff0c<\/p>\n<p>\u800c\u4e14\u5b8c\u5168\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u3002\u6bd4\u65b9\uff0c\u4f11\u8c1f (David Hume)\u8bf4\uff0c\u6bd4\u65b9\u6211\u4eca\u5929\u4e09\u70b9\u949f\u5750\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u68f5\u6811\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u82f9\u679c\u6389\u4e0b\u6765\u4e86\uff1b\u4e09\u70b9\u949f\uff0c\u6628\u5929\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u5750\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u68f5\u6811\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u82f9\u679c\u6389\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u524d\u5929\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u63a8\u4e0a\u53bb200\u5929\uff0c\u4f60\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u5750\u5728\u82f9\u679c\u6811\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e09\u70b9\u949f\u5c31\u6709\u82f9\u679c\u6389\u4e0b\u6765\u3002\u90a3\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5c31\u4f1a\u505a\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u54e6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f\u4e07\u6709\u5438\u529bgravity\u3002\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5bf9\uff1f\u82f9\u679c\u662f\u5f80\u4e0b\u6389\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5f80\u4e0a\u98de\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u50cf\u9e1f\u3002\u4f11\u8c1f (David Hume)\u8bf4\uff1a\u4e0d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e86200\u6b21\u82f9\u679c\u6389\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u80fd\u505a\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u7684\uff1b\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u900f\u8fc7\u4ed6\u7684\u4e94\u5b98\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u96f6\u96f6\u788e\u788e\u7684\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u73b0\u8c61phenomenon impressions\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u518d\u8bf4\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\u672c\u8eab\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u5916\u5728\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u7b26\u5408\u4ed6\u91cc\u9762\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u624d\u53eb\u505a\u771f\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u771f\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5c31\u8bf4\uff1a\u4e0d\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u53ea\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u5916\u9762\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u80fd\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u4f60\u4e0d\u80fd\u505a\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u79d1\u5b66\u7ed9\u4f60\u4e00\u5927\u5806\u7684\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u822c\u8bfb\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u4ece\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684fact\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8d77\u6765\u6210\u4e3alaws\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4ece\u89c4\u5f8b\u4f5c\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\uff0c\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u4e00\u4e9b\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u78b0\u7684facts\u3002\u4f11\u8c1f (David Hume)\u8fd9\u6837\u4ee5\u6765\u5462\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u80fd\u591f\u62ff\u4e00\u5927\u5806\u96f6\u96f6\u788e\u788e\u7684facts\uff0c\u6240\u8c13facts\u3002\u90a3\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8303\u6cf0\u5c14\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u6709\u4ed6\u66f4\u6df1\u7684\u6279\u5224\u3002\u90a3\u6211\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u8981\u8868\u8fbe\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cdrationalism\u548cempiricism\uff0c\u800cempiricism\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49\u53c8\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u6000\u7591\u4e3b\u4e49scepticism\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u53ea\u80fd\u591f\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u5927\u5806\u96f6\u788e\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\uff0c\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u5728\u5341\u4e03\u3001\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7eaa\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u54f2\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u800c\u5df2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5eb7\u5fb7\uff08Immanuel Kant\uff09\u4ed6\u8981\u603b\u7ed3200\u5e74\u7684\u542f\u8499\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u4ed6\u8981\u603b\u7ed3\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u5eb7\u5fb7\u8981\u628a\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u671f\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u518d\u63a8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u5730\u900f\u5f7b\uff0c\u66f4\u52a0\u5730\u5f7b\u5e95a more consistent, thorough and autonomy of human mind and\u00a0\u00a0 consciousness.\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e8b\u5b9ethe things in themselves\uff0c\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u652f\u5706\u73e0\u7b14\uff0c\u5b83\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff1f\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u6211\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u5916\u9762\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u7528\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u7528\u4e94\u5b98\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u4e00\u652f\u5706\u73e0\u7b14\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u3002\u90a3\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u540c\u610f\u6d1b\u514b\u8ddf\u4f11\u8c1f\u7684\u3002\u7136\u540e\u4f60\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u5927\u5806\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u5728\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u4e00\u4e2acomputer\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2asausage grinder\uff0c\u4f60\u5728\u7ede\u7ede\u7ede\u7ede\uff0c\u7ede\u5230\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u54e6\uff0c\u4e00\u652f\u7b14\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\u3002\u90a3\u4e2a\u662f\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u56e0\u4e3a\u90a3\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u4e9b\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u6211\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u8bb2\u4e0b\u53bb\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u7b2c77\u9875\uff09<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e09\u3001\u5eb7\u5fb7<\/strong><strong>(Immanuel Kant) <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>1<\/strong><strong>\u3001\u6539\u53d8\u77e5\u8bc6\u8bba\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\uff1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u8bba\u7684\u964d\u683c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5eb7\u5fb7\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u77e5\u8bc6\u8bba\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\uff0c\u4ed6\u628a\u77e5\u8bc6\u8bba\u964d\u683c\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u50cf\u4f20\u7edf\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u8fd9\u6837\u95ee\uff1a\u4eba\u51ed\u4ec0\u4e48\u8ba4\u8bc6\u771f\u7406\uff1f\u662f\u51ed\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u662f\u7406\u6027\u554a\uff1f\u4ed6\u6539\u95ee\uff1a\u4eba\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u6761\u4ef6\u4e4b\u4e0b\u7406\u89e3\u4e8b\u7269\uff1fWhat are the conditions under which I can know what I know\uff1f<\/p>\n<p><strong>2<\/strong><strong>\u3001\u7ea0\u6b63\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u96c6\u5176\u5927\u6210<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5eb7\u5fb7\u628a\u77e5\u8bc6\u8bba\u964d\u683c\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4eba\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u900f\u8fc7\u7406\u6027\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u771f\u76f8\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e00\u652f\u5706\u73e0\u7b14\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u7684the essence of the pen\u6216\u8005\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e0a\u5e1d\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e00\u652f\u7b14\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff0c\u90fd\u53d7\u5230\u4ed6\u7684\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u90a3\u4e2asausage grinder,\u4ed6\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\uff0c\u90fd\u53d7\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u79d1\u5b66\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u5916\u8868\uff0c\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u7406\u6027\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u628a\u4e00\u652f\u7b14\u53bb\u8861\u91cf\uff0c\u5b83\u6709\u591a\u91cd\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6750\u6599\u5566\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u7406\u6027\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u627e\u5230the thing in itself, \u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u652f\u7b14\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8fd9\u652f\u7b14\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8fd9\u652f\u7b14\u7ed9\u4f60\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f60\u518d\u89c2\u5ff5\u5316\u5b83\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5perception, conception\u4f60\u662fperceive.\u4f60\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u652f\u7b14\u7684\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u5728\u91cc\u9762\u89c2\u5ff5\u5316\u5b83\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u90a3\u4e2a\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff1a\u54e6\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u652f\u7b14\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u5916\u8868\uff0c\u4f60\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e86\u5916\u8868\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6837\u5b50\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>3<\/strong><strong>\u3001\u8ba4\u77e5\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a\u73b0\u8c61\u5316<\/strong><strong>(perception)<\/strong><strong>\u4e0e\u7406\u5ff5\u5316<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u73b0\u8c61\u5316(perception)\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u662f\u7406\u5ff5\u5316\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5eb7\u5fb7\u5462\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u6279\u5224\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4ed6\u53c8\u628a\u5b83\u4e24\u79cd\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>4<\/strong><strong>\u3001\u5b87\u5b99\u5206\u4e24\u5883\u754c\uff1a\u73b0\u8c61\u754c\u4e0e\u771f\u7406\u754c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u628a\u5b87\u5b99\u5206\u5272\u6210\u4e24\u4e2a\u5883\u754c\uff1a\u73b0\u8c61\u754c\u4e0e\u771f\u7406\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u8c61\u754c (phenomenal realm)\uff0c\u771f\u7406\u754c (noumenal realm)\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u9646\u628a\u73b0\u8c61\u754c\u79f0\u4e3a\u6b64\u5cb8\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6d77\u6d0b\u7684\u8fd9\u8fb9\uff0c\u6b64\u5cb8\uff1b\u771f\u7406\u754c\u662f\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e3a\u5f7c\u5cb8\uff0c\u6d77\u6d0b\u7684\u53e6\u5916\u90a3\u8fb9\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u90a3\u4e00\u5cb8\uff0c\u5bf9\u65b9\u5bf9\u9762\u7684\u6d77\u5cb8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5cb8\u662f\u73b0\u8c61\u754c\uff0c\u4ee5\u7406\u6027\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u53bb\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53ea\u80fd\u591f\u7406\u89e3\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u5916\u8868\uff0c\u4e0d\u8c08\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u4e0d\u8c08\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5883\u754c\u4f7f\u7528\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u7406\u6027pure reason\u3002\u771f\u7406\u754c\u5c31\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e2a\u662f\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e0a\u5e1d\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u6c38\u751f\u3001\u7231\u3001\u4f26\u7406\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u7528\u5b9e\u7528\u7406\u6027practical reason\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662fcategorical imperative\uff0c\u5eb7\u5fb7\u79f0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53eb\u505acategorical imperative\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u7231\u201d\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u5728\u771f\u7406\u754c\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e0a\u5e1d\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\u3001\u7231\u3001\u4f26\u7406\u90fd\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u9700\u8981\u4f60\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f26\u7406\u5b97\u6559\u4eba\u58eb\u53bb\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8ddf\u4f26\u7406\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u4f1a\u5927\u4e71\u7684\uff1b\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8bf7\u4f60\u4e0d\u8981\u5230\u697c\u4e0b\u6765\u8ddf\u6211\u4eec\u8bb2\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bfa\u4e9a\u65b9\u821f\uff0c\u6d2a\u6c34\u6df9\u6ca1\u4e86\u5168\u5730\u7403\u54c8\uff0c\u90a3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u7406\u6027\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u5728\u697c\u4e0a\u8bb2\u4f60\u4eec\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u4f26\u7406\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u7528\u7406\u6027\u3002\u90a3\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7406\u6027\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u7406\u6027\u66f4\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u628a\u7406\u6027\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u66f4\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5206\u5f00\u4e86\uff0c\u5b87\u5b99\u7834\u788e\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u63d0\u793a\uff1a\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\u6587\u5b57\u53ea\u9650\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u6559\u4f1a\u79c1\u4e0b\u5b66\u4e60\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u9020\u5c31\u6559\u4f1a\u548c\u6559\u4f1a\u8d1f\u8d23\u5e26\u9886\u3001\u8bb2\u9053\u7684\u540c\u5de5\u4eec\uff1b\u672a\u7ecf\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u8bf7\u52ff\u64c5\u81ea\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u7f51\u7ad9\u6216\u5e73\u53f0\u8f6c\u8f7d\u548c\u520a\u767b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\uff1b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\u548c\u56fe\u7247\u7684\u7248\u6743\u5f52\u300c\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u300d\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u590d\u5370\u51fa\u7248\u7b49\u5546\u4e1a\u7528\u9014\u3002\u5f53\u6587\u5b57\u548c\u5f55\u97f3\u4e0d\u7b26\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f55\u97f3\u4e3a\u51c6\u3002\u613f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8d50\u798f\u6587\u5b57\u7f16\u8f91\u548c\u6821\u5bf9\u7684\u80a2\u4f53\u6765\u96c5\u6b63\uff01\u82e5\u662f\u6709\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3001\u5949\u732e\u652f\u6301\u6216\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u4f55\u95ee\u9898\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u90ae\u4ef6\u65b9\u5f0f\u8054\u7cfb\u6211\u4eec\u3002\u4e2d\u534e\u7f51\u7edc\u5723\u7ea6\u5b66\u9662ccnci.org\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u5723\u7ea6\u5b66\u9662 HorizonCovenant@gmail.com\uff08PayPal\uff09<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u300a\u795e\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u7b2c\u56db\u5341\u4e8c\u8bb2\u7b2c27\u8bfe \u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u795e\u5b66\u4e0e\u65b0\u6b63\u7edf\u795e\u5b66 \u4e3b\u8bb2\uff1a\u6797\u6148\u4fe1\u7267\u5e08_\u6821\u5bf9\uff1a\u5218\u52a0\u7acb\u5f1f\u5144_\u82f1\u6587\uff1a\u8042\u59d0\u59b9_\u4e2d\u6587 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