{"id":13987,"date":"2025-05-13T06:43:13","date_gmt":"2025-05-13T06:43:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/?p=13987"},"modified":"2025-05-13T06:43:13","modified_gmt":"2025-05-13T06:43:13","slug":"%e5%9c%a3%e8%a8%80%e8%ae%ba%ef%bc%88%e9%9f%b3%ef%bc%89_10_%e7%ac%ac5%e7%ab%a0_%e5%90%af%e7%a4%ba%e4%b8%8e%e5%8e%86%e5%8f%b2%ef%bc%88%e7%bb%ad%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/?p=13987","title":{"rendered":"\u5723\u8a00\u8bba\uff08\u97f3\uff09_10_\u7b2c5\u7ae0_\u542f\u793a\u4e0e\u5386\u53f2\uff08\u7eed\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>\r\n .player13986  .plyr__controls,\r\n .player13986 .StampAudioPlayerSkin{\r\n  border-radius: 10px;\r\n  overflow: hidden;\r\n }\r\n .player13986{\r\n  margin: 0 auto; }\r\n .player13986 .plyr__controls .plyr__controls {\r\n   border-radius: none;\r\n   overflow: visible;\r\n }\r\n .skin_default .player13986 .plyr__controls {\r\n   overflow: visible;\r\n }\r\n <\/style>\r\n<div class=\"skin_default\" id=\"skin_default\">\r\n  <div style=\"width:100%;--plyr-color-bg:#333\" class=\"h5ap_standard_player player13986\" \r\n  data-poster=\"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/html5-audio-player-pro\/shortcode\/player\/sticky-default.jpg\" \r\n  data-skin=\"default\" \r\n  data-title=\"Audio Title\" \r\n  data-song=\"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/video\/\u8bc1\u4e66\u8bfe\u7a0b\/2012_\u5723\u8a00\u8bba\/\u5723\u8a00\u8bba\uff08\u97f3\uff09_10_\u7b2c5\u7ae0_\u542f\u793a\u4e0e\u5386\u53f2\uff08\u7eed\uff09.mp3\" \r\n  data-id=\"13986\" \r\n  data-options='{&quot;controls&quot;:[&quot;play&quot;,&quot;progress&quot;,&quot;duration&quot;,&quot;mute&quot;,&quot;volume&quot;,&quot;settings&quot;],&quot;seekTime&quot;:10,&quot;skin&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Audio Title&quot;,&quot;author&quot;:&quot;Author Name&quot;,&quot;disableDownload&quot;:false,&quot;fusionDownload&quot;:true,&quot;color&quot;:&quot;#fff&quot;,&quot;background&quot;:&quot;#333&quot;,&quot;repeat&quot;:false,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;opt-1&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:false,&quot;muted&quot;:false,&quot;disablePause&quot;:false}'>\r\n    <audio  playsinline preload=\"auto\" class=\"player13986\" id=\"player13986\">\r\n      <source src=\"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/video\/\u8bc1\u4e66\u8bfe\u7a0b\/2012_\u5723\u8a00\u8bba\/\u5723\u8a00\u8bba\uff08\u97f3\uff09_10_\u7b2c5\u7ae0_\u542f\u793a\u4e0e\u5386\u53f2\uff08\u7eed\uff09.mp3\" type=\"audio\/mp3\">\r\n        Your browser does not support the audio element.\r\n    <\/audio>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n<p>\u7b2c\u5341\u8bb2\u3001\u7b2c5\u7ae0\uff1a\u542f\u793a\u4e0e\u5386\u53f2\uff08\u7eed\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u8bb2\uff1a\u6797\u6148\u4fe1\u6559\u6388_\u6821\u5bf9\uff1a\u5218\u52a0\u7acb\u5f1f\u5144_\u82f1\u6587\uff1acherry\u59d0\u59b9_\u6587\u5b57\uff1a\u98de\u5f1f\u5144<\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u5723\u8a00\u8bba\u300b\u7b2c\u5341\u8bb2\uff1a Revelation and History\uff08 chapter five continued \uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\uff1a\u542f\u793a\u548c\u5386\u53f2<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0a\u4e00\u8bb2\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u8bb2\uff0c\u8bb2\u5230\u5df4\u7279\u5206\u6210\u4e24\u79cd\u7684\u5386\u53f2 <em>Historie<\/em>\u548c<em>Geschichte<\/em> \u3002<em>Historie<\/em>\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u8005\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u800c\u5df4\u7279\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5728 <em>Historie<\/em>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c42\u6b21\uff0c\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u53bb\u6279\u5224\u5723\u7ecf\u6240\u8bb2\u5386\u53f2\u53d1\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e8b\u3002\u53ef\u662f<em>Geschichte<\/em> \u00a0\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u5730\u65b9\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u53ef\u4ee5\u77e5\u9053\u3002\u5085\u5170\u59c6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u5f88\u5947\u602a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u5e26\u6765\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u6df7\u4e71\u3002\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7ee7\u7eed\u8bb2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>It would be better simply to repudiate the legitimacy of autonomous historical scholarship. \u5728\u5386\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8303\u56f4\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63a8\u7ffb\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u672f\u5b83\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027\u90a3\u5c31\u6700\u597d\u4e86\u3002Then there is no need for two histories. \u5c31\u4e0d\u5fc5\u533a\u5206\u4e24\u79cd\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e86\u3002There is only one, which occurs in time and space, and which is accessible to historians who regard God\u2019s Word as their ultimate standard of truth.\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u76f8\u4fe1\u5c0a\u91cd\u795e\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u771f\u7406\u7684\u51c6\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5462\uff0c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5f97\u5230\u7684\uff0c accessible \u53ef\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Nothing in the Bible suggests the kind of distinction that Barth sets forth,\u5723\u7ecf\u91cc\u9762\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u7ebf\u7d22\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u5df4\u7279\u6240\u533a\u5206\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\uff0c and Barth\u2019s formulation brings nothing but confusion to discussions of biblical epistemology. \u800c\u5df4\u7279\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u5728\u8ba8\u8bba\u5230\u548c\u5408\u4e4e\u5723\u7ecf\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u8bba\uff0c\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8bba\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53ea\u5e26\u6765\u5927\u6df7\u4e71\u3002In Scripture, it is simple: \u5723\u7ecf\u91cc\u9762\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u76f8\u4fe1\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u9053\u6210\u8089\u8eab\uff0c\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u8089\u8eab\u7684\u590d\u6d3b\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f7f\u5f92\u4eec\u7684\u89c1\u8bc1\uff0c\u800c\u4f7f\u5f92\u4eec\u7684\u89c1\u8bc1\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4eb2\u81ea\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\uff08\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\uff1a\u54e5\u6797\u591a\u524d\u4e66\u5341\u4e94\u7ae01-2\u8282\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u54e5\u6797\u591a\u524d\u4e66\u5341\u4e94\u7ae011\u8282\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6574\u4e2a\u8ba8\u8bba\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u662f\u7531\u8fd9\u4f4d\u5b66\u8005Gotthold Ephraim Lessing\u83b1\u8f9b\uff081729-1781\uff09\u4ed6\u6240\u8457\u7684 \u201cOn the Proof of the Spirit and of Power\u201d\u300a\u8bc1\u660e\u7075\u548c\u80fd\u529b\u300b\u91cc\u9762\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1athere was a \u201cbig, ugly ditch\u201d between \u201caccidental truths of history\u201d and \u201cnecessary truths of reason.\u201d\u4ed6\u8bf4\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u5076\u53d1\u6027\u7684\u771f\u7406\uff0caccidental truths\u548c\u7406\u6027\u6240\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\u771f\u7406\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5f88\u4e11\u964b\u7684\u9e3f\u6c9f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Now, it is right to say that necessary truths of reason, like 2 + 2 = 4, are not derived from an examination of historical events. \u00a0\u5047\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e9b\u7406\u6027\u7684\u5fc5\u987b\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4 2+2=4 \uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u5ba1\u89c6\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u5bf9\u7684\u3002And it is true that most historical inquiries do not yield the kind of certainty that we associate with mathematical and logical truths. \u540c\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u597d\u50cf\u6570\u5b66\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u771f\u7406\u7684\u90a3\u79cd\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u3002But Lessing intended to draw a theological implication from this observation. \u4f46\u662f\u83b1\u8f9b\u8981\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c2\u5bdf\u518d\u505a\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>As an Enlightenment rationalist, \u4ed6\u8eab\u4e3a\u4e00\u4f4d\u542f\u8499\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0che believed, like Baruch Spinoza, that autonomous reason is the ultimate criterion of faith.\u4ed6\u597d\u50cf\u65af\u5bbe\u632a\u838e\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u4e86\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u7406\u6027\u662f\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u51c6\u5219\u7684\u3002So his \u201cditch\u201d was a ditch not only between history and the necessary truths of reason, but also between history and faith.\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9e3f\u6c9f\u5462\uff0c\u4e0d\u5355\u5355\u662f\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u7406\u6027\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\u771f\u7406\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9e3f\u6c9f\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5386\u53f2\u4e0e\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9e3f\u6c9f\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Many have been troubled by Lessing\u2019s ditch. \u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u88ab\u83b1\u8f9b\u7684\u9e3f\u6c9f\u611f\u89c9\u5230\u56f0\u60d1\u3002How can we believe in Christ on the basis of historical events, when those events are so uncertain? \u5047\u5982\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u662f\u90a3\u4e48\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u6211\u4eec\u600e\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7167\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6765\u76f8\u4fe1\u57fa\u7763\u5462\uff1fNo historical event is absolutely certain, it seems, \u597d\u50cf\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\uff0clet alone events that took place in a vastly different time and culture. \u90a3\u8fd8\u8981\u8bf4\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u6240\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672a\u7ecf\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u8bf7\u52ff\u64c5\u81ea\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u7f51\u7ad9\u6216\u5e73\u53f0\u8f6c\u8f7d\u548c\u520a\u767b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\uff1b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\u7684\u7248\u6743\u5f52\u300c\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u300d\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u590d\u5370\u51fa\u7248\u7b49\u5546\u4e1a\u7528\u9014\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u534e\u7f51\u7edc\u5723\u7ea6\u5b66\u9662ccnci.org\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u5723\u7ea6\u5b66\u9662HorizonCovenant@gmail.com\uff08PayPal\uff09<\/p>\n<p>The theologians of history that we have considered in this chapter were all somewhat intimidated by this chasm. \u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u7ae0\u6240\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u5386\u53f2\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u53d7\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9e3f\u6c9f\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u3002Ritschl and Pannenberg thought they could cross the chasm by autonomous historical scholarship.\u9ece\u7b56\u5c14\u548c\u6f58\u660e\u535a\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u8fc7\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u672f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8de8\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9e3f\u6c9f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Cullmann felt the need of something else to bridge the gap, which he called faith. \u5e93\u66fc\u90a3\u611f\u89c9\u5230\u9700\u8981\u6709\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u6765\u8de8\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9e3f\u6c9f\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u6240\u79f0\u4e3a\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3002Barth thought that he had to distinguish a new kind of history, \u5df4\u7279\u5c31\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9700\u8981\u533a\u5206\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0cin which there was no gap, \u8fd9\u79cd\u5386\u53f2\u6ca1\u6709\u9e3f\u6c9f\uff0cbut in which historical scholarship played no role.\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u63a2\u7a76\uff0c\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u626e\u6f14\u4efb\u4f55\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u4f60\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u554a\u4e00\u822c\u7684\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u53bb\u627e\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>In this respect, Barth follows Immanuel Kant. \u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5df4\u7279\u662f\u8ddf\u968f\u4e86\u5eb7\u5fb7\u7684\u3002For Kant, the world of ordinary experience in time and space, the world of \u201cphenomena,\u201d is knowable by autonomous human reason; \u5bf9\u5eb7\u5fb7\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u822c\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u7a7a\u95f4\u91cc\u7684\u666e\u901a\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u73b0\u8c61\u754c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u8fc7\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\u6240\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\uff1bindeed, its fundamental structure is created by reason. \u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73b0\u8c61\u754c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u7531\u7406\u6027\u6240\u521b\u9020\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Even\u201creligion within the limits of reason\u201d is subject to the criteria of autonomous rationality, as I indicated in the previous chapter.\u5c31\u7b97\u6211\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ae0\u6240\u8bb2\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u7406\u6027\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u7406\u6027\u7684\u9650\u5236\u4e4b\u4e0b\u7684\u5b97\u6559\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u53d7\u5230\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u7406\u6027\u7684\u51c6\u5219\u6765\u5ba1\u6838\u7684\u3002 That would include knowledge of the historical events recorded in the Bible. \u90a3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u4eba\u600e\u4e48\u53bb\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5723\u7ecf\u91cc\u6240\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>But Kant also speaks of the \u201cnoumenal\u201d realm, \u4f46\u662f\u5eb7\u5fb7\u4e5f\u8bf4\u5230\u771f\u7406\u754c\uff0cthe realm of things as they are in themselves, \u00a0\u5c31\u662f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u771f\u76f8\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u8303\u56f4\uff0cin which reason is incompetent. \u800c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8303\u56f4\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u7406\u6027\u662f\u6beb\u65e0\u80fd\u529b\u4e86\u3002We can, nevertheless, imagine what the noumenal world is like and develop beliefs about it by a kind of \u201cfaith.\u201d \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61\u8fd9\u4e2a\u771f\u7406\u754c\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u79cd\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u79cd\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff0c\u53bb\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u771f\u7406\u754c\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Although the existence of God, for example, cannot be demonstrated by reason, \u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\u795e\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u5462\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u8fc7\u7406\u6027\u53bb\u8bc1\u660e\u7684\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5982\u6b64\uff0cwe should believe that God exists for the scientific and moral advantages that belief gives us. \u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u76f8\u4fe1\u795e\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u76f8\u4fe1\u795e\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u4e00\u4e9b\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0a\u7684\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0a\u7684\u597d\u5904\u7684\u3002Barth\u2019s <em>Historie<\/em> is much like Kant\u2019s phenomenal realm; \u5df4\u7279\u7684<em>Historie<\/em> \u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u5c31\u975e\u5e38\u7684\u50cf\u5eb7\u5fb7\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u754c\uff1bBarth\u2019s <em>Geschichte<\/em> is much like Kant\u2019s noumenal.\u800c\u5df4\u7279\u7684<em>Geschichte<\/em> \u5c31\u5f88\u50cf\u5eb7\u5fb7\u7684\u771f\u7406\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Barth leaps Lessing\u2019s ditch by placing faith in <em>Geschichte<\/em>, \u5df4\u7279\u900f\u8fc7\u76f8\u4fe1\u7684 <em>Geschichte<\/em>\u6765\u8d8a\u8fc7\u4e86\u83b1\u8f9b\u7684\u9e3f\u6c9f\uff0cmuch as Kant placed it in a posited noumenal. \u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u5eb7\u5fb7\u628a\u4fe1\u5fc3\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ed6\u6240\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u771f\u7406\u754c\u90a3\u91cc\u6765\u8de8\u8fc7\u83b1\u8f9b\u7684\u9e3f\u6c9f\u4e00\u6837\u3002Both Barth and Kant do this because they agree with Lessing as to the autonomy of reason in historical scholarship. \u5df4\u7279\u548c\u5eb7\u5fb7\u90fd\u8fd9\u6837\u5b50\u6765\u8de8\u8fc7\u83b1\u8f9b\u7684\u9e3f\u6c9f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0e\u83b1\u8f9b\u540c\u610f\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\u662f\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u3002They concede ordinary history in time and space to secularists, \u4ed6\u628a\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u7a7a\u95f4\u91cc\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u8ba9\u7ed9\u4e16\u4fd7\u4eba\u58eb\uff0cin order to be able to make theological statements concerning a different realm, unfettered by historical scholarship.\u597d\u53eb\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bb2\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u4e8e\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u5ba3\u79f0\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u4e2a\u8303\u56f4\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7ea6\u675f\u4ed6\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n<p>But if we renounce the autonomy of historical scholarship, then the gap disappears.\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u627f\u8ba4\u62d2\u7edd\u63a8\u7ffb\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u672f\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9e3f\u6c9f\u5c31\u4f1a\u6d88\u5931\u4e86\u3002 If God\u2019s own testimony resolves all controversy, \u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u89c1\u8bc1\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\u7684\u8bdd\uff0cthen the truths of redemptive history are not dubious or merely probable. \u8fd9\u6837\u5b50\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6551\u8d4e\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u771f\u7406\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u662f\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u4ee4\u4eba\u6000\u7591\u7684\u3002They are certain, because God\u2019s Word is our ultimate criterion of certainty.5 \u6551\u8d4e\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8bdd\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u4e8e\u786e\u5b9a\u7684 certainty \u7684\u81f3\u9ad8\u7684\u51c6\u5219\u3002\uff08\u6ce8\u811a5: \u5f17\u5170\u59c6\u8bf4I will indicate later that even with a soundly biblical epistemology, a believer may not become certain about everything in Scripture. \u5085\u5170\u59c6\u8bf4\uff1a\u5085\u5170\u59c6\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u4e0b\u6587\u4f1a\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u5408\u4e4e\u5723\u7ecf\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u8bba\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u5f92\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u5723\u7ecf\u91cc\u9762\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u4e8b\u80fd\u591f\u5b8c\u5168\u6709\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>There are questions of interpretation, and of course our level of understanding is subject to the sovereign decision of the Holy Spirit. \u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u89e3\u91ca\u5723\u7ecf\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u5f53\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u5723\u7ecf\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u5723\u7075\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002But the uncertainties in our faith do not spring from the fact that history is essentially unknowable or uncertain. \u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u76f8\u4fe1\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u6709\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5386\u53f2\u672c\u8eab\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u786e\u5b9a\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u3002Nor should we imagine that there are no certainties in our faith. \u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u60f3\u8c61\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u91cc\u9762\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u771f\u7406\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>It is hard to conceive of any disciple of Christ who is uncertain, for example, that Jesus lived, or that he rose from the dead. \u5047\u5982\u6709\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u95e8\u5f92\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u8036\u7a23\u57fa\u7763\u66fe\u7ecf\u6d3b\u8fc7\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7942\u4ece\u6b7b\u91cc\u590d\u6d3b\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u60f3\u8c61\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u95e8\u5f92\u7684\u3002For such a disciple, these events become the <em>criterion <\/em>of certainty, the certainty by which all other certainties are tested. \u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u95e8\u5f92\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u771f\u7406\u7684\u51c6\u5219\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u662f\u7531\u8fd9\u4e2a\u786e\u5b9a\u6765\u8003\u9a8c\u7684\u3002\u6ce8\u811a\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n<p>Historical scholarship that proceeds with this presupposition will attain certainty about the main redemptive events of Scripture.\u662f\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u524d\u63d0\u51fa\u53d1\u7684\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u524d\u63d0\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8bdd\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u786e\u5b9a\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u51c6\u5219\uff0c\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u524d\u63d0\u51fa\u53d1\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u8fbe\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u77e5\u9053\u5723\u7ecf\u91cc\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u6551\u8d4e\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Then we are free to regard God\u2019s revelation as it is in the Bible: \u8fd9\u6837\u5b50\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6309\u7167\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u542f\u793a\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u5723\u7ecf\u91cc\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u542f\u793a\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5b50\u6765\u5bf9\u5f85\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u542f\u793a\u3002\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1fboth divine acts and divine words, \u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u4f5c\u4e3a\u548c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8bdd\u8bed\uff0cthe words interpreting the acts and the acts as the subject matter of the words. \u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8bdd\u8bed\u89e3\u91ca\u7942\u7684\u4f5c\u4e3a\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6240\u8bb2\u7684\u8bdd\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002We study the events in the authoritative light of God\u2019s words, \u6211\u4eec\u662f\u4ece\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6240\u8bb2\u7684\u8bdd\u8bed\u7684\u5149\u7167\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6743\u5a01\u6027\u7684\u5149\u7167\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\uff0cand we study the content of the words, which tell us of God\u2019s acts.6\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u53bb\u7814\u7a76\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bdd\u8bed\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5927\u80fd\u7684\u4f5c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u6ce8\u811a\u516d\uff1aFor more discussion of the relation between revelation and history in modern theology, see \u201cAntithesis and the Doctrine of Scripture,\u201d Appendix A in this volume.\u82e5\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u542f\u793a\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u8bf7\u770b\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u9644\u5f55 A \u201c\u542f\u793a\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u201d\u4e00\u7ae0\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u63d0\u793a\uff1a\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\u6587\u5b57\u53ea\u9650\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u6559\u4f1a\u79c1\u4e0b\u5b66\u4e60\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u9020\u5c31\u6559\u4f1a\u548c\u6559\u4f1a\u8d1f\u8d23\u5e26\u9886\u3001\u8bb2\u9053\u7684\u540c\u5de5\u4eec\uff1b\u672a\u7ecf\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u8bf7\u52ff\u64c5\u81ea\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u7f51\u7ad9\u6216\u5e73\u53f0\u8f6c\u8f7d\u548c\u520a\u767b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\uff1b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\u548c\u56fe\u7247\u7684\u7248\u6743\u5f52\u300c\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u300d\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u590d\u5370\u51fa\u7248\u7b49\u5546\u4e1a\u7528\u9014\u3002\u5f53\u6587\u5b57\u548c\u5f55\u97f3\u4e0d\u7b26\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f55\u97f3\u4e3a\u51c6\u3002\u613f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8d50\u798f\u6587\u5b57\u7f16\u8f91\u548c\u6821\u5bf9\u7684\u80a2\u4f53\u6765\u96c5\u6b63\uff01\u82e5\u662f\u6709\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3001\u5949\u732e\u652f\u6301\u6216\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u4f55\u95ee\u9898\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u90ae\u4ef6\u65b9\u5f0f\u8054\u7cfb\u6211\u4eec\u3002\u4e2d\u534e\u7f51\u7edc\u5723\u7ea6\u5b66\u9662ccnci.org\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u5723\u7ea6\u5b66\u9662 HorizonCovenant@gmail.com\uff08PayPal\uff09<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7b2c\u5341\u8bb2\u3001\u7b2c5\u7ae0\uff1a\u542f\u793a\u4e0e\u5386\u53f2\uff08\u7eed\uff09 \u4e3b\u8bb2\uff1a\u6797\u6148\u4fe1\u6559\u6388_\u6821\u5bf9\uff1a\u5218\u52a0\u7acb\u5f1f\u5144_\u82f1\u6587\uff1acherry\u59d0\u59b9_\u6587\u5b57\uff1a\u98de\u5f1f\u5144 \u300a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[158],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13987","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-158"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13987","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=13987"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13987\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=13987"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=13987"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=13987"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}