{"id":11923,"date":"2024-08-06T01:22:46","date_gmt":"2024-08-06T01:22:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/?p=11923"},"modified":"2024-08-06T01:22:46","modified_gmt":"2024-08-06T01:22:46","slug":"%e7%8e%b0%e4%bb%a3%e7%a5%9e%e5%ad%a6%ef%bc%88%e4%b8%80%ef%bc%8929%e5%94%af%e5%bf%83%e4%b8%bb%e4%b9%89%ef%bc%9a%e8%b4%b9%e5%b8%8c%e7%89%b9%ef%bc%88%e7%bb%ad%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/?p=11923","title":{"rendered":"\u73b0\u4ee3\u795e\u5b66\uff08\u4e00\uff0929\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1a\u8d39\u5e0c\u7279\uff08\u7eed\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <style> #h5vp6a8879925f652 .h5vp_video_overlay{ top:10px; left:10px; } .popup_close_btn { display:none }.h5vp_player.popup_close .plyr { display:none }.h5vp_popup_wrapper.popup_close video { display:none }#h5vp6a8879925f652 video { max-width:100% }#h5vp6a8879925f652 { border-radius:0px }#h5vp6a8879925f652 { overflow:hidden }#h5vp6a8879925f652 .h5vp_video_overlay p { color:#fff 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Title&quot;,&quot;author&quot;:&quot;Author Name&quot;,&quot;disableDownload&quot;:false,&quot;fusionDownload&quot;:true,&quot;color&quot;:&quot;#fff&quot;,&quot;background&quot;:&quot;#333&quot;,&quot;repeat&quot;:false,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;opt-1&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:false,&quot;muted&quot;:false,&quot;disablePause&quot;:false}'>\r\n    <audio  playsinline preload=\"auto\" class=\"player11922\" id=\"player11922\">\r\n      <source src=\"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/video\/\u62a4\u6559\u795e\u5b66\/2021_\u73b0\u4ee3\u795e\u5b66\/\u73b0\u4ee3\u795e\u5b66\uff08\u4e00\uff0929\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1a\u8d39\u5e0c\u7279\uff08\u7eed\uff09.mp3\" type=\"audio\/mp3\">\r\n        Your browser does not support the audio element.\r\n    <\/audio>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u4ee3\u795e\u5b66\uff08\u4e00\uff0929 \u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1a\u8d39\u5e0c\u7279\uff08\u7eed\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u8bb2\uff1a\u6797\u6148\u4fe1\u7267\u5e08_\u6821\u5bf9\uff1a\u5218\u52a0\u7acb_\u6587\u5b57\uff1a\u9648\u5f1f\u5144<\/p>\n<p>Modern Theology 1\uff0cSession\u00a029\u73b0\u4ee3\u795e\u5b66\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e5d\u8bb2\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7ee7\u7eed\u8bb2\u8d39\u5e0c\u7279(Fichte)\u3002\u8d39\u5e0c\u7279\u7684\u8bb2\u4e49\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u65af\u5766\u798f\u54f2\u5b66\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\u7684\u8bcd\u6761\u7b2c13\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5f0f\u8fdb\u5165\u5230\u8d39\u5e0c\u7279\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u4ed6\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u90a3\u4e9b\u7ec6\u8282\uff0cThe Starting Point of the Jena Wissenschaftslehre\uff0c\u8036\u62ff\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u8bba\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u662f\u524d\u63d0\u3002\u8d39\u5e0c\u7279\u575a\u6301\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u8bba\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\uff08a genuine philosophy of freedom\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u5047\u8bbe\uff08presuppose\uff09\u81ea\u7531\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u7b80\u5355\uff0cthe reality of freedom itself must simply be presupposed\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u5eb7\u5fb7\u8fd9\u6837\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6beb\u65e0\u4e89\u8bae\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u7406\u6027\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u201d\uff08an incontrovertible \u201cfact of reason\u201d\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u8bf4\u6000\u7591\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u4e0d\u4f1a\u63d0\u51fa\u6297\u8bae\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u7684\u3002\u6070\u6070\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6000\u7591\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7684\u6279\u5224\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u9a73\u5012\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u5b9e\u8df5\u7406\u6027\u662f\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u9996\u8981\u8d77\u70b9\u3002\u6211\u591a\u52a0\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7406\u6027\u6216\u8005\u7406\u8bba\u7406\u6027\u3002the \u201cprimacy of the practical\u201d with respect to the selection of one\u2019s philosophical starting point\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u56de\u5230\u5eb7\u5fb7\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u641e\u73b0\u8c61\u754c\u7684\u4e71\u4e03\u516b\u7cdf\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u7528\u4f60\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u53bb\u5305\u88c5\uff1b\u53e6\u5916\u662f\u5b9e\u8df5\u7406\u6027\uff08\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u8ddf\u4f26\u7406\uff09\u3002\u8d39\u5e0c\u7279\u8bf4\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u5c31\u4ece\u8fd9\u8fb9\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u4ece\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7406\u6027\u90a3\u8fb9\u6765\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5c31\u4ece\u5b9e\u8df5\u7406\u6027\u8fd9\u8fb9\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u597d\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bc1\u660e\u7684\u3002\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u9996\u8981\u539f\u5219\uff08the first principal of philosophy\uff09\u65e2\u7136\u662f\u6240\u6709\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u9996\u8981\u539f\u5219\u3001\u6240\u6709\u8bba\u8bc1\uff08argument\uff09\u7684\u9996\u8981\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9996\u8981\u539f\u5219\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4ece\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u539f\u5219\u4ea7\u751f\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u900f\u8fc7\u63a8\u7406\u53bb\u8bc1\u660e\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u7528\u54f2\u5b66\u53bb\u89e3\u91ca\u4eba\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff08\u201cexplaining\u201d experience\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u81ea\u6211\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u662f\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u7269\u4f53\u3002\u8981\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u90a3\u4e2a\u201c\u771f\u6211\u201d\uff08\u90a3\u4e2a\u7269\u81ea\u4f53\u7684\u6211\uff0c\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u81ea\u6211\uff08pure selfhood\uff09\uff09\u4f5c\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u2014\u2014\u800c\u8d39\u5e0c\u7279\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u8ddf\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5bc6\u5207\u5173\u8054\u7684\uff1b\u4e0d\u7136\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u7269\u4f53\uff08pure thinghood\uff09\u4f5c\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u90a3\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f\u8ddf\u90a3\u4e2a\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\uff08utter necessity\uff09\u6709\u5173\u7684\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u8bc1\u5b9e\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u8bba\u6211\u4eec\u505a\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u4f60\u8981\u7528\u7eaf\u7cb9\u81ea\u6211\u505a\u5f00\u59cb\u6216\u8005\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u7269\u81ea\u4f53\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4f60\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u4ece\u65e5\u5e38\u7ecf\u9a8c\u62bd\u79bb\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u62bd\u79bb\u884c\u52a8\uff08a self-conscious act of philosophical abstraction\uff09\u3002\u8981\u62bd\u79bb\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u9762\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u8ddf\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u3001\u6211\u8ddf\u5916\u754c\u4e8b\u7269\u3001\u4e3b\u4f53\u8ddf\u5ba2\u4f53\u5c31\u4f1a\u8054\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u4e24\u8005\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6709\u5b83\u7684\u533a\u522b\u7684\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u8981\u7528\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u8981\u7528\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u603b\u4e4b\u4f60\u62bd\u79bb\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u8003\u8651\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd9\u4e2a\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u91cc\u9762\u4f60\u5c31\u8003\u8651\u5230\u6211\u3001\u5916\u754c\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u4e3b\u4f53\u3001\u5ba2\u4f53\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u5916\u754c\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u6216\u8005\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u4f46\u662f\u8054\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\u5f15\u81f4\u4e24\u4e2a\u5f7c\u6b64\u7ade\u4e89\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u8d39\u5e0c\u7279\u57281797\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u4e24\u7bc7\u79d1\u5b66\u8bba\u5bfc\u8bba\uff08Introductions to the Wissenschaftslehre\uff09\u91cc\u9762\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u52fe\u753b\u51fa\uff0c\u4ee5\u7eaf\u7cb9\u81ea\u6211\u4f5c\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u79f0\u4e3a\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08\u7406\u60f3\u4e3b\u4e49\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4ee5\u7269\u81ea\u4f53\u4f5c\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u79f0\u4e3a\u6559\u6761\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08dogmatism\uff09\u3002\u6559\u6761\u4e3b\u4e49\u5fc5\u7136\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u79cd\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u8d39\u5e0c\u7279\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u5bbf\u547d\u8bba\u3002\u800c\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u4ece\u5934\u5c31\u575a\u6301\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u5f7c\u6b64\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u505a\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u59a5\u534f\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c15\u9875\uff0c\u7b2c\u56db\u70b9\uff0c\u6279\u5224\u6559\u6761\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b8c\u5168\u65e0\u80fd\u3002\u867d\u7136\uff0c\u6559\u6761\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u9a73\u5012\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u9a73\u5012\u6559\u6761\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u524d\u63d0\u561b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6559\u6761\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0a\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6210\u5c31\u7684\uff0c\u2014\u2014\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u7eaf\u7cb9\u5ba2\u89c2\u6027\u7269\u81ea\u4f53\u4f5c\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0a\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u6559\u6761\u4e3b\u4e49\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a\u65e5\u5e38\u610f\u8bc6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d85\u9a8c\u7684\u63a8\u7406\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u5fc5\u987b\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u8df3\u8dc3\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8b\u7269\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u8df3\u5230\u7406\u6027\u91cc\u7684\u7406\u6027\u7684\u63cf\u7ed8\u3001\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u4ece\u7269\u81ea\u4f53\u8df3\u5230\u5bf9\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u6216\u8005\u63cf\u7ed8\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee5\u7269\u81ea\u4f53\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\u4f60\u600e\u4e48\u8df3\u5230\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u9762\u5bf9\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u754c\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e94\u70b9\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u54af\uff0c\u8d39\u5e0c\u7279\u4e3a\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u8bf4\u8fa9\u8bcd\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u5374\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u80fd\u591f\u8bc1\u660e\u7406\u6027\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u6839\u636e\u67d0\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b9a\u5f8b\u8fd0\u4f5c\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b9a\u5f8b\u662f\u5fc5\u7136\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\u5fc5\u987b\u8ddf\u7740\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5fc5\u7136\u5b9a\u5f8b\u6765\u8dd1\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u6210\u5c31\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u89e3\u91ca\u6211\u4eec\u65e5\u5e38\u7ecf\u5386\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u3002\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u80fd\u591f\u6839\u636e\u7406\u6027\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8df3\u8dc3\u5230\u7269\u81ea\u4f53\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u5728\u6211\u8ddf\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u91cc\u9762\u3002\u4f60\u4e0d\u9700\u8df3\u5230\u7269\u81ea\u4f53\u90a3\u8fb9\u3002\u4f60\u6559\u6761\u4e3b\u4e49\u53cd\u800c\u8981\u4ece\u4e0a\u9762\u8df3\u5230\u4e0b\u9762\u3002\u6211\u8fd9\u4e2a\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0a\u9762\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8df3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u516d\uff0c\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6682\u65f6\u8fd9\u6837\u8bbe\u5b9a\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5047\u8bbe\uff1a\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u867d\u7136\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u5c42\u9762\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u5b9e\u8df5\u5c42\u9762\u554a\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u5bf9\u5ba2\u89c2\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u8d85\u9a8c\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\uff08\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u524d\u63d0\uff09\u3002\u8d39\u5e0c\u7279\u6700\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5ba3\u79f0\u3001\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u5177\u4e89\u8bae\u6027\u7684\u5ba3\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u4e8b\u5148\u5c31\u88ab\u8bf4\u670d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e8b\u5148\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u7eaf\u7cb9\u6839\u636e\u54f2\u5b66\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u7406\u7531\u5c31\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\uff1b\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u624d\u80fd\u591f\u8fdb\u5165\u5230\u54f2\u5b66\u6216\u8005\u79d1\u5b66\u8bba\u7684\u4e00\u8fde\u4e32\u7684\u63a8\u8bba\u548c\u8bba\u8bc1\u91cc\u9762\uff1b\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u54f2\u5b66\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u5b83\u7684\u524d\u63d0\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u7528\u9053\u5fb7\u6216\u8005\u662f\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u7406\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u8d39\u5e0c\u7279\u7684\u540d\u8a00\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0cthe kind of philosophy one chooses depends upon the kind of person one is\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u4e00\u79cd\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u90a3\u8981\u770b\u4ed6\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e03\uff0c\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u547d\u4ee4\uff08categorical imperative\uff09\u3002\u8d85\u9a8c\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u6216\u8005\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u8bbe\u7acb\u81ea\u5df1\uff08self-positing\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u524d\u63d0\u4e5f\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u7ec8\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u8d39\u5e0c\u7279\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d8a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u88ab\u7981\u6b62\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u575a\u6301\u3002\u6070\u6070\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8d39\u5e0c\u7279\u63d0\u51fa\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u547d\u4ee4\uff08the categorical imperative\uff09\uff0c\u4e3a\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u4ed6\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9996\u8981\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u4f1a\u505a\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u5ba3\u544a\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u8bba\u3001\u6211\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7b26\u5408\u9053\u5fb7\u4e49\u52a1\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u597d\uff0c\u7b2c17\u9875\uff0c\u7b2c\u56db\u5927\u6bb5\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u7efc\u89c8\u4e00\u4e0b\u8036\u62ff\u5927\u5b66\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u8bba\uff08Wissenschaftslehre\uff09\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0cI am conscious of myself\uff0c\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u3002I am conscious that myself conscious\uff0c\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u3002\u5728\u8036\u62ff\u5927\u5b66\u65f6\u671f\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u8bba\u7684\u9996\u8981\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4e00\u5f00\u5377\u5c31\u8bf4\uff0cthe I posits itself as an I\uff0c\u6211\u4ee5\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u6211\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u662f\u6211\uff08I-hood\uff0cself-hood\uff09\u7684\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9996\u8981\u539f\u5219\u5ba3\u79f0\uff0cthe I becomes aware of itself as self aware\uff0c\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u3002the I posits itself as self-positing\uff0c\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6211\u81ea\u6211\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u3002To posit\uff0c\u8bbe\u7acb\uff0c\u5fb7\u6587\u662fsetzen\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u201d\u3001\u201c\u81ea\u6211\u53cd\u7701\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u81ea\u6211\u201c\u521b\u9020\u201d\u4ed6\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u601d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1.2 \u6211\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u6240\u5ba3\u79f0\u7684\u662f\u81ea\u6211\uff08I-hood\uff09\u3001\u6211\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u5ba3\u79f0\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\uff0cone assert ones own self-identity\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u80cc\u540e\u5047\u8bbe\u7740\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f\u5eb7\u5fb7\u7684\u201c\u6211\u601d\u6545\u6211\u5728\u201d\u3002\u81f3\u5c11\u8fd9\u4e2a\u81ea\u6211\u80fd\u591f\u966a\u4f34\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u6709\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u3001\u6240\u6709\u5bf9\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u63cf\u7ed8\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u8fa8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fc3\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5148\u5b58\u7684\u5b58\u6709\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u4f5c\u4e3a\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0cit is an \u201caction\u201d\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e0e\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\uff0cbut it is an action that is identical with the very existence of the same\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8d39\u5e0c\u7279\u7684\u4e13\u7528\u8bcd\u6c47\u201c\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u5408\u4e00\u6027\u201d\uff08the original unity of self-consciousness\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u7b49\u4e8e\u81ea\u6211\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u770b\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e2a\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672a\u7ecf\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u8bf7\u52ff\u64c5\u81ea\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u7f51\u7ad9\u6216\u5e73\u53f0\u8f6c\u8f7d\u548c\u520a\u767b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\uff1b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\u7684\u7248\u6743\u5f52\u300c\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u300d\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u590d\u5370\u51fa\u7248\u7b49\u5546\u4e1a\u7528\u9014\u3002<\/p>\n<p>ccnci.org\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u5723\u7ea6\u5b66\u9662HorizonCovenant@gmail.com\uff08PayPal\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u4e00\u4e0b\u54c8\u3002\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f\u6211\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6211\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6240\u505a\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u6211\u521a\u624d\u505a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u55bb\uff0c\u6211\u8bf4\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u821e\u8e48\u5bb6\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u6f14\u5458\u3002\u7279\u522b\u90a3\u4e2a\u6f14\u5458\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u4eba\u5957\u8fdb\u53bb\u4ed6\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u89d2\u8272\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4ed6\u8eab\u4f53\u4e0a\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ed6\u6574\u4e2a\u4eba\u611f\u89c9\u5230\u8eab\u4f53\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u4e86\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4e0a\u5e1d\u561b\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u552f\u7269\u8bba\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u4e2a\u552f\u7269\u8bba\u7684\u821e\u8e48\u5bb6\u6216\u8005\u6f14\u5458\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u8868\u6f14\u90a3\u573a\u821e\u8e48\u6216\u8005\u620f\u5267\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u6211\u5c31\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u6839\u636e\u4ed6\u5bf9\u4ed6\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u8ddf\u4ed6\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u663e\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u3002\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u7075\u9b42\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u9020\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8981\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4ed6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8eab\u4f53\u4e0a\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u4e0a\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u7684\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u7531\u4ed6\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u9020\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1.3 Myself consciousness is behind every act or every fact in every day experience \uff0cbut I never get to experience to self consciousness \uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2afact\/act\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u8ddf\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u8ddf\u52a8\u4f5c\u662f\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u5b9e\u9645\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u4f5c\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u524d\u63d0\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u4e2a\u52a8\u4f5c\u3001\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u751f\u6d3b\u4e0a\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6211\u662f\u6211\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6211\u662f\u6709\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u4e2a\u821e\u8e48\u5bb6\u4ed6\u4e5f\u8981\u53bb\u4e70\u83dc\u5440\u3001\u5403\u996d\u5450\u3001\u804a\u5929\u5450\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u80cc\u540e\uff0c\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u821e\u8e48\u5bb6\u7684\u81ea\u6211\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6f14\u5458\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u5728\u4e70\u83dc\u3001\u5403\u996d\u3001\u804a\u5929\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u79d2\u949f\u90fd\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4e0d\u5728\u8df3\u821e\u561b\u3001\u4e0d\u5728\u6f14\u620f\u561b\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5bf9\uff1f\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u6bcf\u4e00\u79d2\u949f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u80cc\u540e\uff0c\u662f\u4ed6\u6574\u4e2a\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1.4 I become aware of myself and other things\uff0c\u6211\u540c\u65f6\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u548c\u5916\u754c\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u5c31\u662f\u7b49\u540c\u4e86\u3001\u8ba4\u540c\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u5916\u754c\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8ddf\u6211\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u59cb\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u91cc\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u4e2d\u7684\u8ba4\u540c\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u5728\u4e0e\u6211\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u91cc\u7684\u6211\u7b49\u540c\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8ba4\u7b49\u540c\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u5c31\u540c\u65f6\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u5916\u754c\u662f\u975e\u6211\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u79f0\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u6027\u7684\u76f4\u89c9\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u91cc\u7275\u6d89\u5230\u81ea\u6211\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u4e34\u5728\u7684\uff0c<strong><em>I<\/em><\/strong> \u00a0is immediately present to itself\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u611f\u5b98\u5185\u5bb9\u4e4b\u524d\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u7acb\u7684\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u6211\u611f\u89c9\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u5b83\u4e1c\u897f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u80cc\u540e\u6211\u611f\u89c9\u5230\u6211\u662f\u5728\u611f\u89c9\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u6027\u7684\u76f4\u89c9\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u524d\u63d0\uff0c\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u597d\u53eb\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u89e3\u91ca\u5177\u4f53\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u80fd\u591f\u89e3\u91ca\u6211\u5e73\u5e38\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6211\u4eca\u5929\u80d6\u4e86\u3001\u7626\u4e86\u3001\u5403\u996d\u6709\u80c3\u53e3\u4e86\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u80cc\u540e\u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u800c\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3b\u4f53\u8ddf\u5ba2\u4f53\u5fc5\u7136\u662f\u533a\u522b\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u6211\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u5728\u5403\u8fd9\u4e2a\u996d\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u6211\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u5728\u83dc\u573a\u6240\u4e70\u7684\u83dc\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u7684\u821e\u8e48\u7684\u6216\u8005\u6f14\u5458\u7684\u6559\u7ec3\u6216\u8005\u5bfc\u6f14\u3002\u6211\u662f\u6211\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u91cc\u9762\u5f88\u6df1\u5c42\u7684\u3001\u5f88\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u6211\u3002\u6211\u4e5f\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6211\u4e0d\u662f\u5916\u754c\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>19\u9875\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u76f4\u89c9\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u63a8\u8bba\u51fa\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u662f\u4e2a\u76f4\u89c9\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u5f88\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6761\u8bf4\uff0c\u8d39\u5e0c\u7279\u7528\u201c\u7406\u6027\u7684\u76f4\u89c9\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u6df7\u4e71\u3002\u4ece\u7565\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1.5 \u81ea\u6211\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4ed6\u6240\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u7684\uff0cthe I is not some substance \uff0cit is not a thing\uff0cit is simply what it posits itself to be\u3002\u8d39\u5e0c\u7279\u5bf9\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u662f\uff0c\u6211\uff08I-hood\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u6837\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u63a8\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u63a8\u8bba\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u81ea\u6211\u539f\u672c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u4f53\u3002\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u81ea\u6211\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u8ddf\u6211\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u540c\u7ea7\u7684\u3002\u6211\u5c31\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\uff0c\u7528\u8303\u6cf0\u5c14\u7684\u8bdd\u6765\u8bf4\u8fd9\u53eb\u52a8\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u6211\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u8ddf\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u7801\u4e8b\u3002\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u7075\u9b42\uff0c\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u5927\u5806\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff0819\u9875\uff091.6 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9996\u8981\u539f\u5219\uff08first principal\uff09\u540c\u65f6\u662f\u5b9e\u8df5\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7406\u8bba\u6027\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u8036\u62ff\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u8bba\u7684\u9996\u8981\u539f\u5219\u540c\u6837\u662f\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u548c\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u6211\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u505a\uff08doing\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u77e5\uff08knowing\uff09\u3002\u662f\u884c\u52a8\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8ba4\u77e5\uff08cognition\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7740\u4ece\u5934\u5f00\u59cb\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u7406\u6027\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u7406\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u95ee\u9898\u6027\u7684\u5408\u4e00\uff08the problematic unity\uff09\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u8303\u6cf0\u5c14\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u5b58\u6027\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u6211\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u8ddf\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7406\u8bba\u3001\u7406\u6027\u548c\u4f26\u7406\u548c\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u7406\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u5408\u4e00\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53c8\u662f\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u4e2a\u5408\u4e00\u6027\u4e43\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u5408\u4e00\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u8d39\u5e0c\u7279\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u4f26\u7406\u548c\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u662f\u8ddf\u6211\u7684\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7406\u8bba\u3001\u7406\u6027\u662f\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u80cc\u540e\u6709\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9996\u8981\u539f\u5219\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1.7 \uff0820\u9875\uff09\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u8fd8\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u52a8\u4f5c\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u53d1\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u59cb\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u5462\uff1f\u8d39\u5e0c\u7279\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9996\u8981\u539f\u5219\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6211\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd8\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u53d1\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u90fd\u662f\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u3001\u5355\u7eaf\u7684\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u7136\u540e\u54f2\u5b66\u9700\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u53d1\u73b0\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8fd8\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6700\u540e\u8981\u8fbe\u5230\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u5bf9\u65e5\u5e38\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u5148\u9a8c\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u63a8\u8bba\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6700\u540e\u4f1a\u627e\u5230\u7406\u6027\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f\u8036\u62ff\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u6216\u8005\u662f\u57fa\u7840\u6027\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1.8 \u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u6765\u4e0d\u4f1a\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u3002\u6211\uff0c\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6211\uff0c\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u6211\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u52a8\u4f5c\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u6765\u4e0d\u4f1a\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u7684\uff1b\u4e5f\u4ece\u4e0d\u4f1a\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u8fd9\u662f\u53e6\u52a0\u7684\u3001\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\u3001\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u59cb\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u52a8\u4f5c\u8ddf\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u52a8\u4f5c\u533a\u522b\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e2a\u522b\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u79bb\u5f00\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u5b64\u7acb\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5927\u5806\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u4ee5\u6211\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u4e3a\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u8d77\u53d1\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u610f\u8bc6\u4e0d\u5230\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1.9 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