{"id":10141,"date":"2024-05-09T06:10:27","date_gmt":"2024-05-09T06:10:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/?p=10141"},"modified":"2024-05-09T06:13:09","modified_gmt":"2024-05-09T06:13:09","slug":"%e5%93%b2%e5%ad%a6%e4%b8%8e%e5%9c%a3%e7%bb%8f_%e8%ae%b2%e4%b9%89_11_%e7%9f%a5%e8%af%86%e8%ae%ba%e7%9a%84%e5%af%b9%e7%ab%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/?p=10141","title":{"rendered":"\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0e\u5723\u7ecf_\u8bb2\u4e49_11_\u77e5\u8bc6\u8bba\u7684\u5bf9\u7acb"},"content":{"rendered":"

[XI] \u77e5\u8bc6\u8bba\u7684\u5bf9\u7acbTHE ANTITHESIS IN EPISTEMOLOGY<\/strong> (30-33)<\/p>\n

\u6211\u5728\u524d\u6587\u5df2\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff1a\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u5bf9\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u609f\u6027\uff08\u7406\u89e3\uff09\uff0c\u611a\u62d9\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6559\u5bfc\u3002<\/p>\n

As I indicated earlier, the Bible has much to say about wisdom, knowing, understanding, foolishness.<\/p>\n

\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\uff08\u4eba\u7c7b\uff09\u77e5\u8bc6\u8bba\uff0c\u4e43\u6e90\u81ea\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u89c2\u3002<\/p>\n

The biblical doctrine of human knowledge comes out of the general biblical worldview.<\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\uff0c\u5bf9\u77e5\u8bc6\u8bba\u6709\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6db5\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n

God\u2019s lordship has clear epistemological implications.<\/p>\n

[1] \u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u638c\u63a7\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6<\/strong><\/p>\n

GOD\u2019S CONTROL & MAN\u2019S KNOWLEDGE<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1.1] \u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027POSSIBILITY OF KNOWLEDGE<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u5e1d\u65e2\u7136\u662f\u4e07\u7269\u7684\u638c\u63a7\u8005\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u80fd\u5426\u83b7\u5f97\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u83b7\u5f97\uff0c\u90fd\u7531\u7942\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

Since God is the controller<\/em> of things,\u00a0 it is for him to determine whether or not we gain knowledge, and under what conditions.<\/p>\n

[1.2] \u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u77e5\u9053\u4ec0\u4e48OBJECT(S) OF KNOWLEDGE: WHAT TO KNOW<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u548c\u7942\u6240\u521b\u9020\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n

The objects of knowledge are God himself and the world he has made.<\/p>\n

[1.3] \u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\uff1a\u4eba\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u8005SUBJECT OF KNOWLEDGE: THE KNOWER<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4eba\u7c7b\uff0c\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\uff08\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e8b\u7269\u8005\uff09\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6240\u521b\u9020\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

The human subject of knowledge is God\u2019s creature and God\u2019s image.<\/p>\n

\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\uff08\u5b58\u5728\uff09\u80fd\u5426\u4e0e\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\/\u5ba2\u4f53\u7ef4\u6301\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u679c\u6548\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u4ea7\u751f\u77e5\u8bc6\uff1f\u8fd9\u7531\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

Can the subject (existential) enter into a fruitful relation to the object (situational) so that knowledge takes place?\u00a0 That is for God to determine.<\/p>\n

[2] \u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6GOD\u2019S AUTHORITY AND MAN\u2019S KNOWLEDGE<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u5e1d\u65e2\u7136\u662f\u5b87\u5b99\u4e07\u7269\u7684\u6743\u5a01<\/em>\uff0c\u7942\u662f\u4e07\u7269\u7684\u771f\u5047\u548c\u662f\u975e\uff08\u51c6\u5219\uff09\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u51c6\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n

Since God is the authority<\/em> of all things, he is the ultimate criterion of truth and falsity, right and wrong (normative).<\/p>\n

\u4eba\u7c7b\u82e5\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u7b26\u5408\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51c6\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n

If it is possible for human beings to know anything, their knowledge must meet these criteria.<\/p>\n

[3] \u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u4e34\u5728\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6GOD\u2019S PRESENCE AND MAN\u2019S KNOWLEDGE<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u4f7f\u4eba\u7c7b\u5177\u4f53\u6709\/\u83b7\u5f97\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u4e34\u5728\uff08\u5b58\u5728\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

It is the presence<\/em> of God, however (existential), that makes human knowledge actual.<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u300e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u4e34\u5728\u300f\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u7942\u5411\u7942\u7684\u88ab\u9020\u7269\u542f\u793a\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u5411\u4eba\u542f\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n

For part of the biblical meaning of God\u2019s presence is that he reveals himself to his creatures, specifically to human beings.<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7942\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u4e3b\u52a8\uff0c\u542f\u793a\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u3002<\/p>\n

We know God and the world because he has taken the initiative to reveal himself.<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n

Otherwise, we could have no knowledge at all.<\/p>\n

[4] \u77e5\u8bc6\u8bba\u7684\u626d\u66f2DISTORTIONS IN EPISTEMOLOGY<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\u548c\u77e5\u8bc6\u8bba\u90fd\u4f9d\u9760\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8d85\u8d8a\uff08\u638c\u63a7\u548c\u6743\u5a01\uff09\u548c\u7942\u7684\u4e34\u5728\uff08\u540c\u5728\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

So epistemology as well as metaphysics depends on God\u2019s transcendence (control and authority) and immanence (presence).<\/p>\n

\u800c\u975e\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5bf9\u8d85\u8d8a\u548c\u4e34\u5728\u7684\u626d\u66f2\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u77e5\u8bc6\u8bba\u4e0a\u7684\u626d\u66f2\u3002<\/p>\n

And the non-Christian distortions of transcendence and immanence also create distortions in epistemology.<\/p>\n

\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u5b58\u6709\u8005\u7684\u8d85\u8d8a \uff0c\u82e5\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f53\u7136\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7942\u3002<\/p>\n

If the absolute being is transcendent in the non-biblical sense of being inaccessible to the world, then of course we cannot know him.<\/p>\n

\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5b87\u5b99\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\uff08\u552f\u6709\uff09\u4e0a\u5e1d\u63d0\u4f9b\u8ba4\u8bc6\u771f\u7406\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u51c6\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n

And we cannot know the world either, because God furnishes the only criteria by which we can discover truth.<\/p>\n

\u540c\u6837\u5730\uff0c\u7edd\u5bf9\u8005\u7684\u4e34\u5728\u6027\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u4e34\u5728\uff0c\u610f\u5373\uff1a\u4ed6\u4e0e\u5b87\u5b99\u7b49\u540c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u662f\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u7406\u667a\u4e5f\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u7edd\u5bf9\uff08\u8005\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

Similarly, if the absolute is immanent in the non-biblical sense of being identical with the world, then our knowledge is autonomous and human reason becomes an absolute.<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u77e5\u8bc6\u8bba\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u6211\u4eec\u957f\u65b9\u5f62\u7684\u56fe\u8868\uff1b\u53c2\u56fe\u88681.6\u3002<\/p>\n

So we can interpret our rectangular diagram in epistemological terms; see fig. 1.6.<\/p>\n

\u7b26\u5408\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684<\/strong><\/p>\n

BIBLICAL\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 NON-BIBLICAL<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1] \u7406\u6027\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 [3] \u975e\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49
\nReason limited\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Irrationalism<\/p>\n

[2] \u7406\u6027\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u8ba4\u77e5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 [4] \u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49<\/p>\n

Reason competent\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Rationalism<\/p>\n

Fig. 1.6.\u00a0 \u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u975e\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49 Concept of Rationalism and Irrationalism<\/p>\n

[1] \u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8d85\u8d8a\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7406\u667a\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

[1] tells us that our reason is limited because of God\u2019s transcendence.<\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u5e1d\u624d\u662f\u5b87\u5b99\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u7684\u638c\u63a7\u8005\u548c\u6743\u5a01\uff1b\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u3002<\/p>\n

He, not we, is the ultimate controller and authority for knowledge.<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff08\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u77e5\u9053\u7684\uff09\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u95e8\u5f92\u751f\u6d3b (our discipleship) \u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\uff1b\u662f\u4ec6\u4eba\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n

Our knowledge is an aspect of our discipleship, that is, a servant knowledge<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u662f\u670d\u5728\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u638c\u63a7\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff1b\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6743\u5a01\u6027\u7684\u542f\u793a\uff0c\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u601d\u8003\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u5b9a\u5f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

It is subject to God\u2019s control, and his authoritative revelation constitutes the highest laws of thought for<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    [ \u6ce8\u811a\u56db\u5341\u4e09\u3002\u5728\u54f2\u5b66\u754c\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u601d\u8003\u7684\u5b9a\u5f8b\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u6307\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1a\u4e0d\u77db\u76fe\u5f8b (law of non-contradiction)\uff1b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u540c\u6837\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u662fA\u4e5f\u662f\u975eA\uff1b\u540c\u4e00\u5f8b (the law of identity)\uff1b\u548c\u6392\u4e2d\u5f8b (law of the excluded middle)\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u8981\u5c31\u662fA\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5c31\u662f\u975eA\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u540c<\/p>\n

    \u65f6\u548c\u5728\u540c\u6837\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u662fA\u4e5f\u662f\u975eA\u3002\u6211\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u5ba3\u79f0\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u542f\u793a\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6743\u5a01\uff0c\u8fde\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u903b<\/p>\n

    \u8f91\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u670d\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u542f\u793a\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002]<\/p>\n

    [Footnote 43.\u00a0 In philosophy, the laws of thought <\/em>are generally identified as the basic laws of logic: the law of non-contradiction (nothing can be both A and not-A at the same time and in the same respect), the law of identity (everything is what it is), and the law of the excluded middle (everything is either<\/em> A or <\/em>not-A; nothing can be both at the same time and in the same respect).\u00a0 What I am claiming is that God\u2019s revelation has higher authority even than any human system of logic.]<\/p>\n

    [2] \u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7406\u667a\u867d\u7136\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u80fd\u529b(competence) \u8ba4\u8bc6\u771f\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

    [2] tells us that although our reason is limited, it is competent to know truth.<\/p>\n

    \u4eba\u7c7b\u6709\u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f\u4e34\u5728\u7684\uff0c\u7942\u5df2\uff08\u8bd1\u8005\u6309\uff1a\u5728\u65f6\u7a7a\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\uff09\u542f\u793a\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u4e5f\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u542f\u793a\u4e86\u6709\u5173\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u548c\u6211\u4eec\uff08\u4eba\u7c7b\uff09\u7684\u771f\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

    It is competent because God has become immanent and has revealed himself and has revealed truths about the world, history, and ourselves.<\/p>\n

    [3] is an epistemological corollary to the non-Christian understanding of transcendence.<\/p>\n

    [3] \u662f\u4ece\u975e\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u8d85\u8d8a\u89c2\u6240\u63a8\u51fa\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u8bba\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u300e\u7edd\u5bf9\u300f\uff08\u7edd\u5bf9\u8005\uff09\u82e5\u662f\u79bb\u4e16\u754c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fdc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5b83\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u7406\u7531\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u83b7\u77e5\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7406\u7531\u76f8\u4fe1\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7406\u6027\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n

    If the absolute is so far from the world that we cannot know it, then human beings have no reason to think that they have access to truth, that their reason is competent to know the world.<\/p>\n

    [4] \u662f\u975e\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5bf9\u4e34\u5728\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5728\u77e5\u8bc6\u8bba\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u63a8\u8bba\u3002\u300e\u7edd\u5bf9\u300f\uff08\u7edd\u5bf9\u8005\uff09\u7684\u4e34\u5728\uff0c\u82e5\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u667a\u6167\u4e3a\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u7406\u667a\u5c31\u662f\u771f\u5047\u7684\u81f3\u9ad8\u88c1\u5224\u8005\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

    [4] is an epistemological corollary to the non-Christian understanding of immanence.\u00a0 If the immanence of the absolute establishes human wisdom as absolute, then the human mind is the final determinant of truth and falsity.\u00a0 That is, we are autonomous.<\/p>\n

    \u975e\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4f1a\u5faa\u4f8b\u79f0\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u601d\u60f3\u4e3a\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u975e\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

    Now, non-Christians routinely speak of Christian thought as rationalistic and irrationalistic.<\/p>\n

    [5] \u975e\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u6279\u5224\uff1a\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u5411\u4e0a\u5e1d\u964d\u670d\uff1a\u8fd9\u7b49\u4e8e\u7406\u6027\u672c\u8eab\u6295\u964d\uff01<\/strong><\/p>\n

    NON-CHRISTIANS\u2019 CRITIQUE: CHRISTIANS SURRENDER AUTONOMY<\/strong><\/p>\n

    SURRENDERING AUTONOMY = SURRENDERING REASON ITSELF<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u5f53\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u8bba\u5230\u4eba\u7c7b\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6709\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u9700\u8981\u5411\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u542f\u793a\u964d\u670d\u65f6[1]\uff0c\u975e\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5f80\u5f80\u770b\u5230\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u5411\u4e0a\u5e1d\u964d\u670d\u800c\u611f\u5230\u6050\u6016\u3002<\/p>\n

    When a Christian speaks of the limits of human thought, the need to bow to God\u2019s revelation [1], non-Christian respondents are appalled at their surrender of autonomy.<\/p>\n

    \u5bf9\u975e\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u964d\u670d\uff0c\u5c31\u7b49\u4e8e\u7406\u6027\u672c\u8eab\u6295\u964d\u3002<\/p>\n

    To non-Christians, to surrender autonomy is to abandon reason itself.<\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u662f\u5eb7\u5fb7\u7684\u300a\u5b8c\u5168\u5728\u7406\u6027\u9650\u5236\u4e4b\u4e0b\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u5185\u6240\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

    Kant made much of this argument in his Religion within the Limits of Reason Alone<\/em>.<\/p>\n

    \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u8bf4\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u7406\u6027\u6709\u80fd\u529b(competence) \u8ba4\u8bc6\u771f\u7406\u65f6\uff0c\u975e\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n

    But when a Christian speaks of the competence of human reason to know truth, non-Christians regard him as a rationalist.<\/p>\n

    \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u58f0\u79f0\u81ea\u5df1\u80fd\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7edd\u5bf9\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u9519\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u58f0\u79f0\u662f\u50b2\u6162\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

    To postmodernists, for example, the very claim to know absolute truth is necessarily wrong.\u00a0 It is an arrogant claim.<\/p>\n

    [ \u6ce8\u811a\u56db\u5341\u56db\u3002\u6839\u636e\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u300e\u53d9\u8ff0\u300f\uff08\u7406\u8bba\uff09\uff0c\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5ba3\u79f0\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u662f\u975e\u7406\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5ba3\u79f0\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8bc1\u636e (insufficient claims for claims)\u3002\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u4e5f\u5ba3\u79f0\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u662f\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5ba3\u79f0\u81ea\u5df1\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7edd\u5bf9\u771f\u7406\u3002]<\/p>\n

    [Footnote 44. \u00a0In the postmodern narrative, the modernists claimed that Christians are irrational because they did not have sufficient evidence for their claims.\u00a0 The postmodernists claim that Christians are rationalist because they claim to know absolute truth.]<\/p>\n

    \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u548c\u975e\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u6307\u63a7\u5bf9\u65b9\u662f\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u4e5f\u6307\u63a7\u5bf9\u65b9\u662f\u975e\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n

    So both Christians and non-Christians charge each other with being rationalist and irrationalist.<\/p>\n

    [6] \u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u56de\u5e94\uff1a\u5206\u6790\u975e\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7acb\u573a <\/strong><\/p>\n

    CHRISTIAN RESPONSE: ANALYSIS OF NON-CHRISTIAN VIEW<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff0c\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\uff08\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff09\u5bf9\u975e\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\uff1b\u800c\uff08\u975e\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff09\u5bf9\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u5374\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u3002\u6211\u5728\u4e0a\u6587\u5df2\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e24\u65b9\u7684\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5f88\u660e\u663e\u3002
    \nAs a Christian, I believe that the non-Christians are guilty of this criticism, the Christians non-guilty, for reasons that should be evident from my description of these two positions.<\/p>\n

    \u73b0\u5728\u6211\u518d\u8be6\u7ec6\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u975e\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u3002<\/p>\n

    To consider the non-Christian position more fully:<\/p>\n

    \u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u89c6\u54f2\u5b66\u53f2\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u975e\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u7406\u6027\u4f20\u7edf\uff08\u601d\u60f3\u5b66\u6d3e\uff09\uff0c\u603b\u5728\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u975e\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u95f4\u6446\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n

    As we look at the history of philosophy, we will see that the non-Christian intellectual traditions vacillate between rationalism and irrationalism.<\/p>\n

    \u6b63\u5982\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\u7684\u300e\u8d85\u8d8a\u300f\u548c\u300e\u4e34\u5728\u300f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5f20\u529b\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u975e\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u975e\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e5f\u662f\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u540a\u8be1\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u4ed6\u4eec\u540c\u65f6\u5f7c\u6b64\u5f3a\u5316\u5bf9\u65b9(reinforce each other)\u3002<\/p>\n

    As with the metaphysical tension of transcendence and immanence, non-Christian rationalism and irrationalism are inconsistent with each other, but they also, paradoxically, reinforce each other.<\/p>\n

    \u6015\u95e8\u5c3c\u5fb7\u7684\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u670d\u4ed6\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8be1\u8fa9\u5bb6\u548c\u300e\u4e2d\u7ea7\u5b66\u9662\u300f (Middle Academy) \u7684\u6000\u7591\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n

    Parmenides\u2019 rationalism failed to impress later generations of thinkers, leading to the skepticism and relativism of Sophism and the Middle Academy.<\/p>\n

    \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6000\u7591\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f88\u96be\u8ba9\u4eba\u6ee1\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53c8\u5bfc\u81f4\u65b0\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n

    But few could rest content with skepticism and relativism, leading to a new form of rationalism in Neo-Platonism.<\/p>\n

    \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u5708\u5b50\uff0c\u51e0\u767e\u5e74\u6765\u603b\u662f\u4ece\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u6447\u6446\u5230\u975e\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53c8\u6447\u6446\u56de\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n

    So the philosophical community over the centuries has vacillated from rationalism to irrationalism and back again.<\/p>\n

    \u6700\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u4f1a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u7ed3\u5408\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u539f\u5219\u548c\u975e\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n

    The greatest philosophers have tried to combine rationalistic and irrationalistic principles in a single system.<\/p>\n

    \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u5bf9\u300e\u5f62\u5f0f\u300f\u662f\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u5bf9\u300e\u7269\u8d28\u4e16\u754c\u300f\u5219\u662f\u975e\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

    So Plato is rationalistic about the Forms, irrationalistic about the material world.<\/p>\n

    \u4e9a\u91cc\u65af\u591a\u7279\u548c\u666e\u7f57\u8bfa\u65af\uff08\u65b0\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff09\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002
    \nSame for Aristotle and Plotinus.<\/p>\n

    \u5eb7\u5fb7\u5bf9\u300e\u73b0\u8c61\u754c\u300f\u662f\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u5bf9\u300e\u7269\u81ea\u4f53\u754c\u300f\u5219\u662f\u975e\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

    Kant is rationalistic about phenomena, irrationalistic about the noumenal world.<\/p>\n

    \u7ef4\u6839\u65af\u5766\u5bf9\u4ed6\u7684\u300e\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u300f(perfect language) \u662f\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\uff1b\u5bf9\u300e\u795e\u79d8\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u300f\u5219\u662f\u975e\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

    Wittgenstein is rationalistic about his perfect language, irrationalistic about his \u201cmystical\u201d world.<\/p>\n

    \u6211\u4eec\u5728\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002
    \nWe will see other examples throughout this book.<\/p>\n

    \u4e24\u4e2a\u7acb\u573a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u4e43\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

    The dynamic between the two positions is as follows:<\/p>\n

    \u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u82e5\u662f\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u667a\u5728\u8ffd\u5bfb\u77e5\u8bc6\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u72af\u9519\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u7406\u667a\u7684\u786e\u4f1a\u72af\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n

    If rationalism is true, the mind should not make errors in its quest for knowledge.<\/p>\n

    But it does.<\/p>\n

    \u7406\u667a\u72af\u9519\u65f6\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e0d\u60f3\u8d23\u602a\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\uff1a\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u7406\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

    When it does, philosophers do not want to blame their autonomous reason (the subject of knowledge).<\/p>\n

    \u4ed6\u4eec\u8d23\u602a\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5ba2\u4f53\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\uff1a\u4e16\u754c\u672c\u8eab\u3002<\/p>\n

    Rather, they blame the world, the object of knowledge.<\/p>\n

    \uff08\u4ed6\u4eec\u5ba3\u79f0\uff1a\uff09\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u667a\u4e0d\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u77e5\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

    The mind cannot attain perfect knowledge because the world is not perfectly knowable.<\/p>\n

    \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u53c8\u56de\u5230\u975e\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n

    So rationalism leads back to irrationalism.<\/p>\n

    \u6279\u5224CRITIQUE<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u600e\u4f1a\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u975e\u7406\u6027\u7684\uff1f<\/p>\n

    But how do we know that the world is irrational?<\/p>\n

    \u5f53\u7136\u662f\u9760\u6211\u4eec\uff08\u5047\u88c5\u662f\uff09\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n

    By our would-be autonomous knowledge, of course.<\/p>\n

    \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u975e\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u53c8\u5e26\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u5230\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n

    So irrationalism leads back to rationalism.<\/p>\n

    \u7b80\u8a00\u4e4b\uff1a<\/p>\n

    Or, to shorten the discussion:<\/p>\n

    \u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u975e\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u5730\u575a\u6301\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\uff1a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u575a\u6301\u662f\u4e0d\u591f\u7406\u6027\u6839\u636e\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

    Philosophers assert rationalism irrationally, for there is no adequate ground for asserting it.<\/p>\n

    \u540c\u65f6\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e5f\u5f88\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u575a\u6301\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u975e\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5176\u6839\u636e\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u7406\u667a\u3002<\/p>\n

    And philosophers assert irrationalism rationalistically, on the basis of their autonomous intellect.<\/p>\n

    \u56e0\u6b64\u5f52\u6839\u7a76\u5e95\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5f7c\u6b64\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\uff0c\u5374\u662f\u5f7c\u6b64\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6839\u636e\u7684\uff0c\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u7b49\u540c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

    So in the end, the two positions, inconsistent as they are, are based on each other and are in one sense identical.<\/p>\n

    \u8303\u6cf0\u5c14\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u6210\u5c31\uff08\u4e4b\u4e00\uff09\u662f\uff1a\u4ed6\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u975e\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5f7c\u6b64\u6446\u52a8\u6765\u8bb2\u8ff0\uff08\u897f\u65b9\uff09\u54f2\u5b66\u53f2\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4ed6\u540c\u65f6\u53d9\u8ff0\u548c\u6279\u8bc4\u4e86\u54f2\u5b66\u53f2\u3002<\/p>\n

    It was Van Til\u2019s great accomplishment to narrate the history of philosophy as a movement from rationalism to irrationalism and back again, a description of non-Christian thought and a critique of it at the same time.<\/p>\n

    \u6211\u5728\u672c\u4e66\u5404\u7ae0\u5c06\u5e38\u5e38\u63d0\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

    I will frequently mention this pattern in the historical chapters of this volume.<\/p>\n

    ccnci.org\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u5723\u7ea6\u5b66\u9662 HorizonCovenant@gmail.com\uff08PayPal\uff09<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    [XI] \u77e5\u8bc6\u8bba\u7684\u5bf9\u7acbTHE ANTITHESIS IN EPISTEMOLOGY (30-33) \u6211\u5728\u524d\u6587\u5df2 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[125],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10141","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-125"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10141","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10141"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10141\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10141"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10141"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10141"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}