{"id":10047,"date":"2024-04-10T06:30:28","date_gmt":"2024-04-10T06:30:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/?p=10047"},"modified":"2024-04-10T07:05:44","modified_gmt":"2024-04-10T07:05:44","slug":"%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e7%a5%9e%e5%ad%a6_04_%e7%a5%9e%e7%9a%84%e5%ad%98%e5%9c%a8%ef%bc%88%e7%a5%9e%e7%9a%84%e5%8f%af%e7%9f%a5%e6%80%a7%e5%92%8c%e7%a5%9e%e4%b8%8d%e5%8f%af%e7%9f%a5%e6%80%a7%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/?p=10047","title":{"rendered":"\u7cfb\u7edf\u795e\u5b66_04_\u795e\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff08\u795e\u7684\u53ef\u77e5\u6027\u548c\u795e\u4e0d\u53ef\u77e5\u6027\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <style> #h5vp6a3e31c9e539e .h5vp_video_overlay{ top:10px; left:10px; } .popup_close_btn { display:none }.h5vp_player.popup_close .plyr { display:none }.h5vp_popup_wrapper.popup_close video { display:none }#h5vp6a3e31c9e539e video { max-width:100% }#h5vp6a3e31c9e539e { border-radius:0px }#h5vp6a3e31c9e539e { overflow:hidden }#h5vp6a3e31c9e539e 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class=\"popup_close_btn\">&times;<\/div>\r\n            <div class=\"h5vp_popup_overlay\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- for library  -->\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<video   data-poster=\"\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\tpreload=\"auto\"\r\n                                                            >\r\n                    <source src=\"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/video\/\u7cfb\u7edf\u795e\u5b66\/1998_\u7cfb\u7edf\u795e\u5b66\/\u7cfb\u7edf\u795e\u5b66_04_\u795e\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff08\u795e\u7684\u53ef\u77e5\u6027\u548c\u795e\u4e0d\u53ef\u77e5\u6027\uff09\/playlist.m3u8\" size=\"720\" type=\"video\/mp4\"\/>\r\n                                        \r\n                    \t\t\t\t<\/video>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<!-- for youtube -->\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <style>\r\n .player10062  .plyr__controls,\r\n .player10062 .StampAudioPlayerSkin{\r\n  border-radius: 10px;\r\n  overflow: hidden;\r\n }\r\n .player10062{\r\n  margin: 0 auto; }\r\n .player10062 .plyr__controls 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data-options='{&quot;controls&quot;:[&quot;play&quot;,&quot;progress&quot;,&quot;duration&quot;,&quot;mute&quot;,&quot;volume&quot;,&quot;settings&quot;],&quot;seekTime&quot;:10,&quot;skin&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Audio Title&quot;,&quot;author&quot;:&quot;Author Name&quot;,&quot;disableDownload&quot;:false,&quot;fusionDownload&quot;:true,&quot;color&quot;:&quot;#fff&quot;,&quot;background&quot;:&quot;#333&quot;,&quot;repeat&quot;:false,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;opt-1&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:false,&quot;muted&quot;:false,&quot;disablePause&quot;:false}'>\r\n    <audio  playsinline preload=\"auto\" class=\"player10062\" id=\"player10062\">\r\n      <source src=\"https:\/\/ccnci.org\/video\/\u7cfb\u7edf\u795e\u5b66\/1998_\u7cfb\u7edf\u795e\u5b66\/\u7cfb\u7edf\u795e\u5b66_04_\u795e\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff08\u795e\u7684\u53ef\u77e5\u6027\u548c\u795e\u4e0d\u53ef\u77e5\u6027\uff09.mp3\" type=\"audio\/mp3\">\r\n        Your browser does not support the audio element.\r\n    <\/audio>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7cfb\u7edf\u795e\u5b66_04 \u795e\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff08\u795e\u7684\u53ef\u77e5\u6027\u548c\u795e\u4e0d\u53ef\u77e5\u6027\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e3b\u8bb2:\u6797\u6148\u4fe1\u7267\u5e08_\u6821\u5bf9\uff1a\u5218\u52a0\u7acb_\u6587\u5b57\uff1aVivian<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\uff08<u>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5206\u9898<\/u>\uff09<u>\u795e\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u5417<\/u>\uff1f<\/strong>\u90a3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8ddf\u8ba4\u8bc6\u795e\u662f\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u4e25\u683c\u6765\u8bf4\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b97\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u9898\u76ee\u3001\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b97\u662f\u5728\u62a4\u6559\u5b66\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u9898\u76ee\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e94\u70b9\u5462\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b66\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3001\u4e00\u4e9bcommon knowledge\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bb2\u5b8c\u8fd9\u4e94\u70b9\u4e4b\u540e\u5462\uff0c\u4f1a\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bc4\u8bba\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u73b0\u5728\u5462\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u7eaf\u7cb9\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u54f2\u5b66\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6765\u8ba8\u8bba\u3001\u6765\u63d0\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e00.\u662fOntological Argument\u4ece\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u795e\u7684\u5b58\u5728:<\/strong>\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u8bb2\u4e4b\u524d\u5462\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u5bf9\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e5f\u8981\u516c\u5e73\u4e00\u70b9\uff1a<strong>\u901a\u5e38\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bc1\u660e\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u795e\u5b58\u5728\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u7684argument\u662f\u201c<\/strong>if it justifiable to believe in God<strong>\u76f8\u4fe1\u795e\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5408\u7406\u5417?<\/strong>\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u95ee\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u554a\u3002\u597d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u70b9\u2026\u8fd9\u4e94\u65b9\u9762\u5462\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u6bd4\u8f83\u96be\u61c2\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5c31\u82b1\u591a\u4e00\u70b9\u65f6\u95f4\u8ddf\u5927\u5bb6\u8bb2\u4e00\u8bb2\u201c\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u795e\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u8bba\u8c03\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bba\u8c03\u546211\u300112\u4e16\u7eaa\u5c31\u6709\u4e86\uff0c\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\uff081\uff09\u8bf7\u4f60\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u5728\u7269<\/strong>conceive of a being\u3001\u5728\u8111\u888b\u91cc\u9762\u8981\u60f3\u4e00\u4e2abeing\uff08\u5b58\u5728\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e2abeing\uff08\u5b58\u5728\uff09\u5927\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2abeing\uff08\u5b58\u5728\uff09\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d3b\u7269\u6216\u8005\u5b58\u5728\u7269\u5462\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u60f3\u8c61\u4e3a\u6bd4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u2014\u2014\u82f1\u6587\u90a3\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b57\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u5c31\u8981\u8bb2\u5f88\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\uff0c\u82f1\u6587\u662fconceive of a being greater than which nothing can be conceived\uff1a\u4f60\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e2abeing\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u5728\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u6709\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\uff082\uff09\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u6709\u4f53\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u60f3\u8c61\u4e3a\u6bd4\u4ed6\u66f4\u5927\u7684<\/strong>Conceive of a being greater than which nothing can be conceived.\u4f60\u65e2\u7136\u8fd9\u6837\u5b50conceive\u60f3\u8c61\u4e86,\u56e0\u6b64\u5462\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b58\u5728\u4f53\u2014\u2014\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u5728\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u60f3\u8c61\u4e3a\u6bd4\u4ed6\u66f4\u5927\u201d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u5728\u4f53\u5462\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5c31\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u91cc\u9762\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u70b9\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u70b9\u662f\u8981\u6709\u60f3\u8c61\uff1a\u6ca1\u6709\u6bd4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u60f3\u8c61\u4e3a\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u5b58\u6709\u4f53\u3002\u597d\uff0c\u60f3\u8c61\u4e86\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b58\u6709\u4f53\u3001\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5927\u5230\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61\u4e3a\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u5c31\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u91cc\u9762\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u2014\u2014\u7b2c\u4e09\u70b9\u6bd4\u8f83\u957f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\uff083\uff09\u5047\u5982\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b58\u6709\u4f53<\/strong>\u3001\u8fd9\u4e2abeing\uff08\u5b58\u5728\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u60f3\u8c61\u4e3a\u6bd4\u4ed6\u66f4\u5927\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u5462\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u8fd9\u4e2a<strong>\u53ea\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u5916\u754c\u7684\u8bdd\u5462\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u60f3\u8c61\u4e3a\u6bd4\u4ed6\u66f4\u5927\u201d\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u5b58\u6709\u4f53\u4e86\u3002<\/strong>\u6211\u518d\u8bf4\u4e00\u904d\u7b2c\u4e09\u70b9\uff1a\u5047\u5982\u4ed6\u5149\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u5916\u754c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u88ab\u60f3\u8c61\u4e3a\u6bd4\u4ed6\u66f4\u5927\u201d\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u5b58\u6709\u4f53\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u4e09\u70b9\u3002\u9644\u52a0\u4e00\u70b9<strong>\uff083a\uff09<\/strong>\u56e0\u4e3a<strong>\u90a3\u4e2a\u5b58\u6709\u4f53\u2014\u2014\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u88ab\u60f3\u8c61\u4e3a\u6bd4\u4ed6\u66f4\u5927\u201d\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u5462\u2014\u2014\u5c31\u662f\u6700\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u5462\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u53c8\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3001\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u5916\u754c\u7684\uff0c\u624d\u53eb\u505a\u6700\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u3002<\/strong>\u6211\u518d\u8bf4\uff083a\uff09\uff1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u90a3\u4e2a\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u7269\u88ab\u60f3\u8c61\u4e3a\u6bd4\u4ed6\u66f4\u5927\u201d\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u5b58\u6709\u4f53\u5462\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u53c8\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7406\u6027\u91cc\u3001\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u5916\u754c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5047\u5982\u5149\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u5916\u754c\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u3001\u6700\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u597d\uff0c\u7b2c\u56db\u70b9.<strong>\uff084\uff09\u56e0\u6b64\u5b87\u5b99\u91cc\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e1c\u897f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u60f3\u8c61\u4e3a\u6bd4\u4ed6\u66f4\u5927\u201d\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u5462\u53c8\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u4e5f\u5728\u5916\u754c\u7684\u3002<\/strong>\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u56db\u70b9\u3002<strong>\uff084a\uff09\u56e0\u6b64\u795e\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/strong>Ok.\u6211\u518d\u8bf4\uff1a<strong>\uff081\uff09<\/strong>\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u2014\u2014\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e1c\u897f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u60f3\u8c61\u4e3a\u6bd4\u4ed6\u66f4\u5927\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u60f3\u8c61\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u3002<strong>\uff082\uff09<\/strong>\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4e1c\u897f\u5c31\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u7406\u6027\u3001\u4f60\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u91cc\u3002<strong>\uff083\uff09<\/strong>\u5047\u5982\u5149\u5728\u7406\u6027\u3001\u4e0d\u5728\u5916\u754c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6700\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u4e00\u5b9a\u53c8\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u7406\u6027\u91cc\u3001\u4e5f\u5728\u5916\u754c\u3002<strong>\uff084\uff09<\/strong>\u56e0\u6b64\u90a3\u4e2a\u6700\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u60f3\u8c61\u4e3a\u6bd4\u4ed6\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u201d\u5462\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u53c8\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u601d\u60f3\u91cc\u3001\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u5916\u754c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u5b58\u5728\u2014\u2014\u795e\u5b58\u5728\u3002 \u201c\u65e0\u4e2d\u751f\u6709\u201d\u5bf9\u5427\uff1f\u554a\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u554a\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u4e4b\u524d\u60f3\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002\u4eba\u65e2\u7136\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u65e0\u9650\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u5c31\u5b58\u5728\u54af\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e8c.Cosmological Argument\uff08\u5b87\u5b99\u8bba\u6216\u56e0\u679c\u8bba\uff09\u3002<\/strong>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff1a\u6709\u5176\u679ceffect\uff0c\u5fc5\u6709\u5176\u56e0cause\u2014\u2014\u4e07\u4e8b\u90fd\u6709\u56e0\u3001\u6709\u679c\u3002\u90a3\u8fd9\u6837\u5b50\u63a8\u4e0a\u53bb\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u603b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b2c\u4e00\u56e0\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u56e0\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7b2c\u4e00\u56e0\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u795e\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5728\u5b87\u5b99\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u56e0\u3001\u6709\u679c\uff0c\u90a3\u603b\u6709\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u56e0\u7684\u56e0uncaused cause.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e09.Teleological<\/strong> <strong>Argument(<\/strong><strong>\u76ee\u7684\u8bba)\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201ctelos\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u201ct-e-l-o-s\u201d\u662f\u89e3\u201cpurpose\uff08\u76ee\u7684\uff09\u201d\u3001\u201cdesign\uff08\u8ba1\u5212\uff09\u201d\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\u4eba\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u8363\u8000\u795e\u2014\u2014\u201c\u76ee\u6807\u201d\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201cTeleological Argument(\u76ee\u7684\u8bba)\u201d\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u5b50\u7684\u2014\u2014\u5230\u4e8618\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u53c8\u8bb2\u5f97\u6bd4\u8f83\u8be6\u7ec6\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u5b83\u8bf4\uff1a\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\u4f60\u53bb\u68ee\u6797\u53bbforest\u554a\u4f60\u53bb\u91ce\u9910\u3001\u65c5\u884c\uff0c\u5728\u68ee\u6797\u91cc\u9762\u6361\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868a watch\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u4e2aclock\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8bf4\u201c\u5b83\u662f\u5076\u7136\u51d1\u6210\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u5fc5\u7136\u6709\u4e2a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8005\u3001\u6709\u4e2adesigner\u3002\u5b87\u5b99\u4e5f\u5982\u6b64\uff01\u5b83\u5145\u6ee1\u7740\u201c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8005\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ff9\u8c61\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9020\u7269\u8005\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u795e\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8ddf\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u662f\u8bf4\u201c\u6709\u5176\u679c\u5fc5\u6709\u5176\u56e0\u3001\u8fd9\u6837\u63a8\u4e0a\u53bb\u201d\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u5462\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u201c\u5b87\u5b99\u3001\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u91cc\u9762\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u89c1\u6709\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u6709design\u201d.\u76ee\u524d\u4e5f\u662f\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7528\u6765\u8ddf\u8fdb\u5316\u8bba\u9a73\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2aargument\uff08\u4e89\u8bba\uff09\uff1aintelligent design\uff08\u667a\u6167\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff09\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u4e0d\u8bb2creationism\uff08\u521b\u9020\u8bba\uff09\u4e86\uff0c\u6700\u8fd1\u8bb2intelligent design\uff08\u667a\u6167\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff09\uff1b\u5728\u5728\u516c\u5171\u7684\u573a\u5408\u3001\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u8ddf\u6559\u80b2\u754c\u8fd9\u6837\u5b50\u8bb2\u5462\uff0c\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672a\u7ecf\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u8bf7\u52ff\u64c5\u81ea\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u7f51\u7ad9\u6216\u5e73\u53f0\u8f6c\u8f7d\u548c\u520a\u767b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\uff1b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9010\u5b57\u7a3f\u7684\u7248\u6743\u5f52\u300c\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u300d\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u590d\u5370\u51fa\u7248\u7b49\u5546\u4e1a\u7528\u9014\u3002<\/p>\n<p>ccnci.org\u4e2d\u534e\u5c55\u671b\u5723\u7ea6\u5b66\u9662 HorizonCovenant@gmail.com<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u56db.Moral Argument\uff08\u9053\u5fb7\u8bba\uff09\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u8fd9\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff1a\u4eba\u6709\u662f\u975e\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u3002\u8fd9\u611f\u89c9\u54ea\u91cc\u6765\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u751a\u81f3\u4e4e\u89c9\u5f97\u9053\u5fb7\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e2a\u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u5ff5\u5462\uff01\u90a3\u603b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2aabsolute norm\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\uff0c\u4eba\u624d\u4f1a\u6709\u8fd9\u79cd\u662f\u975e\u4e4b\u611f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5462\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e94.\uff08\u201c<\/strong><strong>\u5e15\u65af\u5361\u7684\u8d4c\u6ce8\u201d<\/strong><strong>\uff09<\/strong>\u2014\u2014Pascal(<em>\u5e15\u65af\u5361<\/em><em>Blaise Pascal<\/em><em>\u662f<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD\/1173384\"><em>\u6cd5\u56fd<\/em><\/a><em>\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6\/2353\"><em>\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6<\/em><\/a><em>\u3001<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6\/3968\"><em>\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6<\/em><\/a><em>\u3001<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E6%95%A3%E6%96%87%E5%AE%B6\/1243120\"><em>\u6563\u6587\u5bb6<\/em><\/a><em>\u300216\u5c81\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5e15\u65af\u5361\u516d\u8fb9\u5f62\u5b9a\u7406\u300117\u5c81\u65f6\u5199\u6210\u300a\u5706\u9525\u66f2\u7ebf\u8bba\u300b\uff0c\u81ea1655\u5e74\u9690\u5c45\u4fee\u9053\u9662\uff0c\u5199\u4e0b\u300a\u601d\u60f3\u5f55\u300b\u7b49\u7ecf\u5178\u8457\u4f5c\u3002\u201c\u5e15\u65af\u5361\u4e4b\u8d4c\u6ce8\u201d\u662f\u5728\u5176\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u601d\u60f3\u5f55\u300b\u4e2d\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8bba\u8ff0<\/em><em>).<\/em>Pascal\u7684\u8d4c\u535a\u6709\u56db\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\uff1a<strong>\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\uff1a<\/strong>\u795e\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u76f8\u4fe1\u795e\u5b58\u5728\uff1b\u7ed3\u679c\u5462\u6211\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u8d62\u4e86I win everything.\u795e\u5b58\u5728\u3001\u6211\u5b58\u5728\u3001\u6211\u6709\u6c38\u751f\u3001\u4eca\u751f\u4e5f\u6709\u559c\u4e50\u5e73\u5b89\u3001\u90fd\u6709\u4e86I win everything. <strong>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\uff1a<\/strong>\u795e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3001\u800c\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\u4ed6\u5b58\u5728\uff1bPascal\u8bf4\u201c\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u8f93\u6389\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\u554a\uff0c\u6211\u8fd8\u662f\u559c\u4e50\u5e73\u5b89\u201d\u3002<strong>\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\uff1a<\/strong>\u795e\u5b58\u5728\u3001\u800c\u6211\u4e0d\u76f8\u4fe1\u4ed6\uff1b\u90a3\u5c31\u8f93\u5149\u2014\u2014\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u8f93\u6389\u4e86\uff01\u5728\u6c38\u6052\u91cc\u9762\u6ca1\u6709\u6c38\u751f\u662f\u5427\uff1fI lose everything(\u6211\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u4e00\u5207)\u3002<strong>\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\uff1a<\/strong>\u795e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3001\u800c\u6211\u4e5f\u4e0d\u76f8\u4fe1\u4ed6\uff1b\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48I don&#8217;t gain anything.\u65e0\u795e\u8bba\u8005\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6bd4\u6709\u795e\u8bba\u8005\u66f4\u5feb\u4e50\u3001\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5e73\u5b89\u3002\u90a3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662fPascal&#8217;s\u00a0Wager\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u597d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e94\u65b9\u9762\u52a8\u542c\u4e0d\u52a8\u542c\u554a\uff1fConvincing\uff08\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\u7684\uff09\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0dconvincing\uff1f\u6211\u60f3\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u591a\u90fd\u4f1a\u89c9\u5f97\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5462\u662f\u597d\u50cf\u5f88\u50cf\u8bd7\u7bc7\u7b2c\u5341\u4e5d\u7bc7\u54e6\uff1f\u7136\u540e\u8fd8\u6709\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u2026\u2026\u3002\u6240\u6709\u5728\u54f2\u5b66\u91cc\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8981\u8bc1\u660eor\uff08\u6216\u8005\uff09justify\u628a\u201c\u76f8\u4fe1\u795e\u7684\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u201d\u5408\u7406\u5316\uff0c\u5b83\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540c\u70b9\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u540c\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u5b83\u8981appeal to\uff08\u8bc9\u8bf8\u4e8e\uff09\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\uff1f\u5b83\u8981\u6c42\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\u4e3a\u771f\u7406\u7684\u88c1\u5224\u8005\u3001\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u88c1\u5224\u8005\u3002<strong>\u6240\u6709\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7528\u7406\u6027\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u201c\u795e\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5411\u4eba\u7684\u6709\u9650\u7684\u7406\u6027\u3001\u4e5f\u662f\u4eba\u6709\u9650\u7684\u3001\u66f4\u52a0\u662f\u5815\u843d\u7684\u7406\u6027\u4f4e\u5934\uff01<\/strong>\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\uff1f\u6211\u518d\u8bf4\u4e00\u904d\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0a\u8981\u8bc1\u660e\u201c\u795e\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u3001\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u5c1d\u8bd5\u53bb\u8bc1\u660e\u201c\u76f8\u4fe1\u795e\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\u7684justifying the living God.<strong>\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9barguments(\u54f2\u5b66\u8bba\u70b9)\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u540c\u70b9\uff1a\u5c31\u662f\u5b83\uff08\u201c\u8bc1\u660e\u795e\u5b58\u5728\u201d\uff09\u8981\u5728\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\u4e0b\u4f4e\u5934\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u8981\u8fc7\u4eba\u7406\u6027\u7684\u5173\u624d\u53eb\u505a\u5408\u7406<\/strong>reasonable.\u60f3\u901a\u4e86\u6ca1\u6709\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u8981\u4eba\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u201c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u4e0d\u662fconvincing\uff08\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\u7684\uff09\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5408\u4e4e\u903b\u8f91\uff1f\u201d \u800c\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\u5728\u88ab\u9020\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u672c\u6765\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u8bc6\u795e\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e0d\u662f\u6309\u7167\u903b\u8f91\u53bb\u8ba4\u8bc6\u795e\u554a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u795e\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u6709\u4ed6\u7684\u542f\u793a\uff1b\u4eba\u72af\u7f6a\u4e4b\u540e\u3001\u5815\u843d\u4e86\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u7406\u6027\u5c31\u4e5f\u5815\u843d\u4e86\u3002\u90a3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u662f\u201c\u5168\u4eba\u3001\u6574\u4e2a\u4eba\u5815\u843d\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u771f\u7406\u5462\u662f\u963f\u594e\u7eb3\uff08<em>Thomas Aquinas\u662f\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E7%BB%8F%E9%99%A2%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6\/193868\"><em>\u7ecf\u9662\u54f2\u5b66<\/em><\/a><em>\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6\/1241247\"><em>\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6<\/em><\/a><em>\u3002<\/em>\uff09\u4e0d\u627f\u8ba4\u7684\u3002\u963f\u594e\u7eb3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u662f\u5815\u843d\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u7406\u6027\u6ca1\u6709\u5815\u843d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5462\u8fd8\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7406\u6027\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u795e\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u81f3\u4e8e\u795e\u5965\u79d8\u90a3\u4e9b\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\u4e09\u4f4d\u4e00\u4f53\u554a\u3001\u795e\u7684\u6551\u6069\uff0c\u90a3\u4e2a\u8981\u9760\u6559\u4f1a\u5bf9\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6559\u5bfc\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u201c\u795e\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5462\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7406\u6027\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u7684\u3002Thomas Aquinas\u4ed6\u662f\u4e0d\u76f8\u4fe1\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\u7684\u5815\u843d\u3002\u800c\u5815\u843d\u6216\u8005\u8bf4<strong>\u5815\u843d\u7684\u4eba,\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5815\u843d\u5bf9\u7406\u6027\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u66f2\u89e3\u771f\u7406\u3001\u963b\u6321\u771f\u7406\u3001\u538b\u6291\u771f\u7406<\/strong>suppress truth.<\/p>\n<p>\u65e2\u7136\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\u3001\u8bf4\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\u662f\u5815\u843d\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u8bdd\u8bb2\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u4fe1\u8036\u7a23\u5c31\u597d\u4e86\u3001\u5c31\u4fe1only believe\u5c31\u597d\u5462\uff1fNo(\u4e0d\u662f)\uff1f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48no\uff08\u4e0d\u662f\uff09\u5462\uff1f\u90a3\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bb2\u7684\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\u554a\u3001\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6240\u6709\u7684logical arguments(\u903b\u8f91\u8bba\u8bc1)\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u90fd\u662fconvincing\uff08\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\u7684\uff09\uff1b\u56e0\u4e3a<strong>\u53ea\u6709\u5723\u7075\u624d\u80fd\u591f\u5f00\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u7a8d<\/strong>enlighten man\u2019s mind\u2014\u2014\u611f\u52a8\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u3001\u4f7f\u4ed6\u624e\u5fc3\u3001\u77e5\u7f6a\u3001\u91cd\u751f\u2014\u2014\u91cd\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u65e2\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u591fappeal to reason\uff08\u8bc9\u8bf8\u7406\u6027\uff09\u3001\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u7406\u6027\u5f53\u4f5c\u771f\u7406\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u88c1\u5224\u8005\uff0c\u90a3\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\u3001\u62a4\u6559\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u91cc\u9762\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7406\u6027\u5417\uff1f\u554a\uff1f\u5815\u843d\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\u662f\u5815\u843d\u7684\u2014\u2014\u66f2\u89e3\u771f\u7406\u3001\u538b\u6291\u771f\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e0d\u7528\u62a4\u6559\u4e86\u3001\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\u5c31\u597d\u4e86\u662f\u5427\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u6709\u542f\u793a\u8bba\u3001\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u666e\u904d\u542f\u793ageneral revelation.\u7b49\u4e00\u4e0b\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u6162\u6162\u7684\u2014\u2014\u4eca\u5929\u8ddf\u660e\u5929\u597d\u597d\u5730\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5462\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\u5148\u629b\u51fa\u6765\u7ed9\u4f60\u4eec\u4e00\u4e2apreview\uff08\u9884\u544a\uff09\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\uff1a\u975e\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4ed6\u6709\u4ed6\u4e00\u5957\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5convictions\uff1a\u4ed6\u4fe1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u3001\u4fe1\u90a3\u4e2a\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e2a\u90a3\u4e2a\u3001\u5bf9\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684objections\u53cd\u5bf9\u7b49\u7b49\uff1b\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u5ff5\u7684\u80cc\u540e\u6709\u5b83\u7684\u603b\u539f\u5219principle position. \u4ed6\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u89c2\u3001\u4eba\u751f\u89c2\u3001\u4ed6\u7684\u9884\u8bbe\u2014\u2014\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9884\u8bbe\u7684\u80cc\u540e\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u4eba\u672c\u8eabthe person\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u90a3\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3the heart.\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u6309\u7167\u795e\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u88ab\u9020\u7684\u4eba\u2014\u2014\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u5815\u843d\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u795e\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u88ab\u6bc1\u5bb9\u3001\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u5462\uff1b<strong>\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u6309\u7167\u795e\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u88ab\u9020\u7684\u4eba\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\u7684<\/strong>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u5fc3\u91cc\u9762\u2026\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u8bf4\u201c\u795e\u628a\u6c38\u6052\u653e\u5728\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u91cc\u5934\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4f20\u9053\u4e66\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u7b2c11\u8282\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u63d0\u9192\u5815\u843d\u7684\u4eba\u3001<strong>\u63d0\u9192<\/strong>remind<strong>\u5815\u843d\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\u5b83\u6240\u672c\u6765\u77e5\u9053\u800c\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u627f\u8ba4\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u2014\u2014\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u795e\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/strong>\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u505a\uff1f<strong>\u7b2c\u4e00\u5ba3\u8bb2\u771f\u7406\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u66b4\u9732\u4ed6\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u865a\u5984\u7684\u603b\u539f\u5219<\/strong>\u6216\u8005principle position\uff1b\u5f53\u7136\u6211\u4eec<strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u65c1\u8bc1\u4e00\u4e9b<\/strong>supportive arguments\u2014\u2014<strong>\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u3001\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u9884\u8a00\u3001\u5e94\u9a8c\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u652f\u6301\u3001\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6709\u677e\u571f\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u554a\u3001<\/strong>disarming\uff08<strong>\u89e3\u9664\u7591\u8651<\/strong>\uff09\u3001<strong>\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u597d\u50cf\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u60f3\u7684\u90a3\u4e48\u7684\u6ca1\u6709\u9053\u7406\u7684\uff1b\u53ef\u662f\u6700\u540e<\/strong>convincing\uff08<strong>\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\u7684<\/strong>\uff09<strong>\u7684\u662f\u5723\u7075\u672c\u8eab<\/strong>\u2014\u2014\u5723\u7075\u4eb2\u81ea\u5730\u6765\u6253\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\u8ddf\u4ed6\u7684\u5fc3\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u60f3\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u554a\uff1f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff1a\u5815\u843d\u7684\u4eba\u4ed6\u662f\u4eba\u3001\u662f\u88ab\u9020\u7684\u3001\u662f\u6309\u7167\u795e\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u9020\u7684\uff1b\u800c\u795e\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u6d88\u706d\u6389\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\u7684\u8bdd\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ddf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u8bb2\u8bdd\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u2014\u2014\u6309\u7167\u795e\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u9020\u7684\u3002\u672c\u6765\u4e9a\u5f53\u590f\u5a03\u6ca1\u6709\u72af\u7f6a\u4e4b\u524d\uff08\u662f\uff09\u6309\u7167\u795e\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u9020\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u6ee1\u6709\u771f\u7406\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u3001\u516c\u4e49\u3001\u8fd8\u6709\u5723\u6d01\uff1b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u4ee5\u5f17\u6240\u4e66\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u7b2c24\u8282\u8ddf\u6b4c\u7f57\u897f\u4e66\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u7b2c10\u8282\u6211\u4eec\u63a8\u8bba\u2014\u2014\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8036\u7a23\u57fa\u7763\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u518d\u521b\u9020\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u795e\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u6709\u771f\u7406\u3001\u6216\u8005\u77e5\u8bc6\u3001\u4ec1\u4e49\u8ddf\u5723\u6d01\uff1b\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u63a8\u8bba\u51fa\u4e9a\u5f53\u2014\u2014\u795e\u521b\u9020\u4ed6\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u771f\u7406\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u3001\u516c\u4e49\u8ddf\u5723\u6d01\u3002<strong>\u521b\u4e16\u8bb0<\/strong>\u5462\u7684\u786e\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\uff1a\u4e9a\u5f53\u662f\u6709\u8ba4\u8bc6\u771f\u7406\u3001\u6216\u8005\u6309\u7167\u771f\u7406\u53bb\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e07\u4e8b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u3002\u800c\u5815\u843d\u7684\u4eba\u5462\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u3001\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u5b8c\u5168\u6d88\u706d\u6389\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u70b9\u7684\u4f59\u79cd\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5723\u7075\u5462\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a8\u5de5\u3002\u6211\u8bf4\u4e9a\u5f53\u4ed6\u7684\u7406\u6027\u88ab\u795e\u521b\u9020\u3001\u6309\u7167\u4ed6\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u521b\u9020\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5462\uff0c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7167\u771f\u7406\u53bb\u89e3\u91ca\u3001\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e07\u4e8b\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5c0f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u542c\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u65e5\u5b66\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u62ff\u6765\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u8bfe\u5802\u91cc\u9762\u8bb2\u5462\u597d\u50cf\u54c4\u5c0f\u5b69\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e5f\u54c4\u54c4\u4f60\u4eec\u54c8\uff0c\u54c4\u5b8c\u4e4b\u540e\u6211\u95ee\u4f60\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u9053\u7406\u554a\uff1f\u4f60\u53bb\u89e3\u91ca\u5b83\u80cc\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5965\u79d8\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u539f\u5219\u3002\u6211\u7684\u4e3b\u65e5\u5b66\u8001\u5e08\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\u7684\u3001\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u4e9a\u5f53\u5f88\u806a\u660e\u3001\u5f88\u806a\u660e\u554a\uff0c\u4ed6\u7ed9\u6240\u6709\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u8d77\u540d\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5bf9\uff1f\u4ed6\u8bf4\u732b\uff0c\u4f60\u8bf4\u50cf\u4e0d\u50cf\u732b\u561b\uff0c\u5f88\u50cf\u732b\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5bf9\uff1f\u55b5\u2026\u5f88\u50cf\u732b\u3002\u4e9a\u5f53\u53eb\u8001\u864e\u53eb\u201c\u8001\u864e\u201d\uff0c\u4f60\u8bf4\u50cf\u4e0d\u50cf\u8001\u864e\uff1f\u5f88\u50cf\u8001\u864e\u561b\u3002\u4e9a\u5f53\u53eb\u725b\u53eb\u201c\u725b\u201d\uff0c\u4f60\u8bf4\u50cf\u4e0d\u50cf\u725b\uff1f\u5f88\u50cf\u725b\u554a\u3002\u4ed6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ee7\u7eed\u7684\u8bb2\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u72ee\u5b50\u5f88\u50cf\u72ee\u5b50\u3001\u72d7\u5f88\u50cf\u72d7\u3001\u9c7c\u5f88\u50cf\u9c7c\u554a\u2026\u3002\u6211\u95ee\u4f60\u554a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u54c4\u5c0f\u5b69\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3001\u5b83\u7684\u7528\u610f\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u8bb2\u5f97\u5f88\u806a\u660e\uff1a\u4ed6\u5f53\u65f6\u5728\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e8b\u60c5\uff1f\u547d\u540d\u54e6\u3002\u547d\u540d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u601d\u554a\uff1f\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff1a\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u7269\u5b9a\u5b83\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u554a\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u5728\u89e3\u91cainterpret\u795e\u6240\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684structure\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u2014\u2014\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u72af\u7f6a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5462\u4e9a\u5f53\u53bb\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3001\u89e3\u91ca\u795e\u6240\u521b\u9020\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\uff1b<strong>\u6ca1\u6709\u72af\u7f6a\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u4e9a\u5f53\u5462\u4ed6\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u53bb\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3001\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u53bb\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4eba\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6309\u7167\u771f\u7406\u53bb\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e07\u7269\u3001\u4ece\u4e8b\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u4e5f\u4ece\u4e8b\u6587\u827a\u6216\u8005\u827a\u672f\u7684\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u80fd\u529b\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5462\u90fd\u88ab\u7f6a\u6c61\u67d3\u6389<\/strong>marred\u3001scarred. \u5728\u8036\u7a23\u57fa\u7763\u91cc\u9762\u795e\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u88ab\u518d\u6062\u590d\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u6309\u7167\u795e\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u88ab\u518d\u9020\u7684\u2014\u2014\u4ee5\u5f17\u6240\u4e66\u56db\u7ae024\u3001\u6b4c\u7f57\u897f\u4e66\u4e09\u7ae010\u8282\uff0c\u800c\u5f53\u7136\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u54e5\u6797\u591a\u540e\u4e66\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae017\u8282\uff1a<strong>\u82e5\u6709\u4eba\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u91cc\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u662f\u65b0\u9020\u7684\u4eba<\/strong>a new creation.\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u6b63\u786e\u4e00\u70b9\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u662f\uff1a\u82e5\u6709\u4eba\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u91cc\uff0c\u770b\u54ea\uff01\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u5b87\u5b99a new creation.\u4e07\u4e8b\u90fd\u662f\u65b0\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5462\u6b63\u7edf\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u89e3\u91ca\u2014\u2014\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4eba\u6587\u79d1\u5b66\u6216\u8005\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u4e2amodel of the universe\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u521a\u624d\u6211\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u8bf4\uff1a\u90a3\u4e2a\u5815\u843d\u4e86\u7684\u4eba\u5462\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u65e2\u7136\u8fd9\u4e94\u79cd\u7684\u8bba\u8c03\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662fappeal to\uff08\u8bc9\u8bf8\u4e8e\uff09 \u5b83\u7684\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u65e2\u7136\u4ed6\u7684\u7406\u6027\u662f\u5815\u843d\u7684\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u7684\u7406\u6027\u662f\u5815\u843d\u7684\u3001\u4ed6\u7684\u611f\u60c5\u4e5f\u5815\u843d\u7684\u3001\u4ed6\u7684\u610f\u5fd7\u4e5f\u5815\u843d\u4e86\uff0c\u5168\u4eba\u90fd\u5815\u843d\u4e86\u554a\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u5462\u4ed6\u6bd5\u7adf\u662f\u6309\u7167\u795e\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u9020\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u5fc3\u7075\u7684\u6df1\u5904\u8fd8\u6709\u795e\u90a3\u4e2a\u6c38\u6052\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u610f\u8bc6\u2014\u2014\u4f20\u9053\u4e66\u4e09\u7ae011\u8282\u3001\u5f53\u7136\u8fd8\u6709\u7f57\u9a6c\u4e66\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae018\u523020\u8282\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6240\u8c13\u5411\u5fc3\u3001\u5bf9\u5fc3\u8bf4\u8bdd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a<strong>\u5411\u5fc3\u8bf4\u8bdd\u4e0d\u662f\u907f\u5f00\u7406\u6027\u7684\u610f\u601d\u554a\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u8bf4\u7ed9\u4ed6\u770b\u89c1\uff1a\u795e\u7684\u542f\u793a\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u6709\u5b83\u7684\u4e00\u8d2f\u6027\u8ddf\u5408\u7406\u6027<\/strong>God\u2019s revelation\uff08\u795e\u7684\u542f\u793a\uff09\u662freasonable(\u5408\u7406\u7684)\uff1b<strong>\u8fd9\u4e2a<\/strong>reasonable<strong>(<\/strong><strong>\u5408\u7406\u7684)\u5462\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7b26\u5408\u4eba\u5815\u843d\u7684\u7406\u6027\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u795e\u5b66\u5386\u53f2\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u662f1710\u52301750\u8fd9\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5462\u72af\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u8fd8\u5728\u6361\u5b83\u7684\u540e\u679c\uff1b\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7eaa\u81f31600\u90a3\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5462\uff0c\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u4e86\u3001\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e86100\u5e74\u4e86\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5462\u6e05\u6559\u5f92\u5c31\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\u795e\u7684\u542f\u793a\u662f\u5408\u4e4e\u7406\u6027\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u5408\u4e4e\u7406\u6027\u3001\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684God\u2019s revelation is reasonable(\u5408\u7406\u7684)\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u5230\u4e861710\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u795e\u8bbaDeism(<em>\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u5b87\u5b99\u548c\u5b83\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4e4b\u540e,\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5e76\u4e0d\u518d\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u800c\u8ba9\u4e16\u754c\u6309\u7167\u5b83\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u89c4\u5f8b\u5b58\u5728\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0b\u53bb<\/em><em>)<\/em>\u2014\u2014D-e-i-s-m\uff0cDeism\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5462\uff0c\u90a3\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9886\u8896\u662f<em>John Locke<\/em><em>\uff08\u7ea6\u7ff0\u6d1b\u514b:<\/em> <em>\u82f1\u56fd<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6\"><em>\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6<\/em><\/a><em>\u548c\u533b\u751f\uff0c\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6700\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E5%90%AF%E8%92%99\"><em>\u542f\u8499<\/em><\/a><em>\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u548c\u201c\u00a0<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89\"><em>\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49<\/em><\/a><em>\u00a0\u201d<\/em><em>\u4e4b\u7236\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E4%BC%8F%E5%B0%94%E6%B3%B0\"><em>\u4f0f\u5c14\u6cf0<\/em><\/a><em>\u3001<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E8%AE%A9%C2%B7%E9%9B%85%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E5%8D%A2%E6%A2%AD\"><em>\u8ba9\u00b7<\/em><em>\u96c5\u514b\u00b7<\/em><em>\u5362\u68ad<\/em><\/a><em>\u548c\u8bb8\u591a\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u542f\u8499\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u4ee5\u53ca\u7f8e\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u8005\u3002\u5bf9\u53e4\u5178\u5171\u548c\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u53cd\u6620\u5728\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u72ec\u7acb\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u4e2d<\/em><em>\uff09\u2014\u2014L-o-c-k-e.Locke<\/em>\u4ed6\u8bf4\u5462\uff1aGod\u2019s revelation must be reasonable<strong>\u795e\u7684\u542f\u793a\u5fc5\u7136\u662f\u5408\u4e4e\u7406\u6027\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u5b57\u4e4b\u5dee\uff01\u4ece\u90a3\u91cc\u5f00\u59cb\u5462\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u5c31\u4e00\u76f4\u5c31\u5815\u843d\u4e0b\u53bb<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u523019\u4e16\u7eaa\u8ddf20\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u611a\u8822\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u90a3\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf4\u4ee5\u524d\u6ca1\u6709\u5462\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5173\u952e\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u4e2amoment\uff08\u65f6\u523b\uff09\u554a\u3002<strong>\u65e2\u7136\u795e\u7684\u542f\u793a\u8981\u6295\u964d\u5728\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\u4e4b\u4e0b\u624d\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\u6216\u8005\u5408\u7406\u5316\uff0c\u90a3\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5462\uff0c\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\u6216\u8005\u4eba\u7684\u611f\u60c5\u5c31\u6beb\u65e0\u7f9e\u803b\u7684\u5c31\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e86\u5b87\u5b99\u771f\u7406\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\u5b98\u4e86\u3002<\/strong>\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf4\u4ee5\u524d\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u5462<strong>\u4ed6\u628a\u795e\u7684\u542f\u793a\u4e5f\u62c9\u4e0b\u6765\u4e86\u3002<\/strong>\u5f88\u5feb\u7684\u5230\u4e86<strong>1800<\/strong><strong>\u65bd\u83b1\u5c14\u9a6c\u8d6b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c<\/strong><strong>\u795e\u7684\u542f\u793a\u5c31\u4e0d\u8981\u4e86\uff01\u5269\u4e0b\u5c31\u662f\u4eba\u7684\u4e3b\u89c2\u7684\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u3002<\/strong>\u57281600\u52301800\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u671f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff1a\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u7406\u60f3\u4e3b\u4e49\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u795e\u8bba\uff0c\u5230\u4e86\u5eb7\u5fb7\u8ddf\u65bd\u83b1\u5c14\u9a6c\u8d6b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u3001\u5230\u4e86<strong>1800\u4e4b\u540e\u5462\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u795e\u7684\u6587\u5316\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u7edd\u5bf9\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684no absolutes\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7834\u788e\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u89c2\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u597d\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u4eec\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\u3001\u4e5f\u662f\u7b2c\u4e09\u5927\u70b9\u3002\u521a\u624d\u4eca\u5929\u65e9\u4e0a\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u4e86\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u795e\u53ef\u77e5\u5417\uff1f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u795e\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u80fd\u8bc1\u660e\u5417\uff1f\u597d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u5927\u70b9\u795e\u7684\u53ef\u77e5\u6027God&#8217;s knowable.\u5148\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u521d\u6b65\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e00<\/strong>\u3001\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b2c\u4e00\u5927\u70b9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5927\u70b9\u91cc\u9762\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff1a<strong>\u795e\u4f20\u8fbe\u4e86\u5173\u4e4e\u4ed6\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u7ed9\u4eba<\/strong>God communities knowledge of himself to man.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u3001\u5173\u4e4e\u795e\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u662f\u79cd\u690d\u5728\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u91cc\u5934<\/strong>\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u795e\u4f20\u8fbe\u7ed9\u4ed6God reveal to man.\u7b2c\u4e8c\u662fGod reveal himself in 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